•Journal•ISSN: 0009-4293
Chimia
Swiss Chemical Society
About: Chimia is an academic journal published by Swiss Chemical Society. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Catalysis & Chemistry. It has an ISSN identifier of 0009-4293. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 2690 publications have been published receiving 29692 citations.
Topics: Catalysis, Chemistry, Computer science, Biology, Engineering
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the human-use antibiotic concentrations in hospital and municipal wastewaters and in the aquatic environment and discussed the input sources and behavior in wastewater treatment and rivers.
Abstract: Environmental analytical studies show that trace concentrations of antibacterial agents (antibiotics) occur in hospital and municipal wastewaters and in the aquatic environment. Fluoroquinolones and macrolides, two important human-use antibiotic classes, were studied in detail. The results are discussed regarding input sources and behavior in wastewater treatment and rivers. The fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin are substantially eliminated in wastewater treatment (80-90%) by sorption transfer to sewage sludge. In digested sludges the fluoroquinolones occur at mg/kg levels. Ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin are further removed in the Glatt river by 66 and 48%, respectively. The most abundant macrolide clarithromycin was detected at 57 to 330 ng/l concentrations in treated wastewater effluents. Different compositions of the macrolides (clarithromycin and erythromycin-H 2 O) determined in treated effluents of three wastewater treatment plants can be explained by distinct consumption patterns, in one case due to an international airport located in the catchment area. Residual levels of clarithromycin in the Glatt river were up to 75 ng/l with no apparent removal in the river. These results provide important information on environmental exposures, which can be incorporated into environmental risk assessments of the particular chemicals.
324 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Chimeric oligonucleotides with 2'-O-methoxyethyl ribonucleosides, 8b, in the wings and a central DNA-phosphorothioate window were shown to efficiently downregulate C-'raf' kinase and PKC-α messenger-RNA in tumor cell lines resulting in a profound inhibition of cell proliferation.
219 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The simultaneous use of a biocatalyst (lipase Candida antarctica) and a transition-metal catalyst (palladium) makes the dynamic kinetic resolution of racemic phenylethylamine possible, conversion to the enantiomerically pure N-acylated form being 75–77%.
219 citations
TL;DR: Two ruthenium compounds, namely [lmH]trans-[RuCL(lm)(dmso-S)] (NAMI-A, Im = imidazole) and [IndH] trans-[RuCl 4 (Ind) 2 ] (KP1019, Ind = indazole), have already completed phase I clinical trials as anticancer agents as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Two ruthenium compounds, namely [lmH]trans-[RuCL(lm)(dmso-S)] (NAMI-A, Im = imidazole) and [IndH] trans-[RuCl 4 (Ind) 2 ] (KP1019, Ind = indazole) have already completed phase I clinical trials as anticancer agents. They both have properties different from platinum anticancer drugs: for example, NAMI-A is selectively active against metastases of solid tumors. They show that in the field of anticancer metal drugs a new approach, based on targeted therapies, is possible. After a concise history of ruthenium anticancer compounds, this contribution will focus on ruthenium-dmso complexes and, in particular, on NAMI-A. Particular emphasis is given on the challenges that are inherent to this field: how to develop new anticancer ruthenium compounds and how to select new active compounds that manifest their anticancer activity through non-conventional mechanisms.
202 citations
TL;DR: Sadler et al. as discussed by the authors provided a personal account of the way in which they exploited the different properties of the organoruthenium (and osmium and rhodium) compds.
Abstract: Organometallic ruthenium compds. that are effective anticancer and antimetastasis agents are currently under intensive investigation (see also the article by Peter Sadler in this issue). This article provides a personal account of the way in which we have exploited the different properties of the organoruthenium (and osmium and rhodium) compds. to rival traditional DNA-binding platinum drugs, culminating in the discovery of a non-classical mol. that is in an advanced stage of pre-clin. evaluation.
200 citations