New insights into the medicinal importance, physiological functions and bioanalytical aspects of an important bioactive compound of foods ‘Hyperin’: Health benefits of the past, the present, the future

Aromatic plants show antimicrobial activity due to their essential oils, but their effect on litter decomposition is unclear. In this study, we evaluated the biomass loss and nutrient dynamics in leaf litters of two macrophytes (Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Carex brevicuspis) with and without addition of powdered material of the aromatic plant Polygonum hydropiper or the non-aromatic plant C. brevicuspis. The two powders had similar basic chemical qualities but P. hydropiperi had a higher essential oils concentration. Leaf litters of M. sacchariflorus and C. brevicuspis were incubated with powdered P. hydropiper or C. brevicuspis (500 g m-3, 250 g m-3, and no addition) for 120 days in a mesocosm experiment. Compared with the control (no addition), P. hydropiperi addition decelerated nutrient release and litter decomposition, while C. brevicuspis addition accelerated those processes. The nitrogen concentrations in both leaf litters and the phosphorus concentration in C. brevicuspis leaf litter were increased by addition of both plant powders. The fungal biomass in both leaf litters decreased after P. hydropiperi addition, due to the antifungal activity of its essential oils. These data indicate that the aromatic plant P. hydropiperi inhibits litter decomposition via its essential oils and that such inhibition is not species-specific.

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Inhibition of litter decomposition of two emergent macrophytes by addition of aromatic plant powder

The Chinese have used Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMF) for centuries. MMF is used widely in feed additives and human medicine, yet there have been few studies into fermentation mechanisms and medicinal ingredients. Our aim of the project is to analyze the safe use of MMF, we had observed changes in the chemical levels and amylase activity for several raw materials during the fermentation process. Our results demonstrate that ingredients such as amygdalin, benzaldehyde and rutin are gradually degraded during the process of fermentation. One of methods was HPLC and HPLC fingerprint for MMF, fermented for seven days, was distinct to the chemical composition of the original unfermented MMF with a similarity of only 0.106. Meanwhile, the amylase activity of fermented MMF gradually increased. We use PCR-SSCP analysis for fermented MMF not only because it is sensitive and quite simple method but also because it is not expensive. Our clustering analysis results showed that the 23 fungal species were classified into 5 classes and the proportion distribution of fungal classes such as Eurotiomycetes was 48%; Sordariomycetes was 30%; Dothideomycates was 9%; Agaricomycetes was 9% and Zygomycetes was 4% respectively. The conclusion is that during the process of fermentation, the raw material chemical composition of MMF was affected by microorganisms and various substances. Further, it would be suitable for digestion in animals.

The components and amylase activity of Massa Medicata Fermentata during the process of fermentation

Abstract Context Polygonum hydropiper L. (Polygonaceae) (PH) is a traditional Chinese traditional medicine with a pungent flavor and mild drug properties. PH is mainly distributed in the channel tropism in the stomach and large intestine. PH has multiple uses and can be used to treat a variety of diseases for a long time. Objective This review summarizes the phytochemical and pharmacological activities, and applications of PH from 1980 to 2022. We also provide suggestions for promoting further research and developing additional applications of PH. Methods The data and information on PH from 1980 to 2022 reviewed in this article were obtained from scientific databases, including Science Direct, PubMed, Science Citation Index, SciFinder Scholar (SciFinder), Springer, American Chemical Society (ACS) Publications, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), etc. Some information was obtained from classic literature on traditional Chinese medicines. The search terms were Polygonum hydropiper, phytochemistry compositions of Polygonum hydropiper, pharmacological activities of Polygonum hydropiper, and applications of Polygonum hydropiper. Results The comprehensive analysis of the literature resulted in 324 compounds being isolated, identified, and reported from PH. Regarding traditional uses, the majority of phytochemical and pharmacological studies have indicated the diverse bioactivities of PH extracts, flavonoids, and volatile oil elements, including antibacterial, antifungal, insecticidal, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory. Conclusions PH has a long history of diversified medicinal uses, some of which have been verified in modern pharmacological studies. Further detailed studies are required to establish scientific and reasonable quality evaluation standards and action mechanisms of active constituents from PH.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/13880209.2023.2208639?needAccess=true&role=button

The traditional herb Polygonum hydropiper from China: a comprehensive review on phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and applications

Five flavonoid compounds were isolated from Polygonum hydropiper Linn. by polyamide chromatography and their structures were determined as follows: hyperin, rutin, quercetin, isorhamnetin and kaempferol. Isorhamnetin was first obtained from this plant. Volatile oil in leaves of P. hydropiper Linn. was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide, and their chemical constituents were separated and identified by GC-MS. The amount of identified constituents was over 80.66% of the volatile oil.

Zeng Tao

Papers

Study on chemical constituents of polygonum hydropiper linn.