Showing papers by "Ciena published in 1995"

Optical monitoring channel for wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system

Abstract: The present invention provides a wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system which includes an optical monitoring channel which is capable of surviving the failure of an optical amplifier. The optical communication system comprises a plurality of optical transmitters which optically communicate with an optical waveguide which carries the multiplexed optical transmission signal. At least one multiple-stage optical amplifier having at least first and second stages is positioned along said optical waveguide. The optical amplifier includes a first and second stages comprising doped fibers having a first gain wavelength band. An optical connecting element having a plurality of ports is positioned between the first and second stages. At least one of an optical monitoring signal transmitter and an optical monitoring signal receiver optical communicates with at least one port of the optical connecting element such that the optical monitoring signal passes through at least one of the first and second stages of the optical amplifier. The optical monitoring signal wavelength is selected to be greater than the longest wavelength of the first gain wavelength band such that the optical monitoring signal is not substantially attenuated by an unpumped optical amplifier. Therefore, in the event of a pump failure to at least a portion of an optical amplifier, the optical monitoring signal will still be transmitted through the that portion of the amplifier without substantial attenuation. In this manner, a wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system is provided with optical monitoring channels which do not occupy a portion of the amplifier gain spectrum and which can survive the failure of an optical amplifier.

WDM optical communication system with remodulators

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical communication system capable of placing incoming information-bearing optical signals onto plural optical signal channels for transmission over an optical waveguide. The optical system includes plural optical transmission elements, each transmission element emitting an information-bearing optical signal at a first transmission wavelength. Plural optical receiving systems are provided, each receiving system configured to receive an information-bearing optical signal at a particular reception wavelength. Each receiving system includes an optical filtering member comprising at least one Bragg grating member for selecting the particular reception wavelength. An optical waveguide optically communicates with each of the receiving systems for transmitting a plurality of optical signals. A plurality of optical amplifiers are positioned along the optical waveguide for amplifying plural optical signals simultaneously. A plurality of optical remodulators optically communicates with the optical transmission elements and the optical waveguide. Each optical remodulator is configured to receive an information-bearing optical signal at a transmission wavelength and output an information-bearing optical signal at a reception wavelength corresponding to a channel wavelength of the optical communication system. Each optical remodulator includes an optoelectronic element for receiving an information-bearing optical signal at a transmission wavelength and outputting a corresponding electrical signal which includes the information from the transmission information-bearing optical signal. The remodulator further includes an optical carrier emitting element comprising a light source for transmitting a non-information-bearing carrier optical signal at a reception wavelength. The remodulator additionally comprises an external modulator for imparting information directly onto the carrier optical signal from the electrical Signal. In this manner, incoming transmission signals are placed on the particular optical signal channels employed in the WDM system.

Dynamically reconfigurable WDM optical communication systems with optical routing systems

Abstract: The present invention provides reconfigurable wavelength division multiplexed systems which include configurable optical routing systems. Through the use of the configurable optical routing systems, optical channel traffic patterns may be flexibly and dynamically determined based on overall system conditions at any particular time. In one embodiment, a dynamically reconfigurable wavelength selector system for a wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system is provided. An optical transfer system includes an input port for receiving at least one of N optical channels from an optical transmission medium. An optical switch is coupled to a first output port of the optical transfer system and includes an optical filter comprised of at least one Bragg grating configured to reflect at least one optical channel toward the optical transfer system on a first switch path and a transmission medium for transmitting the N optical channels on a second switch path. The reflected optical channel exits the optical transfer system through the second output port. In another aspect, the present invention provides a wavelength division multiplexed communication system with optical cross-connects for routing selected optical traffic between a pair of optical paths. Plural optical transfer systems are provided which optically communicate with at least two optical transmission lines. Optical filters are provided such that the optical channels which are not reflected by the filter cross over to the opposite optical transmission line. The optical cross-connects are used as wavelength-selective crosspoints to create blocking or non-blocking switching networks.

Expandable wavelength division multiplexed optical communications systems

Abstract: The present invention provides wavelength division multiplexed optical communication systems configured for expansion with additional optical signal channels. In one embodiment, the WDM system comprises N source lasers for producing N optical signal channels, each channel having a unique wavelength where N is a whole number greater than or equal to 2. An optical multiplexer module having N+x inputs, where x is a whole number greater than or equal to 1, optically communicates with each of the N source lasers. The N+x input ports of the multiplexer are configured such that the N input ports are optically coupled to the N source lasers and the x input ports are supplemental ports not optically coupled to the N source lasers. An optical transmission path optically communicates with the multiplexer for carrying a multiplexed optical signal comprising the N optical signal channels. N optical channel selecting modules are provided, each selecting module including a Bragg grating configured to select a unique optical channel wavelength. An optical splitter module optically communicates with the optical transmission path and the optical channel selecting modules. The optical splitter includes N+y output ports, where y is a whole number greater than or equal to 1. The N+y output ports are configured such that each of the N output ports is optically coupled to one of the N optical channel selecting modules and the y output ports are supplemental ports not optically coupled to the N optical channel selecting modules.

Wavelength division multiplexed optical communication systems employing uniform gain optical amplifiers

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system which includes optical amplifiers having substantially uniform gain in the spectral region from 1540 to 1560 nm. The WDM optical communication system includes an optical transmission line optically communicating with plural optical signal sources for carrying a wavelength division multiplexed optical communication signal. At least one optical amplifier is positioned in the optical transmission line for amplifying the wavelength division multiplexed optical communication signal. The amplifier has at least two amplifier stages. The first amplifier stage includes a first length of rare-earth doped optical fiber and the second amplifier stage includes a second length of rare-earth doped optical fiber. At least one passive optical component is positioned between the first and second amplifier stages selected from optical isolators, optical filters, optical circulators, Bragg gratings, and wavelength division multiplexers. A first optical pump which outputs a pump signal at a first wavelength optically communicates with the first amplifier stage and a second optical pump which outputs a second pump signal at a second wavelength optically communicates with the second amplifier stage. The first and second lengths of the rare-earth-doped optical fiber and the first and second optical pump signals are selected such that the gain of the first amplifier stage has a first gain slope within the spectral region of the multiplexed optical signal and the second amplifier stage has a second gain slope within the spectral region of the multiplexed optical signal. The first and second gain slopes are configured such that the composite of the first gain slope and the second gain slope produces a substantially constant gain within a spectral region from 1540 to 1560 nm.

Optical amplifier systems with add/drop multiplexing

Abstract: The present invention relates to optical amplifier systems which include optical add/drop multiplexing capabilities. The optical amplifier system includes a first optical circulator with at least three circulator ports. An optical transmission fiber optically communicates with the first circulator port for transporting a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical transmission signal. A section of optically amplifying rare-earth doped fiber amplifies the WDM optical transmission signal input to the first circulator port. A wavelength-selecting optical fiber including at least one in-fiber Bragg grating for selectively reflecting an optical signal of a particular wavelength from the WDM optical signal optically communicates with the second circulator port. The optical amplifier system further includes a second optical circulator with at least three optical circulator ports, one of which communicates with the wavelength-selecting optical fiber. Another of the optical ports optically communicates with an optical fiber transmitting optical signals to be added to the WDM optical transmission signal.

Method for removing and inserting optical carriers in a WDM optical communication system

Abstract: An optical cable television system provides a large channel capacity and uses shared resources, whereby the more expensive hardware is shared over a large number of customers so as to minimize the cost per customer. A video switch network is provided which minimizes the temptation of subscribers to pirate signals since pay per view or on demand signals are provided only upon request of someone within a node corresponding to a neighborhood. An on demand program center continuously plays programs, such as movies, at time-staggered starts such that any subscriber will have only very minimal delays before seeing a particular program which is requested. A tuneable optical filter is provided in order to switch video signals onto an optical fiber going to the node in a particular neighborhood. An arrangement uses in-fiber grating in order to remove and insert different optical frequencies. Local insertion of various program sources, such as local commercials, is accomplished effectively by making such insertion at a relatively high point in the video distribution chain. An interface arrangement to provide on demand video signals to telephone company twisted pair wires is utilized.