Showing papers by "Seoul National University published in 1972"

Surface Tension of Curved Surfaces

Abstract: The iteration method for calculating surface tension using the liquid partition function, developed by Changet al., is used to evaluate the surface tension of both concave and convex surfaces. Using the calculated values of surface tension, the change of vapor pressure with curvature is determined from the Kelvin equation. According to the calculations for various liquids such as Ar, N2, C6H6, C6H12, and H2O, (i) the surface tension increases with concavity and decreases with convexity of surface, and (ii) providing the radii are smaller than 10−6 cm, there are appreciable changes in surface tension.

Treatment of enterobiasis and ascariasis with Combantrin (pyrantel pamoate).

Abstract: This clinical trial was conducted to determine the efficacy and tolerance of pyrantel pamoate in the treatment of Enterobius and Ascaris infections. 100 patients who harboured Enterobius, Ascaris , and other intestinal helminths were treated with pyrantel pamoate, in a single dose of 8·5 to 10·0 mg./base/kg. of body weight. The medication was readily accepted and tolerated by all the patients. 43 cases out of 66 children from 3 to 11 years proved positive for Enterobius ova by the scotch-tape test. Employment of 10 mg. per kg. of pyrantel base (as the pamoate) to 43 enterobiasis cases resulted in a 83·7% cure rate. On the other hand, 79 patients received 8·5 to 10·0 mg. per kg. of pyrantel pamoate, and all 79 patients were cleared of Ascaris infection by a single dose. Pyrantel pamoate also proved to be very effective against Trichostrongylus orientalis , hookworms and moderately effective against Trichocephalus trichiura . During the course of the study, determination of haemograms, urinalysis, and liver function tests were conducted in the patients before and 4 days after the medication. All values were normal throughout the study and no significant differences were observed before and after the drug administration. Side effects were mild and transient.

Santonin - Kainic Acid Complex as a Mass Chemotherapeutic of Ascaris lumbricoides Control in Korea

Abstract: Santonin-kainic acid complex was evaluated as a chemotherapeutic of the mass treatment of the Ascaris lumbricoides infection in Korea. The results could be summarized as follows: 1) The negative conversion rate was 82.9% in average in 4 treated groups. Some variations of negative conversion rate among the treated groups were noticed. 2) The egg reduciton rate was 97.7% in average and the results were rather uniform among the three evaluated groups. 3) By the analysis of egg reduction, it seems that the lightly infected cases whose E.P.G. were under 5,000 were resistant to treatment with the less reduced egg output. 4) After the treatment with this complex, the number of egg discharged cases were reduced to 1.84% and the average number of discharge eggs per incompletely treated or untreated cases were reduced to 12.5% compared with the level of before-treatment egg output. 5) The successive observations of the pattern of worm expulsion after drug intake was made. The worms were mostly expelled in the stool within 3 days, and 58.9% of total expelled worms were collected within 24-hour stool. 6) The minimum length of the immature worms expelled was 7.6cm. Among the 659 Ascaris collected in the first-day stool from 91 rural people, 8.5% were in the range of 7.6-12.2 cm-long, immature worms. The sex ratio, male: female= 0.69: 1.

The Prevalence Of Intestinal Helminthes In Inhabitants Of Cheju Do.

Abstract: The authors examined 3,169 fecal specimens from inhabitants of seven localities such as City, Eups and Myons in Cheju Do on July 1970 with cellophane thick smear technique. The results were analysed and summarized as follows: 1) The overall egg positive rate of helminths was 82.2% and it was attributed to high rates of soil-transmitted helminths as in case of other parts in Korea. 2) The infection rates of each species were; A. lumbricoides 44.3%, T. trichiurus 65.6%, hookworm 1.5%, T. orientalis 0.8%, C. sinensis 0.2%, P. westermani 0.4%, M. yokogawai 0.9%, Taenia sp. 12.7% and H. nana 1.4%. 3) The infection rates of soil-transmitted helminths were relatively lower than those of mainland Korea especially in case of hookworm and T. orientalis. The proportion of unfertilized ova passers among the Ascaris infected case was 22.1%. 4) The ova of heterophyids, most probably Metagonimus yokogawai were detected in lower percentage but discovered throughout the localities surveyed and in all age groups. It is certainly presumed that Metagonimus infection is autochthonous. 5) The most interesting results were obtained in Taenia sp. infection and the higher rates were shown in rural area than in urbanized areas. The positive rates were within 5% in childhood and adolescence but abruptly increased up to 36.4 % in adults.

A comparative psychiatric study on the narcotic addicts in Seoul, Korea.

Abstract: Summary Psychiatric and socio-psychiatric problems of 1,388 narcotic addicts discharged during a 4 year period (January 1, 1966-December 31, 1969) from Seoul Municipal Mental Hospital are investigated and discussed. 1) The number of narcotic addicts is decreasing year by year. Admission rates are thus decreasing rapidly. On the contrary, there is a prominent tendency of transition from narcotic addicts to non-narcotic, habit-forming drug users. 2) Only 0.73% are teenagers and average ages of the addicts are 42.88 in males and 35.73 in females. There is a preponderance in the middle age group. New addicts are few and repetitively readmitted cases are usual. 3) Pure narcotic addicts are 28.94%, non-narcotic, habit-forming drug users are 26.94%, and mixed users are 31.56%. In 1969, narcotic addicts and mixed users decreased to 11.38% and 12.19% respectively. Non-narcotic drug users increased to 54.48%. Among the narcotic drugs, heroin is the most frequently used, while barbiturates and meprobamate are most frequent among the non-narcotic drugs. Narcotic drugs are mostly purchased in smuggling dens and non-narcotic drugs are easily bought at drugstores. Abstinence syndromes were mild. 4) Characteristic findings in addicts were irregular and distorted marital life, poor economic status and criminal occupations. 5) Psychological conflicts were 68.90% of various motives of the first episodes. Among them interpersonal conflicts were most important. 72.98% became addicted during the course of self-treatment of physical illness. In such cases, narcotic drugs were used as omnipotent drugs. 6) A characteristic psychopathological feature of Korean narcotic addicts was that they became addicted during the course of treatment of physical illness or psychological instability, rather than as a manifestation of antisocial behavior.

Measurement Of Blood Loss Using (51)Cr In Heavy Infection Cases Of Trichocephalus Trichiurus.

Abstract: This study was undertaken to find out the possibility of iron-deficiency anemia by the intestinal blood loss in massive infection cases of T. trichiurus. Among the children of a community in which the whipworm infections were highly prevalent, 7 cases were selected whose E.P.G. of whipworm ova were more than 1,000. The hematological findings and estimated blood loss using (51)Cr were undertaken. The results could be summarized as follows: 1) The E.P.G. and E.P.D. of T. trichiurus ova in studied 7 cases were 10,500-37,200/gm of feces and 0.90-5.14 million/day respectively. 2) Findings of hematological examination were in lower limit of normal in hemoglobin content and hematocrit. And erythrocytes were neither microcytic nor hypochromic. Differential count of leucocytes showed persistently low grade of eosinophilia. 3) Serum iron content measured by modification of Barkan method showed subnormal value in 5 out of 7 cases. 4)Erythrocyte radioactivity half disappearance time(T(1/2)) and intestinal blood loss were estimated using (51)Cr-tagging erythrocytes. And the results showed that T(1/2) were shortened (13-19 days ) in all cases and the blood loss was 0.94-6.54 ml/day which were correlated with worm burden (E.P.D.) significantly. 5) From the above results, it could be concluded that intestinal blood loss of T. trichiurus heavy infection were actually occurred but the amount of losses were easily compensated.

Effectiveness of boric acid as a stomach poison for the German cockroach (Blattella germanica L.) Control

Abstract: The author carried out a study on the effectiveness of the boric acid as a stomach poison for German cockroach control from July to September 1971. The test was performed by the feeding method under conditions of 20 degrees C and 80 per cent relative humidity. The baits were composed of one control group and five different combination groups with boric acid and sugar as follows. 1)10 g sugar only(control group), 2)1 g powedered boric acid to 9 g sugar(1:9 poison baits), 3)2 g powdered boric acid to 8 g sugar(2:8 poison baits), 4)4 g powdered boric acid to 6 g sugar(4:6 poison baits), 5)5 g powdered boric acid to 5g sugar(5:5 poison baits), 6)10 g powdered boric acid only (10:0 poison baits). The insects were composed of 360 female adult German cockroaches collected by traps at the kitchens of restaurants and house holds in Seoul City. The results were as follows: 1.The total mortality by poison baits in 72 hours after treatment were: 1)44.3 % by 1:9 poison baits, 2)79.4 % by 2: poison baits, 3)96.7 % by 4:6 poison baits(the most effective poison baits), 4)88.3 % by 5:5 poison baits, 5)91.1 % by 10:0 poison baits. 2.The peak mortality by the treatment hours were: 1)Up to 21 hours: 23.3 % by 5:5 poison baits, 20.0 % by 10:10 poison baits, 2)From 24 to 48 hours: 71.1 % by 4:6 poison baits, 55.6 % by 10:0 poison baits, 3)From 48 to 72 hours: 21.9 % by 2:8 poison baits, 19.6 % by 1:9 poison baits. The most effective treatment hours was from 24 to 48 hours.