Showing papers in "Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry in 1969"
TL;DR: In this paper, a survey of the literature on deja vu and depersonalization in a largely healthy population is presented, together with a study of the phenomena of deja-vu.
Abstract: The author presents a survey of the literature, together with a study of the phenomena of deja vu and depersonalization in a largely healthy population. He concludes that the deja vu experience as elicited by a clinical type interview is common particularly in intelligent subjects of higher socioeconomic status. Well defined depersonalization experiences will also be elicited by clinical enquiry from subjects free from major psychiatric disability.
22 citations
TL;DR: The clinical and research applications of the Lithium Excretion Test (L.E.T.) are described, and significant applications for a small but important group of patients with personality disorders are discussed, as well as the findings in depression and schizophrenia.
Abstract: The clinical and research applications of the Lithium Excretion Test (L.E.T.) are described. With a 4-hour test it is possible to differentiate manic patients who respond to lithium from those who do not. Significant applications for a small but important group of patients with personality disorders are discussed, as well as the findings in depression and schizophrenia.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an account is given of the historical origin of mixed blood persons in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea and the concept of marginal personality is discussed and considered to be clinically useful.
Abstract: SynopsisAn account is given of the historical origin of mixed blood persons in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. The concept of marginal personality is discussed and considered to be clinically useful. Personality development is outlined and it is postulated that certain tension-reducing devices among persons of mixed blood are responsible for an observed minimal rate of overt psychosis.“Suffering which falls to our lot in the course of nature, or by chance, or fate, does not seem so painful as suffering which is inflicted on us by the arbitrary will of another.”—Schopenhauer.
16 citations
TL;DR: The ward technique, practical problems and biochemical methods of the Lithium Excretion Test (L.E.T.) are described and the procedures for the estimation of plasma, urinary and erythrocyte levels of lithium are given in detail.
Abstract: The ward technique, practical problems and biochemical methods of the Lithium Excretion Test (L.E.T.) are described. The procedures for the estimation of plasma, urinary and erythrocyte levels of lithium are given in detail.
16 citations
TL;DR: The fourth in a series of articles on the consequences of conjugal bereavement, and analyses the responses of 41 Australian widows to an interview designed to assess their perception of the effects of conjunctive bereavement as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: This is the fourth in a series of articles on the consequences of conjugal bereavement, and analyses the responses of 41 Australian widows to an interview designed to assess their perception of env
14 citations
TL;DR: Inpatient suicides in a private psychiatric hospital between 1882 and 1968 are studied as to age, sex, marital status, diagnosis, time in hospital, stage of illness, physical health, previous threats, previous attempts and method of suicide.
Abstract: SYNOPSISInpatient suicides (twelve cases) in a private psychiatric hospital between 1882 and 1968 are studied as to age, sex, marital status, diagnosis, time in hospital, stage of illness, physical health, previous threats, previous attempts and method of suicide. They are also divided into a pre-1947 group, when the hospital was primarily custodial, and a post-1947 group, when the hospital became an active treatment unit.Known ex-patient suicides (forty-nine cases) in the post-1947 era are discussed under similar categories and compared both with a matched control group and with the inpatient suicides.Special mention is made of suicides in patients with personality disorders.
11 citations
TL;DR: Various hypotheses regarding the psychopathology of infertility are reviewed and the paucity of sound clinical data on both personality and psychophysiological factors is emphasised.
Abstract: Various hypotheses regarding the psychopathology of infertility are reviewed In the female, the immature dependent, and masculine-aggressive personality are said to be associated with infertility
9 citations
TL;DR: For example, the authors states that "the present youth are exceedingly unwise and impatient of restraint" and that "all youth are reckless beyond words" while "when I was a boy, we were taught to be discreet and respectful of elders".
Abstract: “I see no hope for the future of our people if they are dependent on the frivolous youth of today, for certainly all youth are reckless beyond words … When I was a boy, we were taught to be discreet and respectful of elders, but the present youth are exceedingly unwise and impatient of restraint.”
9 citations
TL;DR: Historical perspectives of the patterns of occurrence and management of mental disorders in the community are needed if the authors are not to fall into the trap of the transient fashion or the repetition of old errors.
Abstract: Historical perspectives of the patterns of occurrence and management of mental disorders in the community are needed if we are not to fall into the trap of the transient fashion or the repetition of old errors, Hospital statistics, concerned with mental disorders, suffer from the handicap that they reflect rates of hospitalization rather than incidence and prevalence of these disorders. Of all mental disorders, however, this is least likely to be the case with the major psychosis, schizophrenia, the sufferers from which are usually hospitalized to such a degree that hospital statistics may be regarded as a reasonable indication of their frequency in the community. In Victoria, through the Statistical-Epidemiological Unit of the Mental Health Research Institute, opportunity has been afforded to look at patterns of hospitalisation from as far back as 1907. Krupinski and Stoller ( 1962a) analysed hospital admission and residence rates for schizophrenia, as well as the outcomf: of this disorder, for the period 19071952, thereby providing a useful historical perspective. Then, on June 30th, 1961, a complete census of hospital patients was carried out, and the characteristics of schizophrenics analysed in detail, so that a picture was able to be obtained of those remaining in institutions (Krupinski and Stoller, 1963a). At this time, a new statistical system was introduced (Krupinski and Stoller, 1962b) into the Victorian Mental Health Department; and since then, all admissions, discharges, and deaths of
7 citations
TL;DR: A two-year survey of alcoholic patients' in a Californian State Hospital, which covered the years I947 and 1948, was performed by McCullough (1962), who stressed that "California is one of the states which have been given legislative recognition to alcoholism as a medical problem by providing for the treatment of alcoholics, under certain conditions, in state hospitals".
Abstract: Studies of alcoholism, based on admissions to psychiatric institutions and clinics, have been relatively limited in the past, since alcoholic patients, other than those with disturbing alcoholic psychoses, have previously been only reluctantly admitted to mental hospitals. Indicative of this is the fact that an initial study by Malzberg (1947) of first admissions to mental institutions in New York State in 1943/44 was confined to alcoholic psychoses; whereas, his next study on this subject (Malzberg, 1949), covering the year ended March 31st, 1948, included an account of first admissions of alcoholic patients without psychoses. The latter were, however, reflected in admissions to private hospitals, as State Hospitals in New York were not permitted to accept alcoholic patients without psychoses. A two-year survey of alcoholic patients' in a Californian State Hospital, which covered the years I947 and 1948, was performed by McCullough (1962), who stressed that \"California is one of the states which have been given legislative recognition to alcoholism as a medical problem by providing for the treatment of alcoholics, under certain conditions, in state hospitals\". First admissions of alcoholic patients to Ohio mental hospitals were analysed by Lock et a1 (1960) and by Lock and Duval (1964), and it mav once again be noted that the first paper dealt only with alcoholic psychoses whereas the later study covered non-psychotic alcoholics
4 citations
TL;DR: An account is given of the forerunners of psychiatry in Papua and New Guinea prior to the advent of psychiatric services in 1959.
Abstract: An account is given of the forerunners of psychiatry in Papua and New Guinea prior to the advent of psychiatric services in 1959.
TL;DR: The accused man was the survivor of a suicide pact and was charged with murder as mentioned in this paper, and the Crown made an application to further present him under the provisions of the Crimes Act.
Abstract: The accused man was the survivor of a suicide pact and was charged with murder. When he appeared in court the Crown made an application to further present him under the provisions of the Crimes Act...
TL;DR: Intravenous diazepam has been shown to produce both a fall in forearm blood flow and coincidental diminution in subjective anxiety, as compared with the resting state and after injection of intravenous saline.
Abstract: SynopsisIntravenous diazepam has been shown to produce both a fall in forearm blood flow and coincidental diminution in subjective anxiety, as compared with the resting state and after injection of intravenous saline.
TL;DR: The results of the first year of a regional psychiatric service based on Rabaul, which included three hundred referred cases were reviewed to provide the guide lines for the second year of the existing project and for possible future developments.
Abstract: From 1965 to 1967 a regional psychiatric service based on Rabaul was offered to the Islands Region of New Guinea. The results of the first year's work, which included three hundred referred cases were reviewed to provide the guide lines for the second year of the existing project and for possible future developments.
TL;DR: One in every ten patients aged 60 years and over in all nursing homes in the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia, was interviewed and the nursing homes were found to have a very large psychiatric population of a wide diagnostic range and all grades of severity.
Abstract: SynopsisOne in every ten patients aged 60 years and over in all nursing homes in the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia, was interviewed. The nursing homes were found to have a very large psychiatric population of a wide diagnostic range and all grades of severity.
TL;DR: It appears that each generation for the last 100 years or so has also stumbled upon the startling discovery that mental retardation can and should be prevented by compulsory sterilization of the retarded.
Abstract: Like the conviction that the younger generation is going to the dogs, a belief which has forced itself upon every generation for the last two or three thousand years and must therefore be regarded as self-evidently true, it appears that each generation for the last 100 years or so has also stumbled upon the startling discovery that mental retardation, being obviously hereditary in origin, can and should be prevented by compulsory sterilization of the retarded or by their segregation, presumably in places like “that admirably organized and philanthropically conducted institution at Kew” (Barker, 1902). The latest revelation on this subject was bestowed upon a Melbourne doctor who, in a letter to the Editor of the Medical Journal of Australicr, pointed out the alarming prospects for the future of our society of the allegedly increasing birth rate of the retarded as compared with the falling birth rate of the general population. His proposed solution was legislation to provide that the granting of invalid pensions to people with hereditary mental defects should be conditional upon their being sterilized (Wolstenholme, 1969). This proposal was eagerly seized upon and supported by some sections of the Melbourne lay press, and one journalist, with more enthusiasm than knowledge of the subject, referred to the retarded as “shambling, stupid peas out of faulty pods” (Dexter, 1969).
TL;DR: The observations of the Islands Region Psychiatry Research Project Team made between 1965 and 1967 and the principles of community psychiatry as presented by Caplan are used as the basis for a design of a psychiatric service in a setting such as New Guinea.
Abstract: The observations of the Islands Region Psychiatry Research Project Team made between 1965 and 1967 and the principles of community psychiatry as presented by Caplan are used as the basis for a design of a psychiatric service in a setting such as New Guinea.
TL;DR: A clinical case involving mother and son with Klinefelter's syndrome and the mother rheumatic heart disease, where the son exhibited asocial behaviour; the mother an ill-defined syndrome of anxiety and depression.
Abstract: SYNOPSISDrau ni kau is a syndrome found in Fijians. This syndrome is essentially a supernatural explanation for natural disease processes or reactions to stresses. The history of drau ni kau is reviewed. A clinical case involving mother and son is described. The son had Klinefelter's syndrome and the mother rheumatic heart disease. The son exhibited asocial behaviour; the mother an ill-defined syndrome of anxiety and depression. Other clinical aspects of reputed supernatural disease encountered in the Fijian are mentioned. The techniques of inducing and relieving drau ni kau are discussed in past and present perspective.
TL;DR: It is affirm, then, that biodynamics is neither doctrine nor cult, but attempts to integrate current understandings as to how and why living things behave, and what may be done to ameliorate their adverse reactions to internal and external stresses.
Abstract: Colleagues and Guests : I deeply appreciate both the honours and responsibilities of being summoned some four thousand leagues Down Under from Up Over to present this Academic Lecture on Biodynamic Psychiatry. The honours may be as unearned as those given in contract bridge, but as to my responsibilities, I shall try to speak as briefly and cogently as t can, hopefully avoiding the connotations of the term “academic” as pedantic or pretentious. As to my topic, I am woefully aware that in recent psychiatric texts Biodynamic Psychiatry has been accorded an undesired distinction as a “new school of thought among psychiatrists”, despite my own oft-repeated plea that the term “school” better applies to aggregations of fish than to congregations of scientists. Let me affirm, then, that biodynamics is neither doctrine nor cult, but attempts to integrate current understandings as to how and why living things behave, and what may be done to ameliorate their adverse reactions to internal and external stresses. As in all other branches of science, then, the heuristic sources of Biodynamic Psychiatry are threefold: First, the study of the evolution of animate behaviour, ranging from micro-protoplasmic reactivity to the macro-transactional intricacies of human conduct. Second, a search for significant common denominators in various ostensibly antithetical theories as to the aetiology and therapy of deviant conduct. Third, the formulation of the postulates and practices thus derived in operational terms, so that they can be tested and further clarified by laboratory and clinical methods analogous to those used in other scientific disciplines.
TL;DR: In fact, the number of persons killed on the roads in the U.S.A. in 1967 was almost exactly the same number of United States soldiers killed in action in the First World War as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Few would dispute that the invention of the internal coinbustion engine has not been a wholly unmixed blessing. Yet it is questionable whether many persons alive at the time of the first motor vehicle death in the U.S.A. (1899) foresaw that by 1951 one million persons would have died on the roads of the U.S.A.; or that in 1967 alone, 53,200 persons would die and 4,200,000 receive injuries in the U.S.A. alone as a result of road traffic accidents. Besides this sort of carnage, the U.S.A. death role in the Vietnam War (33,000 by March, 1969) seems comparatively mild. In fact, the number of persons killed on the roads in the U S A . in 1967 was almost exactly the same as the number of United States soldiers killed in action in the First World War.
TL;DR: The senile dementia group showed significant tendencies to positive family history, unusual personality characteristics and greater duration of widowhood.
Abstract: 40 patients with senile dementia, 40 with arteriosclerotic dementia, and 40 people attending an elderly citizens' club have been compared with respect to certain social and personal data. The senile dementia group showed significant tendencies to positive family history, unusual personality characteristics and greater duration of widowhood.
TL;DR: Early parental deprivation was identified from coded information in case histories of psychiatric patients over the age of 60 and associations were sought between maternal, paternal or combined deprivation and any diagnostic category in this geriatric group.
Abstract: Early parental deprivation was identified from coded information in 1,103 case histories of psychiatric patients over the age of 60. Associations were sought between maternal, paternal or combined deprivation and any diagnostic category in this geriatric group.
TL;DR: In this article, a distinction is drawn between normal and pathological developments of the falling-in-love process, and the term infatuation is suggested as a suitable inclusive label for the pathological states t...
Abstract: A distinction is drawn between normal and pathological developments of the falling-in-love process, and the term infatuation is suggested as a suitable inclusive label for the pathological states t...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the principal features of the human E.E.G. and the possible significance of studies on the cerebral evoked response and the discovery of "contingent negative variation" for which important claims have been made, described with reviewer's caution.
Abstract: Synopsis After briefly reviewing the principal features of the human E.E.G., some recently described E.E.G. phenomena and the literature on current clinical advances are summarized, including the use of the E.E.G. to determine brain death. The problem of computer analysis of the E.E.G. and the possible significance of studies on the cerebral evoked response are discussed. The discovery of "contingent negative variation" for which important claims have been made, is described with reviewer's caution. The paper concludes with a summary of the origin of E.E.G. activity relevant to the needs of the clinician.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the patient's behavioural changes and symptomatic variations except in terms of regression, displacement, intellectualization, reaction formation, projection, overcompensation and the rest.
Abstract: who have a thorough grasp of various complex and interlocking defence mechanisms. Indeed, it is very difficult to conceptualize the patient‘s behavioural changes and symptomatic variations except in terms of regression, displacement, intellectualization, reaction formation, projection, overcompensation and the rest. These dynamic formulations serve to provide a better understanding of behavioural complexities than does the language of chemistry.
TL;DR: A mercury-in-rubber strain-gauge plethysmograph was used to measure forearm blood flow in anxious and non-anxious psychiatric patients, finding no statistically-significant differences between the two groups.
Abstract: A mercury-in-rubber strain-gauge plethysmograph was used to measure forearm blood flow in anxious and non-anxious psychiatric patients No statistically-significant differences in forearm blood flo
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used simulation techniques to supplement more conventional methods of assessment, application of pre-established standards, and utilization of numerous feedback mechanisms to assure fuller exploitation of evaluation data.
Abstract: SynopsisIncreasingly, the products of medical education are being studied by systematic evaluation procedures which include: empirical determination of essential components of professional competence, employment of simulation technique to supplement more conventional methods of assessment, application of pre-established standards, and utilization of numerous feedback mechanisms to assure fuller exploitation of evaluation data. Such data are utilized not only to assess individual achievement of critical performance requirements, but also to identify differential rates and patterns of progress toward these goals, to determine the relation between these patterns and important independent variables in the learning situation, to guide curricular development, and to provide evidence of value in re-defining the goals themselves. It seems clear that this approach can be useful in the evaluation of professional education.