Showing papers by "Central Economics and Mathematics Institute published in 2022"

Science Popularization as an Element of Innovative Communications

Abstract: Current problems in popularizing science are considered in their relationship with the building of the national innovation system (NIS) of Russia. It is shown that for the creation of effective innovative communications in society, an innovative culture should predominate, contributing to a positive, constructive, and active perception of new knowledge, discoveries, and inventions. The activity of popularizing science is a significant factor in the formation of an innovative culture, along with education. The contemporary tasks of popularizing science are identified and analyzed, digital tools for its implementation are presented. The role of information centers as organizers of science communication and their potential for influencing the development of the innovative culture of society is shown.

On stable flows and preflows

Abstract: In 2010s Fleiner introduced a notion of stable flows in directed networks and showed that such a flow always exists and can be found by use of a reduction to the stable allocation problem due to Baiou and Balinski. Recently Cseh and Matuschke devised a direct strongly polynomial algorithm. In this paper we give an alternative algorithm to find a stable flow in a network with several sources and sinks. It is based on an idea of preflows (appeared in 1970s in a faster algorithm for the classical max-flow problem), and runs in $O(nm)$ time for a network with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. The results are further generalized to a larger class of objects, so-called stable quasi-flows with bounded excesses in non-terminal vertices. (The paper is written in Russian.)

On assigning service life for technical systems under inflation

Abstract: A technical system is used by an enterprise that is a typical market participant to perform specific work. During operation, the operating characteristics of the system deteriorate. In case of a possible failure of the system, it is decommissioned and this causes losses for the enterprise. It turns out that it is beneficial to assign a certain service life to the system after which (if no failure has occurred) it is subject to decommissioning. We are solving the problem of optimizing this assigned service life. Usually, when solving it, inflation is not taken into account, and the optimality criteria are the average costs per unit of time and other indicators that do not fully reflect the commercial interests of the enterprise owning the system. Using the principles and methods of valuation, we build a mathematical model and propose formulas that allow us, taking into account inflation, to find the optimal assigned service life of the system and at the same time estimate the market value of the work performed by the system and calculate the change in the market value of the system with age. Moreover, in this problem, the optimality criterion is the ratio of the expected discounted costs to the expected discounted volume of work performed by the system. We show that such a criterion maximizes the market value of the enterprise owning the system. We give examples of using the constructed model. The results obtained can be used both for solving other optimization problems of the reliability theory and for practical valuation of some types of machinery and equipment.

Analiz effektivnosti regionov RF v paradigme ustoichivogo razvitiia ekonomiki

Abstract: Currently, the world economy is facing unprecedented global problems that affect both the community as a whole and individual countries and regions. However, the solution of these problems in the paradigm of sustainable economic development will not only expand existing opportunities, but also will create conditions for the application of new economic models for the gradual development of regions. We consider different methods and strategies for sustainable economic development in this article.

Creation of a Supercomputer Simulation of a Society with Different Types of Active Agents and Its Approbation

Abstract: This article continues a series of works devoted to the creation of large agent-based models, built as an artificial society, and the development of software for their implementation—the MÖBIUS design system for scalable agent-based models. The basic core of the system is a demographic model that simulates the natural movement of the population. A new stage in the development of the work discussed in this article was the creation on the basis of this core of an agent-based model of Russia, which includes families as agents of a new type, hierarchically connected with human agents. In addition, objects of a new type were introduced into the model—projects that provide for the creation in an artificial environment of analogues of complex control actions aimed at stimulating fertility. Developed on the basis of simulating the reaction of individual families to the introduced regional support measures, the model makes it possible to track their impact on key demographic indicators. The agent-based model of Russia was tested on data for a long retrospective period using the example of the launch of maternal capital programs and showed good agreement with official statistics.