DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 

About: DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Chemistry & Environmental science. Over the lifetime, 1314 publications have been published receiving 510 citations.

Efficient adsorptive removal of industrial dye from aqueous solution by synthesized zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 loaded date seed activated carbon and statistical physics modeling

Abstract: New adsorbents of DSAC@ZIF-8 (0.05:0.6) and DSAC@ZIF-8 (0.05:0.6) were prepared using date seed activated carbon (DSAC) loaded at zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). The obtained adsorbents DSAC@ZIF-8 (0.05:0.6) and DSAC@ZIF-8 (0.1:0.6) were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption/desorption tests at 77 K revealed the surface area to be 460.23 m 2 /g for DSAC@ZIF-8 (0.1:0.6). This material showed a high affinity for Gentian violet (GV) uptake from aqueous solutions: the maximum sorption capacity reached 638.99 mg/g at pH 9.0 and ambient temperature. Uptake kinetics and sorption isotherms were obtained and modelled using con-ventional and simple equations: the best results were respectively obtained with the pseudo- second-order rate equation and the Langmuir equation. The activation energy of absorption also was measured to be 15.87 kJ/mol, showing that the process of chemisorption is included. The distribution coefficient was obtained at different temperatures and the thermodynamic parameters have been calculated: the sorption is endothermic, spontaneous (especially at high relative temperature), and contributes to increasing the entropy (randomness) of the system. HCl (1.0 M) was used for GV desorption from DSAC@ZIF-8, and the sorbent could be efficiently recycled for a minimum of three sorption/desorption cycles. Therefore, sorbent could serve as a promising adsorbent for GV removal from industrial wastewater.

Implementing of eggplant peels as an efficient bio-adsorbent for treatment of oily domestic wastewater

Abstract: The removal of oil from domestic wastewater was achieved by implementing eggplant peels (EPP) powder as an efficient bio-adsorbent material. The batch adsorption process was adopted to reach the acceptable range that allowed in Iraqi standardizations, which should not exceed (10 mg L –1 ). The characterization of EPP was conducted with X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IF) spectroscopy, and Brunauer– Emmett–Teller (BET). Two variables were taken into consideration, including time and temperature. It was noticed that these two variables had an essential impact in decreasing oil concentration in domestic wastewater. The temperature has an excellent effect comparing with time in decreasing the oil concentration from domestic wastewater; as both time and temperature increased, the oil concentration decreased. Results manifested that the adsorption method was effective in decreasing the oil concentration. Also, the results elucidated that the adsorption isotherms can be reason- ably befitting via the Langmuir model due to the chemisorption that occurs on the surface between bio-adsorbent and pollutant with a determination coefficient of (0.8376). The adsorption kinetics of the oily west water upon the adsorbate was vigorously denoted via a pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The thermodynamic variables were assessed for determining free energy change (Δ G °), enthalpy change (Δ H °), and entropy change (Δ S °).

Preparation and application of polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane incorporating NaX zeolite for lead ions removal from aqueous solutions

Abstract: Polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membrane incorporating NaX zeolite crystals as an ion exchange material was prepared and examined for lead ions (Pb(II)) removal from aqueous solutions. A powder NaX zeolite was synthesized by a hydrothermal technique and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive analysis by X-ray (EDAX), and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Then, it was ground and added to a casting solution of 20%wt. PES in dimethylformamide (DMF). Mixed matrix membranes (MMM’s) of NaX zeolite/PES were fabricated using the phase inversion method. The prepared mem- branes were characterized in terms of permeability, contact angle, porosity, thickness, and surface morphology using SEM, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), EDAX, and FTIR. The effect of initial metal solution pH (2–7), initial metal ion concentration (50–200 ppm), and initial feed temperature (25°C, 36°C, and 46°C) on the treatment efficiency and permeate flux was investigated at trans- membrane pressure (TMP) of 1.6 bar. The results showed that the permeation flux of the prepared membranes was higher than the base membrane due to enhancing the membrane’s properties such as hydrophilicity by adding NaX zeolite. The highest removal percentage of Pb(II) ions (97%) was obtained at pH solution of 6, temperature solution of 25°C, TMP of 1.6 bar, and initial Pb(II) ions concentration of 50 ppm using M3. It was found that M3 has a much higher adsorption capacity than the other prepared membranes.

Plasmon-induced ZnO-Ag/AgCl photocatalyst for degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride

Abstract: a b s t r a c t The release of a large number of antibiotics to the environment has created a shade of sorrow in the scientific community. This work reports the preparation of efficient plasmon-induced ZnO-Ag/ AgCl photocatalysts by in-situ coprecipitation and hydrothermal methods, and applied for the deg- radation of tetracycline hydrochloride antibiotic under visible light irradiation. The ZnO-Ag/AgCl composites were characterized by XRD, TEM-EDS, DRS, XPS and PL. The photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO was significantly improved by introducing proper amount of Ag/AgCl. The improved photocatalytic activity is due to the surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag metal and charge separa- tion in the nanocomposite material. The obtained results showed that ZnO-Ag/AgCl photocatalyst had higher photocatalytic activity compare to pure ZnO. The amount optimized sample containing 30% Ag/AgCl decomposed 80.7% tetracycline hydrochloride in 2 h. From trapping experiments, it was concluded that super oxide anions were the main degrading species involved in the degrada- tion of tetracycline hydrochloride. Finally, charge transfer mechanism was proposed based on the obtained results and active species involved in the degradation process. In conclusion, the synthe- sized ZnO-Ag/AgCl composite photocatalyst has a good potential for environmental remediation.

Assessment of Brilliant Green and Eriochrome Black T dyes adsorption onto fava bean peels: kinetics, isotherms and regeneration study

Abstract: This research aims to assess the employability of fava bean peels (FBP) as low-cost adsorbents in the removal of Brilliant Green (BG) and Eriochrome Black T (EBT) from aqueous solutions and therefore in colored wastewater treatment. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and pHPZC were used to characterize these materials. The constants of Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich have all been determined. The adsorption capacity of BG and EBT was 28.14 and 7.91 mg g–1, respectively, at 5 g L–1 FBP dose, 40 mg L–1 initial dye concentration, temperature 20°C, and contact time BG (80 min) and EBT (40 min). The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of BG was endothermic and exothermic for EBT. The isotherm studies show that the adsorption experimental data of both dyes are fitted well by the Freundlich isotherm model. The adsorption of the two dyes studied on fava bean peels is perfectly described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Cyclic experiments have indicated that the current bio-adsorbent can be effectively reused to remove BG and EBT from aqueous solutions. Removal efficiencies remained above 84% and 10% for BG and EBT respectively even after four adsorption–desorption cycles. As a consequence of these relevant results, our inexpensive and environmentally friendly material could provide enormous application prospects in large-scale wastewater treatment in the industrial level.