It has become imperative for the power and energy engineers to look out for the renewable energy sources such as sun, wind, geothermal, ocean and biomass as sustainable, cost-effective and environment friendly alternatives for conventional energy sources. However, the non-availability of these renewable energy resources all the time throughout the year has led to research in the area of hybrid renewable energy systems. In the past few years, a lot of research has taken place in the design, optimization, operation and control of the renewable hybrid energy systems. It is indeed evident that this area is still emerging and vast in scope. The main aim of this paper is to review the research on the unit sizing, optimization, energy management and modeling of the hybrid renewable energy system components. Developments in research on modeling of hybrid energy resources (PV systems), backup energy systems (Fuel Cell, Battery, Ultra-capacitor, Diesel Generator), power conditioning units (MPPT converters, Buck/Boost converters, Battery chargers) and techniques for energy flow management have been discussed in detail. In this paper, an attempt has been made to present a comprehensive review of the research in this area in the past one decade.

Hybrid renewable energy systems for power generation in stand-alone applications: A review

This paper presents a review on the state-of-the-art maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques for PV power system applications. The main techniques that will be deliberated are the Perturb and Observe, Incremental Conductance and Hill Climbing. The coverage will also encompass their variations and adaptive forms. In addition, the more recent MPPT approaches using soft computing methods such as Fuzzy Logic Control, Artificial Neural Network and Evolutionary Algorithms are included. Whilst the paper provides as thorough treatment of MPPT at normal (uniform) insolation, its focus will be on the applications of the abovementioned techniques during partial shading conditions. It is envisaged that this review work will be a source of valuable information for PV professionals to keep abreast with the latest progress in this area, as well as for new researchers to get started on MPPT.

A review of maximum power point tracking techniques of PV system for uniform insolation and partial shading condition

This paper presents a load-current-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) digital controller with an adaptive-step-size and adaptive-perturbation-frequency algorithm. Only one sensor is needed in the controller circuitry since the MPPT controller is only utilizing the load current information. By utilizing a variable step-size algorithm, the speed, accuracy, and efficiency of the PV system MPPT are improved when compared to the fixed step-size load-current-based algorithm. Furthermore, the proposed adaptive algorithm utilizes a novel variable perturbation frequency scheme which further improves the controller speed. The concept and operation of the load-current adaptive-step-size and adaptive-perturbation-frequency MPPT controller are presented, analyzed, and verified by results obtained from a proof-of-concept experimental prototype.

Adaptive Step Size With Adaptive-Perturbation-Frequency Digital MPPT Controller for a Single-Sensor Photovoltaic Solar System

Maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic using incremental conductance method

Implementation of a modified incremental conductance MPPT algorithm with direct control based on a fuzzy duty cycle change estimator using dSPACE

Completing the design for the model of photovoltaic array and achieving to track the array's maximum power point by the help of Incremental Conductance Method. This article firstly introduces a practical model of photovoltaic cells, by which the photovoltaic array`s model is obtained. To achieve the maximum power point tracking the Incremental Conductance method is used. Finally, with the help of embedded MATLAB function the article succeeds to achieve the algorithm. Simulation results show the accuracy of the PV model and the practical value in the algorithm which has better tracking performance and dynamic characteristics.

The simulation and design for MPPT of PV system Based on Incremental Conductance Method

In this paper the conception, feature and Technical Composition of smart grid is expounded, and the development process and present research status of smart grid home and abroad as well as the practical significance of developing smart grid in China are introduced. The paper analyzes the characteristics and direction of China's smart grid development, and point out that the development of smart grid requires the development of many smart grid technologies and the building of grid structure, and detailed describes the realization of the self-healing function as well as distributed power generation technology.

Research on smart grid technology

The micro grid is an integrated form of distributed energy resources. The interconnection of small modular generation technologies at the medium voltage (MV) and low voltage (LV) distribution levels may affect the power system performance. This type of the networks will use the best combination of control and modeling technologies to meet the specific capacity, quality and reliability. For the MG good control, it is necessary to know dynamic behavior of the system. This paper proposes a hybrid control method for the whole micro grid and a systematic control method design of micro-sources in grid-connected mode and isolated mode are analyzed.

Research on Control of Micro Grid

In this paper, the nonlinear voltage controller is designed for Static Var Compensator(SVC) by employing the Direct Feedback Linearization(DFL) theory. It is pointed out that SVC with only voltage control is able to maintain the voltage only at its location but can not produce additional damping torque to the system. By improvement of the nonlinear SVC voltage controller ,a new signal modulation type synthetical nonlinear SVC controller has been developed. The synthetical nonlinear controller is able to produce additional damping torque obviously as well as maintain the voltage at SVC location. The digital simulation results support the analysis of the paper.

Study on nonlinear svc control for improving power system stability

Based on the basic concepts and the main methods of bifurcation theory, we introduce the dynamic bifurcation Phenomenon in the power system voltage stability analysis and the relationship between them, making a more comprehensive summary and comment about dynamic bifurcation which used in the power system voltage stability analysis currently. In the text, we discuss the Hopf bifurcation (HB), period-doubling bifurcation, torus bifurcation and homoclinic (heteroclinic) bifurcation, among them, the Hopf bifurcation is discussed elaborated. Finally, We prospect the depth areas which the bifurcation theory in the voltage stability analysis need to be further explored.

Zhou Xue-song

Papers

The simulation and design for MPPT of PV system Based on Incremental Conductance Method

Research on smart grid technology

Research on Control of Micro Grid

Study on nonlinear svc control for improving power system stability

The Comments on Dynamic Bifurcation of Voltage Stability in Power System