A polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes a housing provided with an anode-side supply inlet for supplying a material for fuel, an anode and a cathode accommodated in the housing to sandwich a polymer electrolyte membrane, and a layer containing a biochemical catalyst which decomposes the material for fuel to generate fuel, the layer being formed between the anode-side supply inlet and the anode.

Polymer electrolyte fuel cell

A lithium ion capacitor includes a positive electrode made of a material capable of reversibly carrying either one or both of a lithium ion and an anion, a negative electrode made of a material capable of reversibly carrying a lithium ion, and an electrolytic solution made of a non-protonic organic solvent electrolytic solution of a lithium salt. A negative electrode active material is non-graphitizable carbon having a ratio of number of hydrogen atoms to number of carbon atoms of zero or more and less than 0.05. The lithium ion is doped in advance to either one or both of the negative electrode and the positive electrode so that a negative electrode potential when a cell is discharged to a voltage one half a charging voltage of the cell is 0.15 V or less relative to a lithium ion potential.

Lithium-ion capacitor

A redox flow battery having a high electromotive force and capable of suppressing generation of a precipitation is provided. In a redox flow battery 100, a positive electrode electrolyte and a negative electrode electrolyte are supplied to a battery cell including a positive electrode 104, a negative electrode 105, and a membrane 101 interposed between the electrodes 104 and 105, to charge and discharge the battery. The positive electrode electrolyte contains a manganese ion, or both of a manganese ion and a titanium ion. The negative electrode electrolyte contains at least one type of metal ion selected from a titanium ion, a vanadium ion, a chromium ion, a zinc ion, and a tin ion. The redox flow battery 100 can suppress generation of a precipitation of MnO2, and can be charged and discharged well by containing a titanium ion in the positive electrode electrolyte, or by being operated such that the positive electrode electrolyte has an SOC of not more than 90%. In addition, the redox flow battery 100 can have a high electromotive force equal to or higher than that of a conventional vanadium-based redox flow battery.

Redox flow battery

There is provided a polymer electrolyte fuel cell capable of: sufficiently suppressing the progress of drying of the polymer electrolyte in the catalyst layers and of the polymer electrolyte membrane, and in addition, the occurrence of flooding, even if the moistened conditions of the fuel gas or the oxidant gas fed to the fuel cell change; suppressing the degradation of the anode, cathode and polymer electrolyte membrane; and thus reducing the deterioration of the cell performance readily and reliably. The polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes: a polymer electrolyte membrane; an anode and a cathode which are arranged in such a manner as to hold the polymer electrolyte membrane between them; and a pair of separators having a first gas flow path for feeding fuel gas to the anode and discharging fuel gas from the anode and a second gas flow path for feeding oxidant gas to the cathode and discharging oxidant gas from the cathode, where a notched portion is made on each of the anode and the cathode in such a position so as to allow the two notched portions to face each other, the polymer electrolyte membrane is held by the pair of separators in that position, and the polymer electrolyte membrane is supported by reinforcing members having gas permeability in the notches.

Method for preventing unauthorized use of credit cards in remote payments and a supplemental-code card for use thereof are disclosed. A secret unique code list is provided by the credit company to the credit card owner for use with the credit card. Code lists are distributed to the credit card owners through any acceptable way, such as through automatic teller machines (A.T.M.), code cards sold in stores, E-mail, Fax machines, etc. A copy of each code list is registered in an office of the credit company on the name of its associate credit card owner. Each code is for only a single use. The owner transmits to a creditor one code from his unique list for every separate remote payment, together with the conventional credit card data. The transmitted information is verified through a dialogue between the creditor and the credit company, which accepts or rejects the payment according to the verification result.

Method for preventing unauthorized use of credit cards in remote payments and an optional supplemental-code card for use therein

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To print images with a long image length in many colors, improve an image quality and make an apparatus compact in the image-recording apparatus which heats an ink ribbon by a thermal head thereby recording and forming images on sheets. SOLUTION: A head unit 22 is moved up/down by a rotation operation, thereby moving an operation mechanism part and a supporting part to a body of the image-recording apparatus. A control substrate 38 and a power source 37 can be set inside a ribbon unit 26 of a Gatling method. The entire apparatus can be made compact and an improvement in image quality can be expected because a length of a head cable 25 is shortened. A paper reference position is set on a sheet path. Printing in all colors is carried out with the sheet 34a restricted to the sheet reference position, so that a color shift is prevented. A skew of the sheet is corrected with the use of a mechanism for changing a pressure of a pinch roller 30 in two or more stages which presses the paper 34a to a grip roller 32, thereby conforming to the printing with the long printing length in multi colors. COPYRIGHT: (C)2001,JPO

Image-recording apparatus

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a cross leak quantity, even if methanol is supplied through a gas phase and obtain a stable high output voltage by supporting a negative ion-exchanger by a porous membrane consisting of polyolefin or polyfluoro- olefin, and providing the obtained negative ion-exchange membrane as an electrolyte. SOLUTION: A negative ion exchanger is supported by a porous membrane consisting of a fiber cloth made of polyofefin or polyfluoro-olefin such as PP, polytetrafluoroethylene or the like. This negative ion exchanger is preferably 1.0 to 3.0 milli equivalent per g of dry negative ion exchanger, and for example, the negative ion exchange group introduced into (chloromethyl)styrene/ divinylbenzene copolymer or 4-vinylpyridine/divinylbenzene copolymer is employed. This negative ion-exchange membrane with superior heat resistance and alkaline resistive properties is employed as an electrolyte for a solid poly electrolyte methanol fuel cell, and thereby gas-phase supply of methanol is made possible.

Solid polyelectrolyte type methanol fuel cell

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An algebraic approach to underdetermined experiments

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an all-solid type secondary battery with a high binding property between particles in layers included in the battery and an excellent rate characteristic.SOLUTION: The all-solid type secondary battery has a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode active material layer and a solid electrolytic layer. At least one of the positive electrode active material layer, the negative electrode active material layer, and the solid electrolytic layer includes a binder made of particles of polymer which has an inorganic solid electrolyte and a surfactant having a polyoxyethylene chain.

All-solid type secondary battery

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel cell which is excellent in shape stability and airtightness and can be easily fabricated by constituting a separator of a layer containing a conductive carbon material on a base body surface by using metal containing a specific quantity of aluminium or titanium as a base body SOLUTION: Since metal which is elastically deformable and plastically deformable and is excellent in tenacity and contains aluminium or titanium by 80wt% or more, preferably, 90 to 98wt% is used as a base body of a separator, the base body can endure mechanical impact since stress is relieved by elastic deformation or plastic deformation even when the stress is applied from the easily collapsing direction Electric conductivity is imparted by a layer containing a conductive carbon material formed on a base body surface Therefore, an inexpensive solid high polymer fuel cell having a separator easy to recycle can be obtained COPYRIGHT: (C)1998,JPO

直樹吉田

Papers

Image-recording apparatus

Solid polyelectrolyte type methanol fuel cell

An algebraic approach to underdetermined experiments

All-solid type secondary battery

Solid high polymer fuel cell

直樹 吉田

Papers

Image-recording apparatus

Solid polyelectrolyte type methanol fuel cell

An algebraic approach to underdetermined experiments

All-solid type secondary battery

Solid high polymer fuel cell

直樹吉田