Showing papers in "Československá patologie in 1986"

Histogenesis of benign pleomorphic mesenchymal tumors

Abstract: Benign pleomorphic mesenchymal tumours (lipoma, fibroblastoma) are defined by large cells which have multiple peripheral nuclei and thus remind of a flower. Similar cells were already previously detected by Mirejovský as a reactive change in polypous processes. We assume that these cells may occur not only in non-tumours but also in tumours where similar stromal conditions exist as in polyps. Therefore pleomorphic giant cells are of no value for assessment of the histogenesis of tumours. Nevertheless giant cell pleomorphic reactive changes may be mistaken for atypical tumours and therefore their knowledge is of practical importance.

Mastocytes in the process of cancerogenesis. I. Study of experimental model systems

Abstract: Changing numbers of mast cells were observed in precancerous and cancerous lesions of the gut in mice treated by 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride. The study included 18 samples of abnormal and atypical epithelium, 14 samples of preinvasive carcinoma, 15 samples of infiltrative carcinoma, and 12 control samples from untreated mice. Carcinogenesis was accompanied by a significant increase of mast cell numbers culminating in preinvasive carcinoma. A decrease of mast cells followed in fully developed adenocarcinomas up to numbers comparable to but more variable than those found in abnormal and atypical epithelium.

Mastocytes in the process of cancerogenesis. II. Precancerous conditions and carcinomas of the uterine cervix

Abstract: A standard evaluation of mast cell numbers was performed in 110 cases of cervical precanceroses and carcinomas in comparison with bioptic samples without any pathologic lesion. Pathologic lesions were accompanied by an increase of mast cell numbers--except cases with abnormal epithelium. Peak numbers were found in preinvasive carcinoma. Mast cell numbers in invasive carcinoma were beyond an average level of control samples but obviously under those in preinvasive carcinoma.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of a rib

Abstract: Aneurysmatic bone cyst is rare in ribs; only 37 cases were found in literature up to 1984. In a group of 21 children suffering from aneurysmatic bone cyst only one 13 year-old girl had the lesion in sternal part of the 2nd rib.

Iatrogenic generalized storage of dextran in regularly dialyzed patients

Abstract: Intensive generalized intracellular storage of a PAS positive birefringent material with unusual ultrastructure was found in 17 patients deceased after long-term hemodialysis. It was identified as "condensed" dextran administered repeatedly for hypotension during dialysis. Intensity of storage was related to residual diuresis and not to the number of dialyses. Identification of the material was enabled by digestion with dextranase. Dextran cytoplasmic inclusions in macrophages resisted to common solvents but dissolved in lyes. The storage occurred in lymph-nodes, in the heart, kidney interstitium, bone marrow and others. Fatal complications of massive dextran storage were discussed. Quantity, morphogenesis and location of storage are learning about storing systems.

[Epithelial tumors of the large intestine in short-term tissue culture (relation to biological behavior)].

Abstract: Short term tissue cultures on space substrate were made from 13 samples of normal colonic mucosa and non-tumours colonic lesions as well as from 28 samples of epithelial colonic tumours. The growth and morphological features of cultivated tumours were mostly connected with their original histological structure and biological behaviour. Epithelial structures from adenoma and carcinoma survived longer than those from non-tumorous lesions. Epithelial cells from villous adenomas and from familiar polypous colonic adenomas showed increased proliferation on space substrate similar to the growth of carcinoma cells.

Calcification of the heart

Abstract: A case of chronic calcific constrictive pericarditis in a 39-year-old Ugandan is presented. According to recent views this condition is only rarely caused by tuberculosis.

Classification of germinal tumors of the testis

Abstract: Based on the collection of more than 500 personal as well as consiliary cases of TGCT and a thorough review of the existing classifications, the essential synonyms used for designating TGCT entities have been subjected to a critical reappraisal. The tumour entities have been defined exactly to facilitate their coding according to the ICD-O system. The existing classification system have been subjected to a critical reappraisal and compared one to another as well as to our own classification as suggested by ourselves in 1974 and used since then. A detailed discussion and exact coding of well-defined entities is believed to permit an almost complete interconvertibility of the most significant classifications with that of ours and thus to form a reliable basis for amy form of comparison, including the therapeutic results. The bioptic examination of surgical specimens obtained by orchiectomy (other samples are regarded unsuitable) must be carried out in a standardized manner. This should permit not only the usual typing of the respective tumour but also the data necessary for proper tumour staging which today appears to be a natural prerequisite for rational treatment and its monitoring. The main principles of bioptic examination of testicular tumours have been summarized in brief.

Xanthogranulomatous processes in the area of the large vessels

Abstract: A case is described of 68 years old woman suffering from a peculiar xanthogranulomatous process terminated with fatal renal complication. The clinical symptomatology was not characteristic and did not lead to diagnosis during the life. The process was localized around the cerebral basilar arteries, and was also in close connection with the adventitia of the thoracic aorta and of coronary arteries. Identical xanthogranulomatous infiltrate was found in the peripelvic fat of both kidneys where it led to stenosis of proximal parts of both ureters; less extensive infiltrates were present periportally in the liver and in the bone marrow. Histological findings are suggestive of the diagnosis of Erdheim-Chester disease. The differential diagnosis of the process is discussed.

Rhabdomyoma of the vagina

Abstract: Three cases of benign vaginal rhabdomyoma were examined by light and electron microscopy. Frequency, localization, genesis, nomenclature, and differential diagnosis of the rare tumour were discussed.

The adult respiratory distress syndrome

Abstract: Adult respiratory distress syndrome may be caused by a large number of injurious agents. In the pathogenesis the damage to endothelial cells and membranous pneumocytes is most important. While the etiology is diverse, the pathology may be rather uniform, beginning from acute "exudative" stage, characterized by protein-rich interstitial and alveolar edema, and progressing to a subacute "proliferative" stage, ending in interstitial, and sometimes intraalveolar fibroplasia, together with alveolar cell hyperplasia. But secondary lesions and complications make the proper diagnosis based on morphological criteria quite difficult. A retrospective study of 20 autopsies of patients who died from adult respiratory distress syndrome after various causes is dealt with. Some difficulties with diagnostic criteria based on morphologic features alone are discussed, and the necessity of clinical and pathological correlations is emphasized.

The final picture of wound healing in CO2 laser scalpel surgery

Abstract: The terminal reparative phase was studied in wounds caused by carbon dioxide laser on rat skin, auricle, striated muscle, liver and spleen. Comparative histology was especially concerned with resorptive granulomas around carbonized tissue remnants. Presence of carbonized residua was connected with a more extensive fibrosis and seemed to lengthen the healing process.

Atypical forms of IgA nephropathy

Abstract: Six cases of a IgA nephropathy were presented that were atypical from the morphological point of view and had less favourable prognosis than a classic form. Immune deposits in glomerular basement membranes were found in all of them. Dominant clinical features were common microscopical hematuria and early proteinuria very conspicuous in several cases.