Expansion mechanisms in calcium aluminate and sulfoaluminate systems with calcium sulfate

Hydration of Portland cement with additions of calcium sulfoaluminates

The purpose of this study is to simulate the early age concrete behaviors and evaluate the cracking risk with the thermal and thermal stress analysis. A new finite element method program associated with ANSYS program is developed for the computation of thermal field and thermal stress field for early age concrete considering the following characters: degree of hydration, thermal properties (such as specific heat, thermal diffusivity), thermal boundary conditions, and mechanical properties (such as shrinkage, creep) which occur at early age. The results from simulation compared with experimental values found in the literature show a good agreement. Finally, based on this user-developed subroutine, the effects of hydration heat, ambient temperature, wind velocity, shrinkage, and length-height ratio on cracking risk were analyzed for a concrete wall which is one part of the structure of Maridal culvert in Norway. By which, the measures to control the cracking were provided for the engineering application.

Estimation of cracking risk of concrete at early age based on thermal stress analysis

Heat evolution during the hydration of Portland cement in the presence of fly ash, calcium hydroxide and super plasticizer

https://researchrepository.ucd.ie/bitstream/10197/7567/4/Cold_and_moderate_ambient_temperatures_effects_on_expansive_pressure_develop-ment_in_soundless_chemical_demolition_agents-_open_repository-2.pdf

Cold and moderate ambient temperatures effects on expansive pressure development in soundless chemical demolition agents

Blended systems with calcium aluminate and calcium sulphate expansive additives

Calorimetry was applied to follow the hydration of special cement mixtures exhibiting expansion or shrinkage compensation. The standard, common cements show generally less or more visible shrinkage on setting and hardening but mixed with and expansive agent, usually of aluminate and sulfate nature, they can exhibit the increase of volume. The calcium aluminate cement CAC 40 was ground together with special sulfate–lime sinter to produce an expansive additive to Portland cement (CEM I 42.5R). The expansive additive in the environment of hydrating cement transforms into ettringite at “right time” to give expansion before the final setting and hardening takes place. In the experiments the proportions of components of expansive mixture and basic cement were variable. The rate of hydration versus time for common cements is commonly known and reflects the moderate setting and early hardening during the first days after mixing with water (two peaks and the induction period between them). The aim of measurements presented in this study was to show the course of heat evolution curve and the heat evolved values, equivalent to the acceleration/retardation of hydration, in case of the paste with the expansive mixture, as well as the pastes produced from Portland cement and the components of expansive additives added in variable proportions. It was possible to see how the calorimetric curve and consequently the hydration process itself declines from the controlled setting/hardening. These measurements were supplied by the examples of phase composition studies by XRD.

Z. Konik

Papers

Blended systems with calcium aluminate and calcium sulphate expansive additives

Heat evolution in hydrating expansive cement systems