Showing papers by "3M published in 2000"

Multilayer film having a continuous and disperse phase

Abstract: An optical film is provided which comprises a disperse phase of polymeric particles disposed within a continuous birefringent matrix The film is oriented, typically by stretching, in one or more directions The size and shape of the disperse phase particles, the volume fraction of the disperse phase, the film thickness, and the amount of orientation are chosen to attain a desired degree of diffuse reflection and total transmission of electromagnetic radiation of a desired wavelength in the resulting film

Ceramer composition and composite comprising free radically curable fluorochemical component

Abstract: A ceramer composition is provided that comprises a plurality of colloidal inorganic oxide particles and a free-radically curable binder precursor. The free-radically curable binder precursor comprises a fluorochemical component that further comprises at least two free-radically curable moieties and at least one fluorinated moiety. By virtue of the inclusion of the fluorochemical component, the ceramer compositions of the present invention can be used to provide ceramer composites and ceramer composite structures with excellent stain, oil and/or water repellency characteristics as well as a high level of abrasion resistance and hardness.

Optical sheets suitable for spreading light

Abstract: An optical sheet (25) for spreading light has a substantially smooth surface (27), and a structured surface (28) comprising an array of prisms (30, 31). A beam of light that is to be spread is directed through the film from the smooth surface. Some of the prisms (termed 'refraction prisms') deviate normally-incident light only by refraction at a prism facet as the light leaves the film while others (termed 'reflection prisms') deviates normally-incident light by total internal reflection within the prism before the light leaves the film. There are a plurality of reflection prisms (30) selected to deviate normally-incident light through different angles and plurality of refraction prisms (31) selected to deviate the normally-incident light through different angles, and they are arranged, preferably in a non-ordered manner, so that successive reflection prisms are separated by at least one refraction prism. In alternative embodiments, the structured surface comprises an non-ordered arrangement of a plurality of reflection prisms selected to deviate normally-incident light through different angles, or a non-ordered arrangement of a plurality of refraction prisms selected to deviate normally-incident light through different angles.

Fluorine Compounds, Organic

Abstract: The article contains sections titled: 1. Introduction 2. Production Processes 2.1. Substitution of Hydrogen 2.2. Halogen - Fluorine Exchange 2.3. Synthesis from Fluorinated Synthons 2.4. Addition of Hydrogen Fluoride to Unsaturated Bonds 2.5. Miscellaneous Methods 2.6. Purification and Analysis 3. Fluorinated Alkanes 3.1. Fluoroalkanes and Perfluoroalkanes 3.2. Chlorofluoroalkanes 3.3. Bromofluoroalkanes 3.4. Iodofluoroalkanes 4. Fluorinated Olefins 4.1. Tetrafluoroethylene 4.2. Hexafluoropropene 4.3. 1,1-Difluoroethylene 4.4. Monofluoroethylene, Monofluoroethylene 4.5. 3,3,3-Trifluoropropene 4.6. 3,3,3-Trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-prop-1-ene 4.7. Chlorofluoroolefins 5. Fluorinated Alcohols 6. Fluorinated Ethers 6.1. Perfluoroethers 6.1.1. Low Molecular Mass Perfluoroethers 6.1.2. Perfluorinated Epoxides 6.1.3. High Molecular Mass Perfluoroethers 6.2. Perfluorovinyl Ethers 6.3. Partially Fluorinated Ethers 7. Fluorinated Ketones and Aldehydes 7.1. Fluoro- and Chlorofluoroacetones 7.2. Perhaloacetaldehydes 7.3. Fluorinated 1,3-Diketones 8. Fluorinated Carboxylic Acids and Fluorinated Alkanesulfonic Acids 8.1. Fluorinated Carboxylic Acids 8.1.1. FluorinatedAcetic Acids 8.1.2. Long-Chain Perfluorocarboxylic Acids 8.1.3. Fluorinated Dicarboxylic Acids 8.1.4. Tetrafluoroethylene - Perfluorovinyl Ether Copolymers with Carboxylic Acid Groups 8.2. Fluorinated Alkanesulfonic Acids 8.2.1. Perfluoroalkanesulfonic Acids 8.2.2. Fluorinated Alkanedisulfonic Acids 8.2.3. Tetrafluoroethylene - Perfluorovinyl Ether Copolymers with Sulfonic Acid Groups 9. Fluorinated Tertiary Amines 10. Aromatic Compounds with Fluorinated Side-Chains 10.1. Properties 10.2. Production 10.3. Uses 11. Ring-Fluorinated Aromatic, Heterocyclic, and Polycyclic Compounds 11.1. Mono- and Difluoroaromatic Compounds 11.1.1. Properties 11.1.2. Production 11.1.3. Uses 11.2. Highly Fluorinated Aromatic Compounds 11.3. Perhaloaromatic Compounds 11.4. Fluorinated Heterocyclic and Polycyclic Compounds 11.4.1. Ring-Fluorinated Pyridines 11.4.2. Trifluoromethylpyridines 11.4.3. Fluoropyrimidines 11.4.4. Fluorotriazines 11.4.5. Polycyclic Fluoroaromatic Compounds 12. Economic Aspects 13. Toxicology and Occupational Health 13.1. Fluorinated Alkanes 13.2. Fluorinated Olefins 13.3. Fluorinated Alcohols 13.4. Fluorinated Ketones 13.5. Fluorinated Carboxylic Acids 13.6. Other Classes

Composite treatment with LiPO3

Abstract: The present invention concerns a lithium electrochemical generator including at least one composite electrode comprising an active material and a first and second solid electrolytes non-homogeneously distributed into the composite. The first solid electrolyte is of mineral nature, vitreous or partly vitreous, and is a specific conductor of lithium ions, and is preferably localized on the surface of the particles of active materials of the electrode. The second solid electrolyte is organic, comprises a dry or gelified polymer electrolyte conducting ions surrounding the dispersed solid phases and acts as a deformable binder, preferably elastomeritically, of the composite in contact also with the collector and the separator electrolyte of the generator. A thin layer of the first electrolyte wets and coats at least a part of the surface of the active material particles to protect the coated surface of passivation or degradation reactions induced by the second electrolyte, and to maintain a good quality of ionic and electronic exchanges between the active material of the electrode and the other components of the composite, the first electrolyte being impermeable to the components of the second electrolyte.

Electroluminescent device and method for producing same

Abstract: The present invention provides an electroluminescent device (10) comprising a transparent conductive layer (11), a binder layer (12, 14) placed on the back surface of the transparent conductive layer (11), a luminescent-particle layer (13) comprising a substantially single layer of particles containing luminescent particles, which layer is applied on the back surface of the transparent conductive layer (11) through the binder layer (12), an insulating layer (15) comprising insulating particles, which is placed on the back surface of the luminescent-particle layer (13), and a rear electrode (16) placed on the back surface of the insulating layer (15), in which the luminescent particles (13) are embedded in the binder layer (12, 14), or the luminescent particles are substantially not embedded in the insulating layer (15).

Loop fastening material

Abstract: The present invention provides a loop fastening material usable as the loop portion of a hook and loop fastener, the loop fastening material comprising in order: (1) a loop layer comprising (a) a multiplicity of flexible loops of fibers having a denier of less than 15 and adapted to be releasably engaged by the complementary hook portion of the hook and loop fastener, and (b) a backing layer in which the flexible loops are anchored; and (2) a pressure sensitive adhesive layer characterised in that the loop layer comprises a silicone release composition including a reaction product of a curable composition of (i) a polydialkylsiloxane having acrylate and/or methacrylate groups and (ii) an organic compound free of silicon and comprising at least two reactive groups selected from the group consisting of an acrylate and a methacrylate group.

Electrochemical generator with composite electrode comprising two different solid electrolytes and process of manufacture

Abstract: An electrochemical power cell, having a composite electrode comprising mineral and organic solid electrolytes, is new. An electrochemical power cell has cathode and anode electrodes, one or each of which is a composite electrode comprising an active material, a current collector and mineral type and organic type solid electrolytes optionally containing a dispersed electronic conduction additive. A thin film of the mineral electrolyte wets and covers at least part of the surface of the activ material particles to protect the covered surface from passivation or degradation reactions and to maintain the quality of ion a electron exchanges between the active material and other constituents of the composite, the mineral electrolyte being impermeabl components of the organic electrolyte. Independent claims are also included for the following: (i) a composite electrode as described above, the organic solid electrolyte being in contact with the collector; and (ii) preparation of the above electrode by mixing active material particles into an aqueous solution of the mineral electrolyte, drying the solution to obtain coated powder particles, mixing the powder with an organic electrolyte and coating a current colle with the mixture.

Decorative film and its production

Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decorative film producing method capable of easily forming fine uneven patterns on a metal layer at random and a decorative film capable of showing iridescent patterns not depending on an observation direction with good reproducibility. SOLUTION: A decorative film is formed from a precursor film wherein a first resin layer 2, a second resin layer 3 with a thickness of 0.3-0.8 μm and a metal layer 4 are laminated. When the precursor film is heated at predetermined temp. for a definite time to be cooled, the second resin layer 3 is reversively expanded and contracted. At this time, the metal layer 4 closely bonded to the second resin layer 3 is plastically deformed and fine uneven patterns are formed at random. These uneven patterns function as a diffraction lattice showing iridescent patterns regardless of an observation direction.

Telecommunications collar for glass fibre cable for optional mechanical opening or closing has glass fibre reservoir cassettes between two holed plates associated with each cable

Abstract: The telecommunications collar has a number of glass fibre reservoir cassettes (12) mounted between two holed plates (7) associated with each cable input (3,4). The holed plates are adjustably mounted on rails (10), able to be fixed on the rails and accommodate the free ends of the glass fibre carrying tubes (6) in the glass fibre cable. An Independent claim is also included for a glass fibre reservoir cassette.

Device for removing torsion in optical fiber ribbons

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for removing the residual torsion in the optical fiber ribbons of an optical fiber cable of the type used in the telecommunications industry. The cable ( 1 ) comprises a central core, a plurality of substantially helical grooves located in the central core, a plurality of optical fiber ribbons ( 11 ) located inside the grooves, and an outer protective sheathing. An intermediate portion of the cable, having a fixed length, comprises respective intermediate uncut portions of exposed ribbons which have been freed from the central core and the protective sheathing. The device comprises a spool ( 20 ) adapted to be wound up with at least some of the exposed ribbon. When the ribbons are wound onto the spool, the portions of the ribbons dowstream from the spool are free from residual torsion.

Method for making an abrasive article and abrasive articles thereof

Abstract: Reaction injection molding is utilized as a method for making an abrasive article that includes supplying an effective amount of abrasive particles to at least a portion of an abrasive article mold and supplying a binder precursor matrix that includes at least two interactive components to the abrasive article mold. When the binder precursor matrix is cured, the abrasive particles are secured within a binder formed from the binder precursor matrix. An abrasive article includes a plurality of bristles including an increased amount of abrasive particles, wherein a ratio of binder to abrasive particles is at least about 1:3 by weight.

Relative motion generator

Abstract: A relative motion generator (10, 20) capable of dynamically varying an acceleration, velocity, displacement, dwell time and/or location of the dwell of a continuously moving line (11, 24) within a working region (16, 26). The relative motion generator (10, 20) is particularly suited for indexing the continuously moving line (11, 24) past one or more work stations (17, 50, 52, 54, 56). The continuously moving line (11, 24) may be either a conveyor belt, a parts handling system containing discrete components, a chain drive, or a continuous web, with or without discrete components. The relative motion generator (10, 20) includes first and second support member (13, 14, 34, 36) mounted to the slider assembly (10A, 32) adapted to support a working region (16, 26) of the continuously moving line (11, 24). A programmable actuator system (40) is adapted to move the slider assembly (10A, 32) along the translation path (18, 38) to generate a working region motion different from a nominal motion. The working region motion is the same as a nominal motion when the slider assembly (10A, 32) is stationary relative to a fixed location (17). The translation path can be circular, linear or curvilinear.

Electrophotographic color proofing element and process for making the same

Abstract: of EP0622685(a) A proofing element comprises an electrically conductive substrate bearing a photoconductive layer and an overlying removable dielectric layer comprising a coalesced film of thermoplastic polymeric resinous particles to the surface of which are adhered steric stabiliser gps. which are in coordinated association with a charge directing moiety which has a charge dissipating agent in association therewith. (b) A process for applying a removable dielectric layer to a photoconductive substrate comprises applying to a photoconductive substrate an organosol comprising a carrier liquid contg. a dispersion of thermoplastic polymeric resinous particles which have adhered to the surface steric stabiliser gps. which are in coordinated association with a charge directing moiety which has associated therewith a charge dissipating agent, and heating the organosol to remove carrier liquid and thereby coalesce the resinous particles into a continuous film. (ADV>

Method and apparatus to produce sheet material incorporating particulate matter

Abstract: not available for EP0868277Abstract of corresponding document: WO9721531Sheet material which incorporates selected particulate is produced using a blown film die (1); polymer containing the selected particulate is supplied to the die inlet so that, when the polymer is extruded through the die and expanded to form a blown film (6), the selected particulate is incorporated in the blown film; and the selected particulate is added to a part only of the polymer supplied to the die, so that the particulate will be present in only a certain part, for example a surface, of the blown film and of sheet material produced from the blown film.

Damping constructions comprising at least one layer of a viscoelastic material applied to a vibratory solid article

Abstract: not available for EP0793695Abstract of corresponding document: WO9616134Pressure sensitive adhesives, and tackified pressure sensitive adhesives, and viscoelastic materials that are the polymerization product of an acrylic acid ester of a monohydric alcohol whose homopolymer has a Tg less than 0 DEG C; a non-polar ethylenically unsaturated monomer whose homopolymer has a solubility parameter of no greater than 1050 and a Tg greater than 15 DEG C; and 0 - 5 parts by weight of a polar ethylenically unsaturated monomer whose homopolymer has a solubility parameter of greater than 1050 and a Tg greater than 15 DEG C

***WITHDRAWN PATENT AS PER THE LATEST USPTO WITHDRAWN LIST***Fused glassy particulates obtained by flame fusion

Abstract: The disclosure describes methods for producing bulk, particulate material that includes solid, generally ellipsoidal particles. Irregularly shaped feed particles with average particle sizes of up to 25 microns on a volume basis are dispersed in at least a portion of a combustible gas mixture by application of force and/or fluidizing agents. The combustible mixture with particles in suspension is then delivered, while controlling agglomeration or re-agglomeration of the particles, to at least one flame front. There, the mixture and suspended particles are uniformly distributed across the surface(s) of and passed through the flame front(s) with a high concentration of particles in the mixture. This flame front and the resultant flame(s) with suspended particles are located in at least one "wall free" zone. In such zone(s) the flame(s) may expand while the particles are maintained in dispersion and heated, with controlled and highly efficient application of heating energy. At least partial fusion occurs within at least the surfaces of the particles at high thermal efficiencies, while agglomeration of particles during fusion is inhibited.

Glasfaserreservoir-Kassette zum Einbau in eine Fernmeldemuffe

Abstract: Glasfaserreservoir-Kassette zum Einbau in eine Fernmeldemuffe und zur Aufnahme einer Mehrzahl von Wicklungen einer Glasfaser oder eines Glasfaserbundels zur Bereitstellung eines Kabelreservoirs, wobei die Glasfaser bzw. das Glasfaserbundel uber Wickelkorper gefuhrt ist, um die Unterschreitung eines vorbestimmten Krummungsradius der Glasfasern zu verhindern, und wobei die Wickelkorper relativ aufeinander zu und voneinander weg bewegbar in dem Kassettengehause angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wickelkorper (14) in einer Fuhrung gefuhrt sind, die durch eine Langlochfuhrung (21) und durch mit Druckfedern (25) bestuckten Fuhrungsstaben (22) ausgebildet ist, wobei die Wickelkorper gegen Kraft von Druckfedern (25) aufeinander zu und voneinander weg bewegbar sind.