Showing papers in "Clay Minerals in 1960"
TL;DR: In this article, a I :I regular interstratification of chlorite and swelling chlorite is described. But it is suggested that the name corrensite be retained for the original material so described.
Abstract: Some minerals which have been referred to as corrensite are considered together with some related minerals. It is suggested that the name corrensite be retained for the original material so described namely, a I :I regular interstratification of chlorite and swelling chlorite. The possible constitution of swelling chlorite, its difference from vermiculite, and its relationship to labile chlorites produced synthetically are all discussed.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it is suggested that degraded illite supplied to the site of sedimentation had a bigher Na+ :K+ ratio than the illite now present in the shales and that post-depositional changes have caused a fall in this ratio.
Abstract: Analyses of shales, mudstones and associated strata from the British Coal Measures reflect the general similarity of the clay mineralogy of the rocks studied. Variations in the Na ~ :K+ ratio appear to be due to variations in the Na+ :K+ ratio in illite. It is suggested that degraded illite supplied to the site of sedimentation had a bigher Na+ :K+ ratio than the illite now present in the shales and that post-depositional changes have caused a fall in this ratio. Under conditions of rapid sedimentation such changes tend to be inhibited by rapid burial. In the seat earths, produced by very slow sedimentation, post-depositional changes continued to an advanced stage and resulted in low Na+ :K+ ratio in the final sedimentary rock.
32 citations
22 citations
TL;DR: Montmorillonite is found to be a predominant clay mineral in the < 2/z fraction of the A2 horizon of podzol profiles in Fennoscandia, even when these were only 300 years old.
Abstract: Montmorillonite is found to be a predominant clay mineral in the < 2/z fraction of the A2 horizon of podzol profiles in Fennoscandia, even when these are only 300 years old. Irt fractions between 2/~ and 20/~ vermiculite and. hydrobiotite predominate, but are rarely detected in the fraction coarser than 20/z. Vermiculite and hydrobiotite are also found in the finer fractions of the B horizon, but are only rarely detected in the C horizon where their presence is apparently due to contamination with interglacial or older products of weathering. The presence of kaolinite in some profiles is explicable in the same way.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the changes in X-ray diffraction patterns of layer silicates which result from dry heat-treatments below 550~ have been studied and the results are tabulated in order of increasing temperature at which these changes are observed; the structural implications are briefly considered.
Abstract: The changes in X-ray diffraction patterns of layer silicates which result from dry heat-treatments below 550~ have been studied and the results are tabulated in order of increasing temperature at which these changes are observed; the structural implications are briefly considered. In order to evaluate the effects of composition, particle size and disorder, synthetic clay minerals have been used in addition to natural clays. This summary of X-ray data may be of value in the identification of clay minerals in mixtures.
16 citations
TL;DR: A previous classification scheme for clay minerals is revised and extended; the underlying principles are analyzed in detail in this article, where the authors propose a new classification scheme based on the existing classification scheme.
Abstract: A previous classification scheme for clay minerals is revised and extended; the underlying principles are analyzed in detail.
14 citations
12 citations
9 citations
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that the behavior of a clay in an industrial process is often controlled by other factors, such as particle size distribution of the clay minerals and firing conditions, which must also be taken into consideration.
Abstract: The question is raised as to what extent a study of the clay mineralogy enables the detailed ceramic behaviour of a clay to be predicted. It is indicated that the behaviour of a clay in an industrial process is often controlled by other factors, such as particle size distribution of the clay minerals and firing conditions which must, therefore, also be taken into consideration.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, seven brickmaking clays from various geological horizons have been studied by differential thermal and X-ray methods, and the minerals detected included kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, swelling chlorite and calcite.
Abstract: ABSTR&CT Seven brickmaking clays from various geological horizons have been studied by differential thermal and X-ray methods. The minerals detected included kaolinite, illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, swelling chlorite, calcite and quartz, and rough estimates were made of the quantities present. For the same clays, deformation-under-load was measured at four different heating rates, and strength and water absorption were determined on fired blocks. No correlation between the firing properties and mineralogical constitution is observable.