Showing papers by "Chandigarh University published in 2011"
TL;DR: In this paper, the interlinkages between stock markets of Brazil, Russia, India, and China are studied for a period of 1 April 2005 to 31 March 2010. And the results of the VAR models also confirm the result of Granger's Causality model.
Abstract: Internationalization of capital markets gives opportunities to the investors to invest their money in the country of their choice, not just in their own country. The relationships between international stock markets have become increasingly important in recent times. This paper studies the inter-linkages between stock markets of Brazil, Russia, India, and China. Daily closing levels of the benchmark indices in the three countries are taken for a period of 1 April 2005 to 31 March 2010. While line charts, co integration and unit-root test are applied to check the stationary nature of the series; Granger’s causality model, Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model and Variance Decomposition Analysis are performed to find out the linkages between the markets under study. The VAR models also confirm the results of Granger’s Causality model.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of macroeconomic variables (e.g., CPI, WPI, GDP, GNI, and Rate of Interest) on the economic performance of India and Sri Lanka is analyzed.
Abstract: Macroeconomic variables (e.g. economic output, unemployment and employment, and inflation) play a vital role in the economic performance of any country. For the past three decades, evidence of key macroeconomic variables helping predict the time series of stock returns has accumulated in direct contradiction to the conclusions drawn by the Efficient Market Theory. The majority of research concentrates on the financial markets of the developed countries, which are efficient enough and do not suffer from the inefficiency problems found in less developed countries. Considering this matter, the subject of financial markets in developing countries still needs lengthy analysis and more research attention. This research studies the pattern of CPI, WPI, GDP, GNI and Rate of interest in India and Sri Lanka for the year 2002-2009 while also analyzing the impact of macro-economic variable on GDP growth in India vis-a-vis Sri Lanka. The econometrics tools (e.g. unit root test, Granger Causality Test, cointegration test, vector auto regression, Variance decomposition, and Variance Decomposition Analysis) have been used for the analysis purpose.
13 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, Ananth Krishnan, chief technology officer of Tata Consultancy Services, has said that the jugaad mindset is crucial and the most economical way to do task or a particular work.
Abstract: "The jugaad mindset is crucial. It's not just jargon." says Ananth Krishnan, chief technology officer of Tata Consultancy Services. Jugaad or Indigenous innovation is the tool not a jargon it is the basically a mindset of the innovator. In which he used his/her skills and traits to make things in productive way. Jugaad is the most economical way to do task or a particular work. In India there is huge problem of employment in rural as well in urban areas jugaad is the new opportunity to those youth who has some new ideas and they are willing to do the work this provide self employment to the youth in their own areas or regions it also helps in inclusive growth of the India. This study will find the scope of the indigenous innovations (Jugaad’s) and work towards the patent of the technology so that everyone can use these as per in Indian rural areas the scarcity is more for employment as well as for resources. We used the case study method for the evaluation. The cases are taken from different parts of rural India.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of opening of the organized retail stores on the unorganized retail, farmers and consumer is investigated. And the study reveals that the Punjab retail sector is undergoing a sea change now as many retail investor open their retail store and running successfully.
Abstract: The study aims to check the effect of opening of the organized retail stores on the unorganized retail, farmers and consumer. It further attempts to find that how much is the economy of Punjab affected by growing of retail sector. The study revealed the changing patterns of the Indian retail industry with special reference to Punjab. The data is collected through the help of questioner filled from retailers as well as customers. The statistical tools i.e. descriptive statistics, regression, kurtosis, skewness used for the evaluation purpose. The study reveals that the Punjab retail sector is undergoing a sea change now as many retail investor open their retail store and running successfully and some other big players are ready to invest in the retail sector in Punjab and the future of organized retail is quite good in big cities.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of the performance appraisal on an individual as well as on the organizations has been examined and the data used for the study is primary data collected through the help of questionnaire filled by the samples.
Abstract: Performance Appraisal has been considered as the most significant an indispensable tool for an organization, for an organization, for the information it provides is highly useful in making decisions regarding various personnel aspects such as promotion and merit increases. Performance measures also link information gathering and decision making processes which provide a basis for judging the effectiveness of personnel sub-divisions such as recruiting, selection, training and compensation. This research will concentrate on examine the effect of the performance appraisal on an individual as well as on the organizations. The sample size of 100 has been chosen from the north Indian states. The data used for the study is primary data collected through the help of questionnaire filled by the samples. The data was evaluated with the help of statistical tools i.e., descriptive statistics, regression, correlation, residual analysis and chi square test. The findings of the research show that there is a noticeable effect of the performance appraisal on the organization as well as on the Individual.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors study the effect of employee involvement in decision making on the production process and the morale of an employee in an organization, and find that the employee involvement is a process to make the employees feel that they are not just an worker of the organization but an important part of the machinary.
Abstract: An employee is the most important asset for any organization. No organization can servive without the dedicated employees. Employee involvement in decision making is a process to make the employees feel that they are not just an worker of the organization but an important part of the machinary. The prsent research will study the eefect of the employee involvement on the organization as well as on the motivation level of the employee. The sample size of 100 has been chosen from North Indian cities. The data used for the study is primary data collected with the help of questionnaire filled by the samples. The findings of the reports shows a visible effect of the employee involvement in decision making on the production process as well as on the morale of employee. The statistical tools dicriptive statistics, regression, Chi square test used for the purpose of evaluation.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used regression and econometric models to find out the cause and effect relationship between advertisement expenditure and sales in manufacturing companies of India, taking 5-year data of ten manufacturing companies.
Abstract: The present study builds on the literature already available on the inter-linkages between advertisement and sales by focusing on India. The data used in the study is the secondary data taken from the annual reports of the company and the then the statistical tools i.e. mean, median, std. deviation, regression, kurtosis, skewness used for the evaluation purpose. The study uses regression and econometric models in order to find out the cause and effect relationship between advertisement expenditure and sales. Taking 5 year data of ten manufacturing companies of India, we present their descriptive statistics, regression, unit root test, Vector Auto Regression, and Variance decomposition. Except for VAR model, rest of the tools used (Regression and Variance decomposition) clearly show that there is a significant relationship between advertisement expenditure and sales.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the effect of the computer and internet on the education of rural students in North India and found that the impact of these technologies on teaching and learning has not been investigated.
Abstract: Education changed a lot after the introduction of computer and internet. A review of literature relating to this in both Australia and internationally shows that whilst there is a significant body of theoretical and anecdotal literature relating to the benefits of using such technologies there has not been many rigorous and systematic studies that have investigated their impact on teaching and learning (Bennett & Lockyer,1999). The present research will evaluate the effect of the computer and internet on the education. It will also investigate the effect of these on the rural students. We have chosen the sample size of 100 from North India (Ludhiana, Chandigarh, Patiala & Jalandhar). We had chosen 50 students and 50 teachers. The study mainly concentrates in north India and the schools and colleges, which are in north India. There are many government and private schools and colleges from which the data is collected. The data used for the research is the primary data collected with the help of the questionnaire filled by the samples. The statistical tools used for data analysis are disruptive statistics, correlation, regression, chi square.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of value added services on the consumer while selecting particular cellular services was evaluated and the results showed that the VAS is a very important factor which affects the customers which they opting for a particular cellular service and the factors like usage in roaming, time of usage, GPS and satisfaction level of customer are important.
Abstract: The present study evaluates the impact of value added services on the consumer while selecting particular cellular services. The primary data has been used for the purpose of study, which has been collected with the help of questionnaire. The past researches have evaluated the consumer perception about telecom industry and the voice services. The present research will study the effect of the VAS on the consumer. There is a need of study for this subject. The tools used for the analysis are descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, t test. The findings of the research shows that the VAS is a very important factor which affects the customers which they opting for a particular cellular service and the factors like usage in roaming, time of usage, GPS and satisfaction level of customer are important.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the relationship between advertisement expenditure, sales revenue and the profits of companies, which are listed in the National Stock Exchange (NSE), and found that there is a visible impact of the previous years sales on the sale of current year as well as the sale impact the advertisement and profit as well.
Abstract: The present study evaluates the relationship between advertisement expenditure, sales revenue and the profits of companies, which are listed in the National Stock Exchange (NSE). In the past researchers evaluated the impact of sales on advertisement or sales. The present research will study the impact of the advertisement expenditure, sales revenue and the profits on each other. There is a need of this study. The tools used for the analysis are descriptive statistics, unit root test, granger causality, VAR (Vector Auto Regression) and Variance Decomposition. The findings of the research shows that there is a visible impact of the previous years sales on the sale of current year as well as the sale impact the advertisement and profit as well. On the other hand the profit impacts the advertisement.
2 citations
TL;DR: This research evaluates the impact of SEO on the advertisements of a firm using statistical tools such as Correlation, Regression, Anova, and Chi-Square test.
Abstract: Search Engine Optimization (SEO) considers how search engines work, what people search for, the actual search terms typed into search engines and which search engines are preferred by their targeted audience. Optimizing a website may involve editing its content and HTML and associated coding to increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of search engines. Promoting a website to increase the number of back links, or inbound links, is another SEO tactic. The initialism "SEO" can refer to "search engine optimizers," a term adopted by an industry of consultants who carry out optimization projects on behalf of clients, and by employees who perform SEO services in-house. Search engine optimizers may offer SEO as a stand-alone service or as a part of a broader marketing campaign. This research evaluates the impact of SEO on the advertisements of a firm. The sample size for the research is 100 managers from different IT companies of north India. The statistical tools we used for evaluation are Correlation, Regression, Anova, and Chi-Square test.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the linkage between the motivation and performance and found that not only Motivation cans influence performance, but performance can also influence motivation, they used the tools used for the data analysis are, Descriptive statistics, Regression analysis and Chi square test.
Abstract: This research will investigate the linkage between the motivation and performance. Robert1983 said that not only Motivation cans influence performance, but performance can also influence motivation. The sample size of 100 has been chosen from North India (Ludhiana, Chandigarh, Patiala, and Amritsar. The sample size for this study ia 100. The study mainly concentrates in North Indian institutes i.e., GNI, MOHINDERA, CGC GNDU. The primary data is used for the purpose of evaluation in the present research. The tools we used for the data analysis are, Descriptive statistics, Regression analysis and Chi square test.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the customer perception and expectation of mobile number portability (MNP) and selected 50 cellular service providers and 50 customers from north Indian cities (Ludhiana, Chandigarh, Ambala & Patiala).
Abstract: The present research paper evaluates the customer perception and expectation from MNP. “Mobile Number Portability” means the facility, which allows a subscriber to retain his mobile telephone number when he moves from one cellular service Provider to another irrespective of the mobile technology or from one cellular mobile technology to another of the same Access Provider. The mobile portability is the process to change the mobile company without changing your mobile number. We had chosen the sample size of 100 for this study. The samples has been chosen from north Indian cities (Ludhiana, Chandigarh, Ambala & Patiala).We had chosen 50 cellular service providers and 50 customers. The study mainly concentrates in north India and the companies, which are available and popular in the north India. For example Airtel, Vodafone, Aircel, Tata etc. The tools used for the evaluation are descriptive statistics, Regression, Chi square test.
TL;DR: In this article, the satisfaction level of the farmers of Punjab regarding contract farming and compare the companies involved in the contract farming has been evaluated and presented with the help of graphs, tables, Mean, Standard deviation.
Abstract: The contracting of crops has existed from time immemorial. In ancient Greece the practice was widespread, with specified percentages of particular crops being a means of paying tithes, rents and debts.1 during the first century, China also recorded various forms of sharecropping. In the United States as recently as the end of the nineteenth century, sharecropping agreements allowed for between one-third and one-half of the crop to be deducted for rent payment to the landowner. The present studies have been concentrate on the satisfaction level of the farmers of Punjab regarding the contract farming and compare the companies involve in the contract farming. The sample size of 100 farmers has been chosen from the different region of the Punjab and data collected with the help of structured questionnaire filled by the samples. The data has been evaluated and presented with the help of graphs, tables, Mean, Standard deviation. The data presented in the percentage for the findings of the evaluation with the help of tables and figures.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the effect of temporary price discounts on the brand image by taking the garments brands of north India as sample and did a survey of 100 samples from the different cities of the north Indian states Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh.
Abstract: Brand image is the current view of the customers about a brand. It can be defined as a unique bundle of associations within the minds of target customers. It signifies what the brand presently stands for. It is a set of beliefs held about a specific brand. In short, it is nothing but the consumers’ perception about the product. It is the manner in which a specific brand is positioned in the market. Massy and Frank (1965) investigated the short term effects of temporary price discounts and found that both brand-loyal and non-loyal buyers responded to a discount promotion. Present research studied the effect of the discounting on the brand image by taking the garments brands of north India as sample. We did a survey of 100 samples from the different cities of the north Indian states Punjab, Haryana and Himachal Pradesh. The tools we used for the analysis purpose are Descriptive statistics, Correlation, Regression, Anova and Chi square test.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors built on the literature already available on financial data of the companies in India and tested out the usefulness of the technical analysis in predicting the future market trends.
Abstract: The study builds on the literature already available on financial data of the companies in India. The study tests out the usefulness of the technical analysis in predicting the future market trends. The study takes 15 companies as recommended by the analysts in the smart investor of the business standard newspaper for the month of January 2010. We took their current price on the recommended day and the target price given by the analysts on the recommended day and have further taken the highest and the lowest months in the following two months that is January and February and see the recommendations given by the analysts to the investors to buy or to sell the securities actually comes out to be profitable or not. We use mean, regression and t-test to prove the results.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate the overall effect of human resource management on the organization as well as on the individual working in the organization and also try to find out the challenges for the HR managers.
Abstract: HRM is involved in managing the human resources with a focus on expanding customer base that gives profit to the company. The bottom line of the company is the focus of the HRM department as well as the function. Organization performance is better in the companies where there is congruency between national culture and human resources practice. The present research will investigate the overall effect of Human Resource Management on the organization as well as on the individual working in the organization. Report will also try to find out the challenges for the HR managers. The sample size of 100 has been taken from North Indian cities. The tools used for the evaluation purpose are Descriptive Statistics, Correlation, Regression, Chi square test.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate whether the organizations using Corporate Social Responsibility with the motive of social welfare or with the motivation of business strategy of expansion and promotion, and find that CSR provides a number of benefits to society and business and that there is no universally accepted definition of CSR so it is interchangeably used with corporate citizenship, corporate responsibility, or social action program.
Abstract: CSR provides a number of benefits to society and business. There doesn’t exist any universally accepted definition of CSR so it is interchangeably used with corporate citizenship, corporate responsibility, or social action program. We can list the following factors for the rapid growth of CSR. This research will investigate whether the organizations using Corporate Social Responsibility with the motive of social welfare or with the motive of business strategy of expansion and promotion. The sample size for the study is 100 and it have been selected form the North India (Chandigarh, Ambala, Ludhiana, Mandi Gobindhgarh and Khanna). We interviewed the managers and supervisors working in the different organization and taken their views about the CSR using by other organization. Primary data have been used for the research. The statistical tools, i.e., Descriptive statistics, Regression and Chi square test have been used for the evaluation purpose.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of advertising laws on the organizations and on the product of children's television has been investigated and a sample size of 100 has been chosen from the north Indian cities i.e., Ludhiana, Chandigarh, Kurukshetra and Ambala.
Abstract: Every company must have to follow the advertising laws to promote its products. The degree of impact of advertising on adults may be problematic but the outcome is devastating for children. Advertisers of children's television used to appeal to the parents earlier but now they appeal directly to children - who do not have the emotional or cognitive tools to evaluate what's being sold to them. Television is no more just a source of entertainment for children. The present research will investigate the effect of the advertisement laws on the organizations and on the product. The sample size of 100 has been chosen from the north Indian cities i.e., Ludhiana, Chandigarh, Kurukshetra and Ambala. Data used for this research is primary data collected through the help of the questionnaire filled from the samples. The statistical tools i.e., Discriptive statistics, Regression, Correlation and Chi square test has been used for the purpose of evaluation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the qualitative effect of human resource management on the overall organization, including workers and managers working in the organizations, has been studied. But, the study mainly concentrates in north India and the data used for the research is the primary data collected with the help of questionnaire filled by the samples.
Abstract: The advantage of a strong HR department is employees who are happier, more trustful, and more prone to stay with the company. Furthermore, a strong HR department ensures the selection of employees, who will fit into our set of values and vision. The present study will concentrate on the qualitative effect of the Human Resource Management on the overall organization, which includes the workers and the managers working in the organizations. The sample size of 100 has been chosen from the north Indian cities (Ludhiana, Chandigarh, and Patiala & Ambala). 50 employees and 50 managers have been chosen as the sample. The study mainly concentrates in north India. The data used for the research is the primary data collected with the help of the questionnaire filled by the samples. The statistical tools i.e., Descriptive statistics, Regression and chi square test used for the purpose of evaluation.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate whether virtual organizations are a relief or a headache for the managers and other employees in the automotive, IT/electronics and Telecoms service provision.
Abstract: Virtual organizations are beginning to emerge and develop, the market conditions are right; the technology is there along with the drive to do it. The appearance of true virtual organizations will take time to appear; it may occur in a phased approach and develop out of many industries. The automotive, IT/electronics and Telecoms service provision appear to be the most likely industries to exploit virtual organization dynamics. This research will investigate whether the virtual organizations are a relief or headache for the managers and other employees. The sample size of 100 chosen from North Indian cities, i.e., Chadigarh, Mohali, Panchkula, Ludhiana & Patiala. The data is used for the research collected with the help of questionnaire filled by the chosen samples. The tools used for the analysis of data are, descriptive statistics, regression, chi square test.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the effect of drip marketing on the advertisement and evaluated there responses by using the testing tools i.e. Mean, Median, Standard deviation, Correlation, Regression and Chi square.
Abstract: Drip marketing is also a new phase of e-marketing. Drip Marketing is a communication strategy that sends, or "drips," a pre-written set of messages to customers or prospects over time. These messages often take the form of E-mail marketing, although other media can also be used. The advantages of drip marketing include the automation and efficiency, as well as the continued ability for direct response. Intelligent e-commerce sites, for example Dell, have integrated this form of drip campaign with un-purchased shopping carts. The continued messaging should have relevant data for which consumer is looking for, and continue to include direct response actions such as buy now. Present study evaluates the effect of drip marketing on the advertisement. We chosen the sample size of 100 from north Indian consumers and evaluates there responses by using the testing tools i.e. Mean, Median, Standard deviation, Correlation, Regression and Chi square.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the linkages between advertisement spending and sales in the case of thirty nine manufacturing companies from the Fortune 500 and found that there is a significant relationship between advertisement expenditure and sales.
Abstract: Advertising is an important tool of marketing as it helps the business in achieving the competitive advantage by selling its products and overcoming the rivals. Companies spend money on the advertisements in order to make sure that the masses are aware of their products, features and advantages over those of the competitors. The present study builds on the literature already available by studying the linkages between advertisement spending and sales in the case of thirty nine manufacturing companies from the Fortune 500. The data used in the study is the secondary data taken from the annual reports of the companies. The study uses statistical tools including mean, median, std. deviation, regression, kurtosis, skewness and various econometric models. Taking six years data of thirty nine manufacturing companies, we present their descriptive statistics, regression, unit root test, Vector Auto Regressive, and Variance decomposition. Except for Vector Auto Regressive model, rest of the tools used clearly show that there is a significant relationship between advertisement expenditure and sales.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of technological changes on the organization as well as on the employees working in organizations is studied, where the authors asked respondents about management policies on technology, the extent and form of consultations with the affected staff, and the degree of acceptance of new technology encountered over recent years.
Abstract: This research will study the effect of the technological changes on the organization as well as on the employees working in organizations. The PSI surveys on use of microelectronics in industry have shown that the introduction of new technology has met very little resistance from shop floor workers, management or other groups within user factories. In order to find out more about the management of change involving microelectronics applications, we asked respondents about management policies on technology, the extent and form of consultations with the affected staff, and the degree of acceptance of new technology encountered over recent years. The sample size for this study is 10 and selected from the North Indian cities, Ambala, Amritsar, Fatehgarh sahib, Kurukshetra, Rajpura, Sirhind and Patiala. The data used for the study is primary data. The tools used for the analysis purpose are descriptive statistics, Regression analysis and chi square test.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated customer perception towards services provided by the cellular companies and checked the satisfaction level of the customers with the service they are using using the sample size used for this research is 100 and the samples are chosen from north India (Chandigarh, Mohali, Kharar, Sirhind and Gobindgarh) region viz.
Abstract: In India cellular service were made available to the public after liberalization of telecom policy way back in1994. Since then ever operator in the cellular services sector has been vying to after of range of a new services. The present research investigated customer perception towards services provided by the cellular companies and checks the satisfaction level of the customers with the service they are using. The sample size used for this research is 100 and the samples are chosen from north India (Chandigarh, Mohali. Kharar, Sirhind and Gobindgarh) region viz. Airtel, Vodafone, BSNL, Reliance, Spice and others was taken into consideration. The statistical tools i.e., Standard deviation, Z test are used for the purpose of data evaluation.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the strength of the BRIC currencies and compared the currency movements of BRIC nations for the past one year beginning from March 2008 to February 2009, using the statistical tools: mean, median mode, range and RSI.
Abstract: BRIC or BRICs is an acronym that refers to the fast growing developing economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and China. The acronym was first coined and prominently used by the bank holding company Goldman Sachs in 2001. Goldman Sachs argued that, since they are developing rapidly, by 2050 the combined economies of the BRICs could eclipse the combined economies of the current richest countries of the world. Goldman Sachs argues that the economic potential of Brazil, Russia, India, and China is such that they may become among the four most dominant economies by the year 2050. In this research, we study the strength of the BRIC currencies. The analysis compares the currency movements of BRIC nations. The exchange rates have been collected from the central banks of the respective nations for the past one year beginning from March 2008 to February 2009. The data used for the research is the secondary data taken from the Reports about BRIC economies, Magazines and from the government sites of the countries. We used the statistical tools: mean, median mode, range and RSI to analyze the data.
TL;DR: In this article, a study of 111 investment bankers registered with SEBI on 30th October 2008, depending on the availability of data 10 non bank investment bankers were selected for study.
Abstract: Investment banking is a particular form of banking which finances capital requirements of enterprises. Investment banking assists as it performs IPO’s, private placement and bond offerings, acts as broker and carries through mergers and acquisitions. son of banking encompassing business entities dealing with creation of capital for other companies. The present condition of the investment banking in India and also evaluate the future scope. . Out of the total 111 investment bankers registered with SEBI on 30th October 2008, depending on the availability of data 10 non bank investment bankers were selected for study. Various tools (Graphs, tables) have been used to depict their growth trends and a study of their financial statements show their profitability and liquidity position. Only secondary data was collected for meeting the objectives of the study. Data was collected the web site of SEBI and the companies with the help of internet in the form of text and financial statements of investment bankers. The data has been evaluated with the help of statistical tools i.e., Trend analysis, Ratio analysis.