Showing papers by "Royal Adelaide Hospital published in 1978"
TL;DR: Actuarial analysis of the number of relapses in each group demonstrates that cimetidine is highly effective in preventing relapse.
91 citations
TL;DR: Significant improvement in most symptoms occurred during active as opposed to placebo therapy, together with objective evidence of a decrease in premenstrual weight gain and breast enlargement.
Abstract: Abnormal secretion of prolactin is amongst the many disorders of hormone secretion which have been proposed as potential causes for the common syndrome of premenstrual tension. Eight women suffering from this disorder participated in a five-month double-blind crossover trial of bromocriptine (5 mg per day) given in the luteal phase of the cycle. Significant improvement in most symptoms occurred during active as opposed to placebo therapy, together with objective evidence of a decrease in premenstrual weight gain and breast enlargement. This corresponds with the results of other studies which used bromocriptine in this dosage. The effect may be mediated by suppression of prolactin secretion, but could equally be a direct effect of bromocriptine.
37 citations
TL;DR: A 17-year-old youth admitted with a serum potassium concentration of 1.8 mmol/l after taking an overdose of pseudoephedrine and choline theophyllinate suggests that the sympathomimetics provoked a compartmental shift of potassium perhaps indirectly by inducing hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia, as well as directly.
Abstract: A 17-year-old youth was admitted with a serum potassium concentration of 1.8 mmol/l after taking an overdose of pseudoephedrine and choline theophyllinate. Apart from tachycardia, tachypnoea and ankle clonus, examination was normal as was the initial electrocardiograph. The hypokalaemia resolved, but there was an overall positive potassium balance of only 13 mmol. This suggests that the sympathomimetics provoked a compartmental shift of potassium perhaps indirectly by inducing hyperglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia, as well as directly. Other factors known to affect body potassium distribution were excluded. The fact that features commonly associated with hypokalaemia could not be demonstrated may be explained by a normal body potassium content. Severe hypokalaemia caused by a compartmental shift occurs with large doses of sympathomimetics as well as in periodic paralysis.
25 citations
TL;DR: A model of the syndrome is presented here which the author has found useful in the ongoing treatment of patients and has arisen out of a desire to clarify thinking and practice in the course of treating patients manifesting the classic syndrome.
Abstract: Psychodynamic theory provides a critical element in the conceptual framework necessary for a therapist's understanding of the abnormal behavior exhibited by patients with anorexia nervosa. A model of the syndrome is presented here which the author has found useful in the ongoing treatment of patients. The paper has arisen out of a desire to clarify thinking and practice in the course of treating patients manifesting the classic syndrome identified in those whose symptoms are not secondary to physical disease or psychosis.
20 citations
TL;DR: Although metformin is less likely to cause lactic acidosis than phenformin, neither drug should be prescribed in the presence of renal, hepatic or cardiovascular disease.
Abstract: A case of lactic acidosis occurring in association with inappropriate and excessive metformin therapy and a high serum metformin concentration is described. In the other 23 cases of metformin associated lactic acidosis reported to December 1977, renal, cardiovascular and liver disease were common. Although metformin is less likely to cause lactic acidosis than phenformin, neither drug should be prescribed in the presence of renal, hepatic or cardiovascular disease.
18 citations
TL;DR: 2 new cases of malignant schwannoma of the inferior dental nerve are presented which illustrate the 2 varieties of clinical presentation and radiological findings.
14 citations
TL;DR: Exposure to anaesthetic agents under non-scavenging operating theatre conditions appears to enhance hepatic metabolism.
Abstract: Antipyrine kinetics were measured on saliva in eight anaesthetists during a period when they were giving general anaesthetics and a period when they were working exclusively in intensive care. During the anaesthesia period there was a reduction in antipyrine half-life and the clearance of antipyrine increased. Analysis of the data in groups failed to detect these changes because of the wide variation in metabolism between subjects. Exposure to anaesthetic agents under non-scavenging operating theatre conditions appears to enhance hepatic metabolism.
13 citations
TL;DR: The transfer of de-epithelialized free groin flaps to restore facial contour after tumour resection and in hemifacial microsomia is described and provides an acceptable alternative to the other more difficult and often less successful methods of restoring soft tissue deficiencies of the face.
10 citations
TL;DR: Thirty supraclavicular traction injuries of the brachial plexus are reported and the management of intractable pain is discussed.
Abstract: Thirty supraclavicular traction injuries of the brachial plexus are reported. Young motor cyclists are frequently involved. Recovery is slow and often incomplete. Myelography remains the most useful investigation for prognostic purposes. The management of intractable pain is discussed. An early assessment of prognosis is an important fact in planning and supervising the long-term management of these patients.
4 citations
TL;DR: A new polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coil has been tested, which has thinner walls give a better heat transfer so that an output temperature of 32.7°C occurs at 150 ml/min under test, higher than any PVC coil previously tested.
Abstract: A new polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coil has been tested. The thinner walls give a better heat transfer so that an output temperature of 32.7 degrees occurs at 150 ml/min under test. This is higher than any PVC coil previously tested. Suggestions are made about methods of further improving the performance.
3 citations
TL;DR: The features of this case emphasise the importance of infection as an initiating event in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, and they provide further evidence for the formation of poorly soluble immune complexes as a likely pathogenetic mechanism.
Abstract: Summary: Concomitant IgA nephropathy and cyclical neutropaenia.
A case of concomitant cyclical neutropaenia and IgA nephropathy, a previously un-described combination is reported. The patient has recurrent aphthous ulceration, and haematuria occurs with these episodes. The diagnosis of cyclical neutropaenia was based on the clinical features and serial peripheral blood studies, and a renal biopsy studied by light, electron and immunofluorescence microscopy in conjunction with the clinical features established the diagnosis of IgA nephropathy. Elevation of serum immunoglobulin, with a disproportionate elevation of IgA was found. The features of this case emphasise the importance of infection as an initiating event in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, and they provide further evidence for the formation of poorly soluble immune complexes as a likely pathogenetic mechanism.
TL;DR: A case of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy associated with carcinoma of the lung is presented and a brief review of the literature is given.
Abstract: A case of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy associated with carcinoma of the lung is presented. The symptomatology of the former usually dominates the clinical picture so that early diagnosis of the underlying carcinoma often depends on recognition of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. A brief review of the literature is given.
TL;DR: Of 20 patients without remission, seven died of haemorrhage and/or infection before an adequate trial of therapy had been completed, while nine patients had “adequate” intensive therapy but failed to achieve remission.
Abstract: The case histories of all patients for whom the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) was made over a five-year period at the Royal Adelaide Hospital and Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science were studied. There were 34 patients with a median age of 47.5 years. Adequate follow-up was obtained on 33 patients, and their median survival was 5.4 months. The remission rate was 77% in the under-30 years age group, but only 15% in the over-30 years age group. The median duration of remission was 24 months while the median survival of remitters has not yet been reached. The median survival of non-remitters was two months with 100% being dead at 12-3 months. Of 20 patients without remission, seven died of haemorrhage and/or infection before an adequate trial of therapy had been completed, while nine patients had "adequate" intensive therapy but failed to achieve remission.
TL;DR: Hypoxic mixtures of oxygen and nitrous oxide were demonstrated with three anaesthesia machines which had cyclopropane flowmeters and the vaporizer on one machine increased the hypoxia when turned on.
Abstract: Hypoxic mixtures of oxygen and nitrous oxide were demonstrated with three anaesthesia machines which had cyclopropane flowmeters. In one machine the bobbin did not prevent back flow and the hypoxic mixture occurred when the cyclopropane flow control was left open. Two other machines only delivered hypoxic mixtures if the cyclopropane bobbins were removed from their seats and the flow controls opened. The vaporizer on one machine increased the hypoxia when turned on.