Showing papers by "Nalco Holding Company published in 1993"

Inhibiting polymerization of vinyl aromatic monomers

Abstract: The polymerization of a vinyl aromatic compound, such as styrene, during distillation or purification is very effectively inhibited by the presence of at least one stable nitroxyl compound together with at least one aromatic nitro compound.

Class of polymeric adhesives for yankee dryer applications

Abstract: The invention provides a method for manufacturing tissue paper. According to the method, a yankee dryer adhesive composition is applied to a metal surface of a drying drum. The yankee dryer adhesive composition preferably includes from about 1 to about 100 mole percent vinylamine and from about 1 to about 99 of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of vinylformamide, vinyl acetate and vinyl alcohol. The yankee dryer adhesive composition is contacted with a continuous paper web. The continuous paper web is then dried. The dry continuous paper web is creped with a metal blade to form tissue paper.

Method for removing metals from a fluid stream

Abstract: A method is provided for removing metals from a fluid stream containing these metals. The method involves treating the fluid stream with a water soluble ethylene dichloride ammonia polymer having a molecular weight of from 500 to 100,000 that contains at least 5 mole percent of dithiocarbamate salt groups to form a complex with the metals. Then, the fluid stream is passed through a filtering device to remove the complexes from the fluid stream.

Method for clarifying wastewater containing surfactants

Abstract: A method and apparatus for recovering oil and clarifying waste water from an oil field are disclosed. The method includes the step of treating the waste water with an aqueous de-emulsifying agent comprising wattle tannin, an inorganic coagulant and a synthetic polymer flocculant to destabilize the oil emulsion and rapidly agglomerate the oil particles formed thereby. Efficiency of the present de-emulsifying agent permits use of flotation equipment for rapid clean-up of the waste water and obviates the need for large settling pits.

Leak detection and responsive treatment in industrial water processes

Abstract: Leakage is detected between a process fluid and a temperature-conditioning fluid, or from a process fluid to a temperature-conditioning fluid, in an industrial process. The industrial process includes an A and a B fluid, and one of the A and B fluids receives heat from or transfer heat to the other of the A and the B fluids by an indirect contact method, and one but not both of the A and the B fluids is an industrial process fluid. At least one specie of tracer chemical is maintained in the A fluid, and that specie of tracer chemical is not a normal component of the B fluid. At least one of the A and the B fluids is subjected to at least one analysis at least one site. Such analysis at least detects the presence of the specie of tracer chemical when the fluid subjected to the analysis is the B fluid, and such analysis at least determines the concentration of the specie of tracer chemical when the fluid subjected to the analysis is the A fluid.

Seed process for salt dispersion polymer

Abstract: A novel dispersant system is disclosed for use in forming dialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acylamide polymer dispersions.

Method and apparatus for dispersing or dissolving particles of a pelletized material in a liquid

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for dispersing or dissolving a pelletized material in a liquid, in which a pelletized material is placed on a platform in a container having a lower chamber portion, and a stream of liquid is introduced into that lower chamber to produce a vortex of the liquid which washes across the pelletized material, thereby causing it to become dispersed or dissolved into the liquid. In installations where the flow rate of the liquid is below a certain level, a supply of compressed air is injected into the liquid of the lower chamber to prevent mudding of the material.

Water soluble corrosion inhibitors

Abstract: This invention is a method for inhibiting corrosion in metallic flow lines containing hydrocarbon and/or aqueous fluids comprising adding to the fluid contained in the flow line a corrosion inhibiting amount of a water-soluble ampholytic substituted imidazoline having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R1 comprises a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and aryl groups having 6 to 30 carbons; R2 comprises a radical selected from the group consisting of polyalkylene polyamines having from 2 to 16 carbon atoms, NH 2 , N(R 4 ) 2 , OH and SH; R 3 is a radical selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, carbonate, sulfite, sulfate, phosphite, and phosphate; n is a number from 1 to 10; and, R4 comprises a branched or linear alkyl chain having a length of 1 to 8.

Method and apparatus for inline electrochemical monitoring and automated control of oxidizing or reducing agents in water systems

Abstract: Method and apparatus for electrochemical monitoring of oxidizing agents, such as nitrite, or reducing agents in a water system and for controlling concentration levels for protecting surfaces exposed to the water The apparatus includes a probe for selective exposure to fresh water samples of the system The probe is connected to an analyzer that operates the probe and measures agent concentration by a chronoamperometry technique A controller selectively feeds an agent to the water system in accordance with a set point to maintain a desired concentration level

Method for the alteration of siliceous materials in Bayer process liquors

Abstract: Siliceous materials produced by thermally treating Bayer process liquors are obtained in modified form when produced in the presence of ammonium, aromatic amine, and amine compounds, or compounds bearing ammonium, aromatic amine or amine moieties, such as N-propylamine, pyridine and tetramethylammonium hydroxide. These modified siliceous materials possess morphologies which confer upon them a reduced tendency to deposit on surfaces throughout the process.

Method of monitoring and controlling corrosion inhibitor dosage in aqueous systems

Abstract: The concentration of an aromatic azole corrosion inhibitor in the water of an aqueous system is monitored by a fluorometric method which is based upon the measurement of the fluorescence intensity of the aromatic azole corrosion inhibitor itself, and the precise determination of concentration permits control of the dosage of such aromatic azole corrosion inhibitor.

Biological process to remove color from paper mill wastewater

Abstract: A process for removing color from a pulp and paper wastewater which comprises the following steps: (A) treating the wastewater with an enzyme which is capable of oxidizing at least a portion of the color forming components of the wastewater; and (B) treating the wastewater subsequent to the enzyme treatment of step (A) with a tannin-degrading microorganism capable of degrading at least a portion of the oxidized color forming components.

Method of inhibiting corrosion in brine solutions

Abstract: An environmentally acceptable and economically appealing method of inhibiting corrosion in brine solution systems wherein an aqueous brine solution is treated with gluconate or sorbitol.

Bayer liquor polishing

Abstract: A secondary polishing process for Bayer Process liquors suspension is described. The polishing process uses a combination of bio-polymers, particularly such bio-carbohydrates as dextran, with an inert insoluble solid, such as a filter aid, to treat the primary red mud settler overflow, then clarifying these treated overflow liquors in a secondary clarifier. Results provide for from 0-20 milligrams per liter suspended solids, often from 0-5 ppm suspended solids, and may make sand filter or Kelly filter operation an option in the Bayer Process.

Phenolic resins and method for breaking crude oil emulsions

Abstract: A composition and method for breaking crude oil emulsions is disclosed. This composition is a branched, high-molecular weight condensation product of cardanol, an alkylphenol, and an aldehyde, which may be ethoxylated or otherwise derivatized using methods standard in the art. These compositions show good emulsion-breaking performance, especially when used in blends with other compositions.

Corrosion simulator and method for simulating corrosion activity of a process stream

Abstract: Apparatus for simulating corrosion activity of a process stream on equipment and transport lines. The apparatus includes a series of modular canisters coupled to a process stream source and a process stream discharge point. A cooling coil is positioned within each canister and the cooling coils are interconnected in series. The first cooling coil is coupled to a coolant source and the last cooling coil is connected to a coolant discharge. The process stream flows thorough the series of canisters and the coolant flows through the coils in counterflow to the process stream to cool and partially condense the process stream. Corrosion activity and temperature within the canister are monitored using corrosion probes and/or coupons. Modular construction of the canisters permits disassembly and reassembly to adapt the simulator to different simulation applications.

Method for using ozone in cooling towers

Abstract: A method for increasing the effectiveness of ozone as a treating agent for alkaline cooling tower waters. This is accomplished by reducing pH of the solutions in contactor loops which supply ozone to cooling tower waters with an acidic substance.

Hydrophobic polyelectrolytes used in removing color

Abstract: A hydrophobic polyelectrolyte copolymer which is useful in the removal of color in paper mill waste water. The copolymer preferably comprises diallyldimethylammonium chloride and a hydrophobic monomer selected from the group consisting of quaternized dimethylaminoethylacrylates and quaternized dimethylaminoethylmethacrylates.

Hydrophobic polyelectrolytes used in color removal

Abstract: A hydrophobic polyelectrolyte copolymer which is useful in the removal of color in paper mill waste water. The copolymer preferably comprises an acrylamide and a hydrophobic monomer selected from the group consisting of quaternized dimethylaminoethylacrylates and quaternized dimethylaminoethylmethacrylates.

High temperature corrosion simulator

Abstract: An apparatus of provided for simulating corrosion activity of a high temperature liquid stream. The apparatus includes a canister in which is positioned a plug, occupying part of the internal volume of the canister. A stream of high temperature liquid enters the canister through an inlet, flows around the plug, and exits the canister through an outlet. The volume and configuration of the plug may be varied to simulate corrosion activity under various flow regimes. Probes may be placed in the liquid stream to detect corrosion activity and temperature. Several canisters may be arranged in series, and corrosion activity may be simulated in each canister simultaneously to determine effects of various parameters such as liquid impingement, velocity, and temperature on corrosion activity.

Use of dispersion polymers for coated broke treatment

Abstract: A process for treating a re-pulped coated broke slurry comprising the addition of a water-soluble polymer dispersion, the water-soluble polymer is formed by polymerizing a water-soluble mixture which comprises: (a) a first cationic monomer represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## and/or a second cationic monomer represented by the following general formula (II): ##STR2## and (b) (meth)acrylamide in an aqueous solution of a polyvalent anion salt, wherein the polymerization is carried out in the presence of either an organic high-molecular multivalent cation comprising a water-soluble polymer containing at least one monomer of formula (II) or an alkyl ester of acrylic acid.

Apparatus and method for the monitoring of membrane deposition

Abstract: An in-line apparatus for monitoring membrane deposition is provided having an exterior body that defines an interior compartment for receiving a fluid stream. A coupon rack is positioned in the interior compartment and suspends at least one coupon holder. The coupon holder holds at least one membrane for collection of deposition present within a filtration system. The apparatus allows examination of membrane surface deposition without sacrificing a membrane element and also provides timely diagnostic information on a filtration system. The present invention also provides a method of monitoring membrane deposition as well as a filtration system incorporating an in-line apparatus for monitoring membrane deposition.

Transient technique to determine solution resistance for simple and accurate corrosion rate measurements

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are provided for determining solution resistance and corrosion rate of a metal surface contained in a solution such as an electrode. The signal is applied to the metal surface of interest and the current response is monitored from the applied signal. A peak detector is provided for detecting the peak of the current response. From the peak, the resistance of the solution is ascertained. Following independent determination of the solution resistance, polarization resistance of the metal surface in the solution may be determined. The corrosion rate of the metal surface may be calculated from the polarization resistance.

Hydrophobic Polyelectrolyte coagulants for concentrating coal tailings

Abstract: A method for concentrating coal tailings which comprises steps of: feeding the coal tailings to a thickener; treating the coal tailings with a hydrophobic polyelectrolyte copolymer coagulant which comprises diallyldimethylammonium chloride and a more hydrophobic monomer, the coagulant is added to the coal tailings in an amount between about 005 to about 025 lb/ton; treating the coal tailings with a flocculant in an amount between about 005 to about 025 lb/ton; discharging substantially concentrated tailing; and withdrawing substantially clarified liquid from the thickener

Ultraviolet spectrographic monitoring of water soluble corrosion inhibitors

Abstract: The concentration of a water soluble corrosion inhibitor formulation in the water of an aqueous system is monitored by a UV absorption method which is based upon the measurement of the absorbance of a component of corrosion inhibitor formulation. The method is particularly suited to on-site determinations of inhibitor residuals in large aqueous systems, such as in oil field applications, which have an acute need for rapid and adaptable assays, so as to provide precise information before corrosion damage can occur.

Emissive coatings for investment casting molds

Abstract: Emissive compositions are described that can be applied as a coating to the surface of an investment casting mold to increase or decrease the rate of cooling of a casting within the mold A coating that decreases the rate of cooling of an investment casting within an investment casting mold may comprise a compound having an emissivity less than the emissivity of the mold; a high temperature glass-forming material and a solvent to make a slurry Similarly, a coating that increases the rate of cooling may comprise a compound having an emissivity greater than the emissivity of the mold; a low temperature glass-forming material and a solvent to make a slurry Also disclosed in a method of investment casting wherein an emissive composition is applied to the investment casting mold

A review of chemical and physical factors influencing Yankee dryer coatings

Abstract: Various chemical additives are utilized to provide thin adhesive coatings on Yankee dryers during the production of creped tissue papers. These coatings aid in imparting the desired degree of crepe to the tissue sheet. The creping process is a delicate balance between adhesive and release forces, which has a dominating influence on the physical and tactile properties of the final tissue sheet. Yankee coatings also play a pivotal role with regard to machine runnability, strongly impacting wear rates of the Yankee surface and of the creping blades. Like many areas of tissue technology, much of the information which is available regarding Yankee coatings is kept proprietary by tissue manufacturers. This paper reviews some of the chemical and physical properties of Yankee coating materials which appear to have an impact on performance. A list of Yankee coating materials, derived mainly from the patent literature, is presented and classified according to chemical type. Properties of the coatings provided by these materials are then considered. These include coating uniformity and stability, adhesion, polymer material properties (glass transition temperature and modulus), and moisture properties. Literature information is supplemented by experimental results in the areas of adhesion, glass transition temperatures, and moisture uptake capacity.

Hydrophobic polyelectrolyte coagulants for the control of pitch in pulp and paper systems

Abstract: A method for controlling pitch in papermaking systems which comprises the step of adding a hydrophobic polyelectrolyte copolymer coagulant to pulp and paper process water. The hydrophobic polyelectrolyte copolymer coagulant comprises diallyldimethylammonium chloride and a hydrophobic monomer selected from the group consisting of: quaternized dimethylaminoethylacrylates and quaternized dimethylaminoethylmethacrylates.

Phosphoric triamide coking inhibitors

Abstract: Inhibiting coke formation on heat transfer surfaces used to heat or cool a petroleum feedstock at coke-forming conditions. The heat transfer surfaces are treated with an effective amount of tripiperidinophosphine oxide to inhibit coke formation on the heat transfer surfaces. The tripiperidinophosphine oxide is essentially free from contributing to corrosion and from producing catalyst-impairing by-products.

An investigation of the crosslinking of polyacrylamide with formaldehyde using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Abstract: NMR results indicate that, in the reaction between polyacrylamide and formaldehyde, crosslinking is due to methylenebisamide formation both intermolecularly and intramolecularly at low pH; at high pH, there is no evidence for crosslinking