Showing papers by "Seoul National University published in 1975"

Some Aspects Of Human Sparganosis In Korea.

Abstract: Human sparganosis in Korea was discussed on the bases of five human cases experienced by the present authors and 58 case records already reported by many previous authors, in aspects of epidemiology and clinical features. Sparganosis is not infrequent tissue helminthiasis now in Korea and the incidence has been evidently increased during past 10 years. It might be interpreted that improved medical delivery system and health care exposed the hidden but prevalent disease. The distribution of sparganosis in Korea is apparently subdivided into three major endemic areas; Kyunggi Do, Kyungsang Do and Hamkyung Nam Do. Although scanty in other areas of Korea, the distribution of this disease is presumably throughout the whole peninsula of Korea except Cheju Do. The majority of human cases of sparganosis in Korea has revealed raw consuming of snakes for treatment of tuberculosis, syphilis and joint pain, for tonics and for the belief of special nutrition among very limited group of Korean population. Because of this kinds of mode of infection, comprising four fifths of all cases, the majority of cases detected were male adult consisting of about 70% of total cases. And drinking of untreated water in rural area where no protective, sanitary measures for water sources were provided in the past, seems another important causes of infection especially in women and children in Korea. Thus it may be concluded that sparganosis in Korea is concluded by eating of infective stages per os voluntarily or involuntarily, but not through the direct invasion. Clinically, subcutaneous mass or lump was the most frequent problem in those patients and those masses were associated with inflammatory signs. By the anatomical location of the lesion, some peculiar manifestations could be developed as in orbital, abdominal, urethral, ureteral and vertebral cases. And the lesions could be complicated by haemorrhage or abscess formations. The larval worms hitherto collected in Korea has been identified tentatively as Sparganum mansoni because neither branched larvae nor Sparganum proliferum were ever reported.

Significance Of Scotch-tape Anal Swab Technique In Diagnosis Of Enterobius Vermicularis Infection

Abstract: The significance of Scotch-tape anal swab technique was evaluated in three communities of Korea, one in orphanage institute and two in rural populations, from November to December, 1975. Based on the epidemiological concept that the prevalence rate of Enterobius vermicularis infection in a community as "the proportion in the population who harboured E. vermicularis at certain point of time", the present authors treated the whole surveyed population with pyrantel pamoate disregard to the results of Scotch-tape anal swab and collected pinworms expelled in stool specimens during 2 consecutive days after the chemotherapy. Although the present authors could not collect the younger adult worms less than 3.54 mm in length after chemotherapy, the positive rates of pinworm collection in three surveyed communities were 80.6%, 92.5% and 91.4% respectively whereas the positive rates of single Scotch-tape anal swab were 52.4%, 53.6% and 57.1% respectively. These results denote that results of single anal swab do not represent the prevalence rate of Enterobius infection in a community. The results of successive two anal swabs and estimation of positivity in a population using Neyman's "Best asymptotically normal estimate" revealed 62.9% in the third trial group of this study and probability of finding eggs in single slide was 0.869. Comparing with the pinworm collection rate after the chemotherapy in this group the estimated positive rate was by far lower than that of pinworm collection(89.3%). The positive results of single anal swab did not correspond to the pinworm collection in average 9.1% of anal swab positive cases and the negative results did not correspond to pinworm collection in 81.3% of anal swab negative cases, when the data from three surveyed communities were amalgamated. These results must come from the principle of anal swab that detect the terminated parasitism. With rare exceptions, the anal swab negative cases harbour relatively fewer number of Enterobius than those of positive cases. And the mean number of E. vermicularis collected from anal swab negative cases was 9.1 whereas the number in anal swab positive cases was 31.5. By analyzing the data on the relationship between bathing interval and anal swab positive conversion, it was assumed that the positive rate of anal swab in a community represent the rate of appearance of gravid female Enterobius vermicularis through anus during approximately past two days prior to examination.

Studies On The Lungfluke, Paragonimus Iloktsuenensis: IV. A Mathematical Analysis On Metacercarial Density Of Paragonimus Iloktsuenensis In Crab Host, Sesarma Dehaani.

Abstract: Mathematical models such as the negative binomial, Poisson and Polya-Eggenberger distributions were applied to the observed data of the number of metacercariae of Paragonimus iloktsuenensis in crab hosts, Sesarma dehaani which were collected in Hadong, South Kyong-sang Do, Korea. From the above analysis, it was found that the pattern of density of metacercariae of this lungfluke among the crab hosts was well fitted to the negative binomial distribution, rather than to the Poisson or Polya-Eggenberger distribution.

The effect of curvature dependency correction for the surface tension on the result of pore distribution analysis

Abstract: The Broekhoff-de Boer equation for the calculation of physisorbed layer thickness on curved surfaces is derived rigorously from the Kelvin equation. As this equation contains a surface tension term, the effect of curvature dependency of this term on the result of calculated thickness has been investigated. The thickness calculated in this way is found to be larger than the one obtained without such consideration. This effect becomes more remarkable and cannot be neglected as the curvature of the surface increases. The relative vapor pressure at which capillary condensation commences for open-ended cylindrical pores is also smaller when this effect is considered.

Protozoan Infection Of The Domestic Animals And Poultry In Korea

Abstract: Researches in veterinary protozoology until the end of World War II were carried out entirely by Japanese workers such as Danagga, Yamada, Yuhoba and Isshiki. After the Korean war, investigations have been made by several Korean researchers such as Lee's, Son, Joen and Jang. The total species and genera of veterinary protozoa reported by authors up to date were 19 genera and 59 species except the commensal ciliates. Incidence of the protozoa were carried out for 4 years(1972-l975) by examining fecal samples and vaginal swabs in order to know the parasitic status of the domestic animals and poultry.

Weather climatology of changma (early summer rainy season) and kaul changma (early autumn rainy season) in korea in relation to two rainy seasons of east asia

Abstract: In a summer half year, there are two rainy seasons ; Changma (early summer rainy season) and Kaul Changma (early autumn rainy season) in Korean Peninsular, correspond-ing with Baiu and Shurin respectively in Japanese Islands and with Maiyu in early summer in China. In this paper, the writer analysed two rainy seasons by employing the occurrence frequency of bad weather index (Lee, 1974) and synoptical bad weather day. The bad weather day was classified synoptically as follows (Fig. 2) ; 1) rainy bad weather day (_??_ sign in Fig. 2) ; the day with ≥1.0 mm of precipi-tation, ≥threshold value of daily cloud amount and ≤ threshold value of sunshine duration or the day with ≥ 1.0 mm of precipitation and ≥threshold value of daily cloud amount. 2) cloudy bad weather day or scanty rainy bad weather day (_??_ sign) ; the day with ≥ threshold value of daily cloud amount and ≤ threshold value of sunshine duration. 3) showery bad weather day (⊕ sign) ; the day with ≥ 1.0 mm of precipitation and ≥ threshold value of sunshine duration or the day with ≥ 1.0 mm of preci-pitation. 4) cloudy bad weather day (_??_ sign) ; the day with ≤ threshold value of daily cloud amount. 5) scanty sunshine bad weather day (_??_sign) ; the day of C threshold value of sun-shine duration. The determination of the threshold values was referred to in the previous paper (1974). Though the beginning of Changma is very irregular year to year, it dates on June 24 normally. The end of Changma dates on the second decade of July in the southern region and on the last decade of July in the central region of Korean Peninsular. The phenomenon of Changma gradually moves to north as the polar front advances to higher latitude. The seasonal trend of Changma has a various pattern according to the meridional shifting of the polar front (Fig. 5 and Fig. 2). The phenomenon of seasonal intermission of summer by returning of the polar front from higher latitude is also a typical bad weather situation of summer season. Kaul Changma is a natural seasonal phenomenon which is caused by the stagnation of cold front from higher latitude and the stationary front. But, the Maul Changma season has shorter duration than the Changma season and its seasonal trend is very irregular year to year. In some years, Kaul Changma fails to appear. Owing to the direct influence of the continental anticyclone, there is almost no autumn rainy season in China. In Japanese Islands, the Shurin season is much longer and receives plenty of precipitation because it is also a typhoon season. Put its appear-ence pattern is intermittent according to the stagnation of southward shifting cold front from higher latitude and the stationary front, and the bad weather climatic situation is very irregular year to year. The position of polar front is intimately related to the advance and retreat of the North Pacific anticyclone as is shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.

Pyrantel Embonate And Bephenium Hydroxynaphthoate In The Treatment Of Hookworm Infection.

Abstract: A total of 100 hookworm infested patients were divided into two groups. One group of 49 received pyrantel embonate in a single oral dose of 10 mg as the base per kg body weight and the other group of 51 a single oral dose of 5.0 gm bephenium hydroxynaphthoate for a comparison of efficacy on hookworm infestation and other intestinal helminths. Forty-two(85.7%) cases of hookworm treated with pyrantel embonate were cured and there was a 99.9 per cent mean reduction in fecal egg count. Of the 51 patients who received bephenium hydroxynaphthoate complete cure occurred in 76.5 per cent and the mean reduction in fecal egg count was 91.8 per cent. These results plus the lower incidence of side effects recorded in the pyrnatel group suggest that pyrantel embonate is the more desirable trestment. Pyrantel embonate was highly effective against Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichostrongylus orientalis and both drugs were moderately effective against Trichuris trichiura. During the course of the study measurements of hematology, biochemistry and examinations of urine specimens were carried out. All values were normal throughout the study and no significant difference was observed between pyrantel embonate and bephenium hydroxynaphthoate treated subjects. Side effects were more common in the bephenium hydroxynaphthoate treated group.