Showing papers by "Kaiser Aluminum published in 2013"
08 Apr 2013
TL;DR: In this article, two briquetted variants of said potlining are examined: KARBRIK containing ~30% C = carbon and ~12% F = fluoride, and Kalbrik containing ~4% C and 19% F, respectively, compared with a commercial high grade SPAR material containing virtually no C and ~45% F.
Abstract: A study is described wherein spent potlining (from the aluminum industry) is tested as a flux in making alloy steel in an electric arc furnace. Two briquetted variants of said potlining are examined: KARBRIK containing ~30% C = carbon and ~12% F = fluoride, and KALBRIK containing ~4% C and 19% F, respectively. These products are compared with a commercial high grade “SPAR” material containing virtually no C and ~45% F.
3 citations
08 Apr 2013
TL;DR: The U. S. Bureau of Mines, by means of a contract with Kaiser Engineers and with Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation as a subcontractor, has sponsored a technological and an economic evaluation of six candidate processes for the manufacture of alumina from certain U.S. raw materials other than bauxite.
Abstract: The U. S. Bureau of Mines, by means of a contract with Kaiser Engineers and with Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation as a subcontractor, has sponsored a technological and an economic evaluation of six candidate processes for the manufacture of alumina from certain U. S. raw materials other than bauxite. This paper describes each process. Flow diagrams and the total energy requirement for each process are included. Important characteristics affecting the economics of producing alumina by each process are discussed, and some presently unsolved technical problems are identified. The extraction of alumina from clay via hydrochloric acid with iron separation by solvent extraction, and the crystallization of intermediate AlCl3·6H2O through the introduction of HCl gas into the pregnant mother liquor, appears to be technically feasible and the most attractive of the six raw material/process combinations.
3 citations
Patent•
19 Apr 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, an ultra-thick high strength aluminum alloy, comprising 7.5 to 8.4 wt. % Zn, 1.6 to 2.3 wt % Mg, and 0.05 to 0.15 wt% Zr, is presented.
Abstract: The present invention is directed to an ultra-thick high strength aluminum alloy, comprising 7.5 to 8.4 wt. % Zn, 1.6 to 2.3 wt. % Mg, 1.4 to 2.1 wt. % Cu, and 0.05 to 0.15 wt. % Zr. This alloy can be fabricated to produce 2-10 inch thick plate, extrusion or forging products, and is especially suitable for aerospace structural components, especially large commercial airplane wing structure applications. The aluminum product has a minimum yield strength of [75 ksi - 0.8 x (thickness in inch - 3.94 inch)] in LT direction and [76 ksi - 0.8 x (thickness in inch - 3.94 inch)] in L direction for more than 2 inch thick product in T7651 temper. Besides strength, product provides necessary damage tolerance performance as well as corrosion resistance performance suitable for aerospace application.
2 citations
08 Apr 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of cell temperature, bath, ratio, and alumina concentration on aluminum reduction cells' fluoride emission rate was investigated with 10,000 amp reduction cells with prebaked anodes.
Abstract: Results are described of experiments aimed at obtaining a better understanding of factors affecting fluoride emission from, aluminum reduction cells. The general nature of fume generation is considered with the emphasis placed on the effeet of cell operating variables on fluoride emission rate. The study, carried out with 10,000 amp experimental reduction cells with prebaked anodes, has shown that cell temperature, bath, ratio, and alumina concentration are the most important factors affecting fluoride emission rate. Gaseous hydrogen fluoride generation results principally from the reaction of molten or vaporized bath materials with moisture in the air and hydrocarbons in the carbon anodes. Relatively little hydrogen, fluoride is formed from the reaction with moisture in the alumina fed to the cells. The large number of variables involved in aluminum reduction cell operation mate it difficult to establish with a high degree of certainty the correlation of operating factors with fluoride emission. This difficulty exists even with small-scale experimental reduction cells operated by research personnel.
2 citations
08 Apr 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the number of stages becomes the exponent in the term which sets the ratio of concentration differences at the terminals in a multistage countercurrent system and imperfect mixing is accommodated.
Abstract: Mud washing variables are equated in a manner which simplifies the calculation of multistage countercurrent systems. Imperfect mixing is accommodated. In a simplified case, the number of stages becomes the exponent in the term which sets the ratio of concentration differences at the terminals.
1 citations