Current Radiopharmaceuticals 

About: Current Radiopharmaceuticals is an academic journal published by Bentham Science Publishers. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Medicine & Internal medicine. It has an ISSN identifier of 1874-4710. Over the lifetime, 435 publications have been published receiving 5292 citations.

An Overview of Targeted Alpha Therapy with 225 Actinium and 213 Bismuth

Abstract: Background Recent reports of the remarkable therapeutic efficacy of 225Ac-labeled PSMA- 617 for therapy of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer have underlined the clinical potential of targeted alpha therapy. Objective and conclusion This review describes methods for the production of 225Ac and its daughter nuclide 213Bi and summarizes the current clinical experience with both alpha emitters with particular focus on recent studies of targeted alpha therapy of bladder cancer, brain tumors, neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer.

PET tracers based on Zirconium-89.

Abstract: Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies has always been a dynamic area in molecular imaging. With decay half-life (3.3 d) well matched to the circulation half-lives of antibodies (usually on the order of days), 89Zr has been extensively studied over the last decade. This review article will give a brief overview on 89Zr isotope production, the radiochemistry generally used for 89Zr-labeling, and the PET tracers that have been developed using 89Zr. To date, 89Zr-based PET imaging has been investigated for a wide variety of cancer-related targets, which include human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, epidermal growth factor receptor, prostate-specific membrane antigen, splice variant v6 of CD44, vascular endothelial growth factor, carbonic anhydrase IX, insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor, among others. With well-developed radiochemistry, commercial availability of chelating agents for 89Zr labeling, increasingly widely available isotope supply, as well as successful proof-of-principle in pilot human studies, it is expected that PET imaging with 89Zr-based tracers will be a constantly evolving and highly vibrant field in the near future.

Astatine-211: production and availability.

Abstract: The 7.2-h half life radiohalogen (211)At offers many potential advantages for targeted α-particle therapy; however, its use for this purpose is constrained by its limited availability. Astatine-211 can be produced in reasonable yield from natural bismuth targets via the (209)Bi(α,2n)(211)At nuclear reaction utilizing straightforward methods. There is some debate as to the best incident α-particle energy for maximizing 211At production while minimizing production of (210)At, which is problematic because of its 138.4-day half life α-particle emitting daughter, (210)Po. The intrinsic cost for producing (211)At is reasonably modest and comparable to that of commercially available (123)I. The major impediment to (211)At availability is attributed to the need for a medium energy α-particle beam for its production. On the other hand, there are about 30 cyclotrons in the world that have the beam characteristics required for (211)At production.

Bismuth-213 and actinium-225 -- generator performance and evolving therapeutic applications of two generator-derived alpha-emitting radioisotopes

Abstract: The alpha emitters (225)Ac and (213)Bi are promising therapeutic radionuclides for application in targeted alpha therapy of cancer and infectious diseases. Both alpha emitters are available with high specific activity from established radionuclide generators. Their favourable chemical and physical properties have led to the conduction of a large number of preclinical studies and several clinical trials, demonstrating the feasibility, safety and therapeutic efficacy of targeted alpha therapy with (225)Ac and (213)Bi. This review describes methods for the production of (225)Ac and (213)Bi and gives an overview of (225)Ac/(213)Bi radionuclide generator systems. Selected preclinical studies are highlighted and the current clinical experience with (225)Ac and (213)Bi is summarized.

Nanoparticles in Cancer

Abstract: Nano-engineered particles have been developed to reach specific molecular targets on diseased cells and have been used in various experimental and clinical conditions. The medical application involves diagnostic and therapeutic applications and a large deal of this research concerns malignant disease. Various approaches have been tried to effectively reach the cancer cell and PEGylated liposomes have demonstrated targeting and controlled release of antineoplastic drugs. For cancer diagnostics nanoparticles have been engineered to optimize magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound imaging and nuclear medicine imaging. Radiolabeled nanoparticles can also be used for therapeutic purposes when tagged with appropriate radionuclides. This article aims to provide an overview how nanomedicine is presently influencing drug design and, more specifically, the development of radiopharmaceuticals for cancer management.