WSNs and IoTs for the Identification of COVID-19 Related Healthcare Issues: A Survey on Contributions, Challenges and Evolution

The study analyzes the physical characteristics of devices that can be targeted. A method of detecting a malicious device with a violation of the physical characteristics of the network node is developed. The proposed method is based on the use of probabilistic functions, the calculation of the confidence interval and the probability of deviation of the current indicators from the confidence interval. Approaches to the control of the output sequences of the encryption algorithm using dynamic chaos and the method of singular spectral analysis are considered. A comparative analysis of the parameters of the input and output sequences of the developed algorithm of encryption based on dynamic chaos and standard algorithms of data encryption is carried out. It is found that the parameters of the output sequences of the encryption algorithm using dynamic chaos and standard encryption algorithms are almost identical. As a result of the study, a method for estimating node load indicators was developed. Evaluation of these indicators using threshold analysis, when the current values of the node fall within the confidence interval, is used to detect deviations in the behavior of the node during a cyber-attack.

Development of Methodology for Counteraction to Cyber-Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks

The sensor nodes are diffused in a wireless sensor network in the specific geographical region. A heterogeneous WSN involves multiple normal sensor nodes and few advance nodes known as advanced nodes. Advanced node mainly used for data clustering, filtering, transport, and fusion is more expensive and capable than the normal node. In this paper, an energy efficient condensed cluster protocol is proposed in which the data routing is based on the ant colony optimization algorithm. In SEP, the formation of clusters is random and entirely based on threshold values; however, in this protocol attempt has been made to lower the number of clusters by combining the adjacent clusters. Therefore, only one cluster is formed within a specific geographical region, which helps to resolve the redundancy over that region. In this paper, efforts have been made to reduce the cluster-heads to prevent the redundancy along with the use of ant colony optimization-based routing to select the optimal routing path. This protocol is proposed to increase the stability period and decrease the instability period along with improved energy efficiency and network lifetime. Simulation results depict that the suggested protocol offers higher energy efficiency, prolonged stability period, and low instability period as compared to SEP and LEACH protocols.

AEECC-SEP: Ant-Based Energy Efficient Condensed Cluster Stable Election Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network

There are many vulnerabilities to attack in wireless sensor networks. Among them, the sybil attack is especially malicious to generate many false nodes and enter false information on the network. They are detrimental to many functions of the FSU, such as data pooling, fair distribution of resources, etc. Therefore, it is crucial to protect and detect Sybil attacks. The Sybil attack has a significant impact on network performance, and once it was detected, network performance will be obviously improving.In this article, we consider a new method of detecting Sybil attacks using random keys. In the proposed method, signs are used that there is a weak connection between the group of normal nodes and the group of false nodes. Experiment results show that the proposed method detects a false node with a probability of more than 90% with a small energy consumption.

Sybil Attack Detection In Wireless Sensor Networks

The aim was to test the hypothesis that there is an insignificant influence on humans from the absorption of an 2.4 GHz electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by wearable Internet of Things (IoT) devices (using Meandered Inverted-F Antenna (MIFA) for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth technologies) for monitoring hazards in the work environment. To quantify problem, the specific energy absorption rate (SAR) was calculated in a multi-layer ellipsoidal model of the IoT device user’s head exposed to EMF from MIFA attached to a headband or to a helmet. SAR values may be significant when a modelled IoT wearable device is attached to a headband, but not to a helmet.

/pdf/modelling-the-influence-of-the-2-4-ghz-electromagnetic-field-533r30m251.pdf

Modelling the Influence of the 2.4 GHz Electromagnetic Field on the User of a Wearable Internet of Things (IoT) Device for Monitoring Hazards in the Work Environment

Zenghua Zhao

Papers

Wireless Sensor Networks