Showing papers in "EMPIRIA: Revista de Metodología de Ciencias Sociales in 2012"
Journal Article•
49 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors address several methodological issues related with triangular group and propose a methodological de-deve lopment of triangular group in different contexts and for many topics.
Abstract: Triangular group has shown its utility as a research technique in different contexts and for many topics, but has had relatively little methodological deve lopment. This paper addresses several methodological issues related with triangular
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a bibliographic review is combined with a contribution based on research experience from the author in the research process, where several mechanisms are proposed to balance symbolic power of adult moderator in focus groups.
Abstract: Nowadays presence of children as observation subjects is a frequent practice. Specific methods are developed (or conventional ones are adapted) in attentionto the cognitive or communicational profile of children. In two recent researches, some adjustments have been applied to the structure and the dynamics ofthe focal groups according to the peculiarities of these subjects. Also, vignetteshave been introduced as a complementary methodological instrument. In this paper,a bibliographic review is combined with a contribution based on research experiencefrom the author in the research process. Several mechanisms are proposedto balance symbolic power of adult moderator in focus groups. Also,visual vignettes are vindicated given that they may be used as complementaryinstrument that makes possible the participants transmit their values, projectingtheir perceptions on circumstances that the vignettes represent
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the extraordinary influence historical migration of Basques ( sixteenth to nineteenth centuries ) have had in the rest of Spain and the impact that migration of this century the Basque Country have been in the mix of those residing currently in the territory.
Abstract: En este trabajo se analiza la extraordinaria influencia que las migraciones historicas de los vascos (siglos xvi al xix) han tenido en el resto de Espana, asi como la incidencia que las migraciones del presente siglo al Pais Vasco han tenido en la mezcla de quienes residen actualmente en dicho territorio. Asimismo, se analiza el modo en que han contribuido a dicha mezcla los matrimonios y uniones estables de nacidos dentro y fuera del Pais Vasco, asi como la fecundidad diferencial de las mujeres en funcion de sus lugares de nacimiento. La informacion utilizada para esta investigacion ha sido, principalmente, el Censo de Poblacion de 1991 y la Encuesta Sociodemografica que le sirvio de complemento. La mayor originalidad del trabajo se debe al cruce informatico, con las consiguientes garantias de confidencialidad, del Censo Electoral y del Nomenclator de Apellidos Vascos que ha publicado recientemente la Real Academia de la Lengua Vasca. La peculiaridad de los apellidos vascos, de inconfundible raiz toponimica, ha permitido apreciar las frecuencias de apariciones de dichos apellidos, en el Pais Vasco y en el resto de Espana, y analizar la mezcla de la poblacion con una proyeccion historica de incalculable valor. This paper examines the extraordinary influence historical migration of Basques ( sixteenth to nineteenth centuries ) have had in the rest of Spain , and the impact that migration of this century the Basque Country have been in the mix of those residing currently in the territory. It also discusses how they contributed to the mixture of stable marriages and births within and outside the Basque Country, and differential fertility of women according to their birthplaces . The information used for this research has been mainly the 1991 Population Census and sociodemographic survey that was complementary . The main originality of the work is due to the crossing computer , with attendant guarantees of confidentiality , and the Electoral Census Surname List of Basques who recently released the Royal Academy of the Basque Language . The peculiarity of the Basque surname of toponymic root unmistakable , have under-estimated the frequency of occurrences of these names , the Basque Country and the rest of Spain , and analyze the mix of the population with a priceless historical projection .
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a multilevel qualitative analysis (MQA), a procedure for analyzing qualitative information, and in particular for analyzing the information provided by in-depth interviews.
Abstract: In this article we present the use of what we have called a Multilevel QualitativeAnalysis (MQA), a procedure for analyzing qualitative information, and inparticular for analyzing the information provided by in-depth interviews. The featuresof this analytical design are the following: a) it contains procedures forquantifying information, other than the ones used by qualitative data analysisprogrammes; b) it requires the qualitative information to be operationalized inthe form of categorized variables and always respecting the principle of parsimony;c) it is an open model, which can incorporate a variety of quantitativeanalytical developments and procedures; d) it is a combined design that requiresthe sequential use of various procedures; e) finally, it can create types that can beused to better interpret discourse, so it contextualizes the discourse analysis. Thestages of analysis design are sequential and begin at the level of text categorization,which operationalizes the information. In the second stage, the structuralrelationalstage, the relation between the categories is analyzed and the distancebetween the subjects (proximity/difference) is measured. And in the third, socialhermeneuticstage, the significance of the discourse is reproduced and contextualized.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a naturalistic approach based on what we call social learning assessor and our radical Homo suadens condition is proposed to examine human cultures from an evolutionary perspective.
Abstract: El intento de Darwin de analizar la cultura y la conducta humana desde un punto de vista naturalista no tuvo una acogida favorable entre la mayor parte de los pensadores que han elaborado los fundamentos de las ciencias sociales. Las tradiciones que configuran el cuerpo central de teoria en las ciencias sociales, el llamado por algunos Modelo estandar (ME), comparten la conviccion de que las culturas constituyen sistemas que pueden ser interpretados de manera autorreferencial, sin tener en cuenta las caracteristicas psicobiologicas de la naturaleza humana. Sin embargo, desde hace unos anos, distintas aproximaciones naturalistas han retomada con fuerza el enfoque darwinista e intentan examinar la cultura desde una perspectiva evolucionista. En este articulo, desde una aproximacion naturalista propia, basada en lo que denominamos el aprendizaje social assessor y en nuestra radical condicion de Homo suadens, establecemos un dialogo critico con el ME, tratando de mostrar las causas de la obstinada resistencia que demuestran los individuos cuando se les quiere someter a las categorias, causalidades y determinismos de los discursos cientifico-sociales del ME, y se les obliga a dejarse narrar por ellos. Darwin’s attempt to analyze the human culture and behavior from a naturalistic point of view was not sympathetically received by most of the thinkers who have developed the foundations of the social sciences. The traditions that form the main body of social science theory, —the so called Standard Model (SM)-, share the belief that human cultures are systems that can be understood in a selfreferential manner, regardless any psychobiological characteristics of human nature. However, in recent years, different naturalistic approaches try to examine human cultures from an evolutionary perspective. In this article, from our own naturalistic approach, based on what we call social learning assessor and our radical Homo Suadens condition, we set up a critical dialogue with the SM, intending to show the causes of the stubborn resistance shown by individuals when they are subjected to the whole frame of categories, causality and determinism of social scientific discourse and its powerful narratives.
5 citations
TL;DR: Un curioso debate sobre la naturaleza de la sociologia and its relationes con otros campos cientificos, en el definitorio momento de su emergencia como disciplina-academica, tuvo lugar entre Gabriel Tarde y Emile Durkheim en la Ecole des Hautes Etudes Sociales en 1903 (en el inicio del curso 1903-1904: en diciembre-de 1903).
Abstract: Un curioso debate sobre la naturaleza de la Sociologia y sus relaciones con otros campos cientificos, en el definitorio momento de su emergencia como disciplina academica, tuvo lugar entre Gabriel Tarde y Emile Durkheim en la Ecole des Hautes Etudes Sociales en 1903 (en el inicio del curso 1903-1904: en diciembre de 1903).
3 citations
Abstract: La fuente de datos mas importante en Espana sobre la violencia de genero en parejas heterosexuales es la serie de Macroencuestas del Instituto de la Mujer (1999, 2002, 2006) Sin embargo, los indicadores que en ella se utilizan para detectarla sufren una serie de problemas y limitaciones que comprometen el valor de los datos que generan Presentamos aqui los principales resultados de la investigacion que sustenta tal afirmacion Mostramos sus dificultades para distinguir entre conflicto y violencia y para asumir la naturaleza relacional e historica tanto de las relaciones de genero como del vinculo de pareja, la posible inhibicion de respuestas afirmativas por el enmarcado de la encuesta, la problematica vaguedad y polisemia en algunos indicadores y unas formas de expresion que minusvaloran tanto la importancia del contexto de enunciacion cuanto el que su interpretacion varia con el genero Por ultimo se incluyen algunas recomendaciones para mejorar el analisis y diagnostico de la violencia de genero en las parejas heterosexuales en Espana The more valued and used source of quantitative data about gendered violencein heterosexual couples in Spain is the «Macroencuesta» (Instituto de laMujer, 1999, 2002, 2006) However, the items and indexes implemented in thatsurvey have problems and limits which can compromise the data generated bythem Here, we present the main results of a research sustaining this assertionWe focus on its troubles in distinguishing conflict and violence and in assumingthe relational and historical foundations both of intimate relationships and genderrelations, the eventual inhibition of affirmative answers because of the framing,the problematic vagueness and polysemy in many of the items and formulationsthat underestimate both the significance of contexts of enunciation andthe fact that their interpretation is not gender-free Finally, some recommendationscome up in order to improve our diagnoses and analysis of gender violencein heterosexual intimate relationships
3 citations
Journal Article•
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a reflection on the statistical model and its use in the field of social sciences is presented, which tries to study the theoretical and methodological foundations of the discipline and the study of its history.
Abstract: El presente articulo es una reflexion sobre el modelo estadistico y su utilizacion en el ambito de las ciencias sociales. En el se plantea estudiar los fundamentos teorico-metodologicos de la disciplina asi como el estudio de su Historia. Conocer el contexto historico del pensamiento estadistico y sus principales desarrollos matematicos, junto a los problemas practicos concretos a los que fueron dirigidos, constituye en la actualidad la principal via de desarrollo de la investigacion social cuantitativa. This article is a reflection on the statistical model and its use in the field of social sciences . It tries to study the theoretical and methodological foundations of the discipline and the study of its history . Knowing the historical context of statistical thinking and its major mathematical developments , with specific practical problems to which they were directed , is currently the main mode of development of quantitative social research .
2 citations
TL;DR: The deporte ocupa un lugar central, dentro del ocio y los estilos de vida, in las sociedades actuales, así que no dudan en destacar su imbricacion con la salud y el bienestar de las personas as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: El deporte ocupa un lugar central, dentro del ocio y los estilos de vida, en las sociedades actuales. Los investigadores no dudan en destacar su imbricacion con la salud y el bienestar de las personas.
TL;DR: A new area of research led, surprisingly, by economists, is starting to make important contributions in the study of human evolution as mentioned in this paper, which can be classified as a new field of research.
Abstract: Since the publication of The Origin of Species in 1859 and The Descent of Man in 1871, two of Darwin’s major works, the scientific study of the evolution of the specific characteristics of humans has been the subject of great efforts from various areas of research. Today, after more than a Century, impressive results have accumulated on what may «make us human», separating us from from other primates, and how it may have evolved. In recent years a new area of research led, surprisingly, by economists, is starting to make important contributions in the study of human evolution.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a system of indicators to evaluate cultural empowerment policies in a Spanish municipality by means of a case study, based on a view of the literature and a process of expert validation.
Abstract: The evaluation of public policies and social and cultural policies in particular, continues to be an objective in the modernization of local government. Theaim of this paper is to provide a tool for applying in evaluation process. The toolis a system of indicators to cultural empowerment policies. A proposal thatallows us not only to obtain information regarding the management of local governments, but one which also contributes to producing change and high lighting possible intervention strategies for said governments. Our proposal is based on areview of the literature and a process of expert validation, the results of whichare applied to a Spanish municipality by means of a case study. The research wehave conducted provides evidence of a lack of evaluative instruments in thedomain of public policies. It also proposes and describes a system of indicatorsaimed at municipal managers and politicians interested in evaluating the actionsand strategies they implement in this domain of local empowerment policies. Atthe same time, this instrument should also make it possible to identify requirementsand orientate future lines of action with a view to improving such policies,thus encouraging the development of municipal policies in this domain
TL;DR: The debate over election polls provides insights into the symbolic universe built around the polls, by analyzing the rhetorical and the categories used as mentioned in this paper, making explicit the subjective aspects of the objectification of the intention to vote on the measure.
Abstract: La publicacion en la prensa de los datos de las encuestas y los argumentos a favor o en contra, despues del «fallo» de las predicciones, reflejan las diferencias en los discursos de politicos, medios de comunicacion e institutos de investigacion. El debate sobre las encuestas electorales, permiten conocer el universo simbolico construido alrededor de los sondeos, mediante el analisis de las figuras retoricas y las categorias empleadas. Las diferencias substantivas entre los pronosticos de los sondeos y el resultado de las elecciones, producen la ruptura del consenso acerca le la encuesta como objeto cientifico, haciendo explicitos los aspectos subjetivos de la objetivacion de la intencion de voto en la medida. The publication in the press of the survey data and the arguments for or against , after the "failure" of forecasts , reflecting differences in the speeches of politicians , media and research institutes . The debate over election polls provide insights into the symbolic universe built around the polls, by analyzing the rhetorical and the categories used . The substantive differences between the predictions of polls and election results , produce the breakdown of consensus about the survey you as a scientific object , making explicit the subjective aspects of the objectification of the intention to vote on the measure.
TL;DR: Despite his prestige, Darwin convinced only a few of his contemporaries that he had the correct theory of the origin of the human mind, and here he sketches his own theory of gene-culture coevolution.
Abstract: Darwin believed that his theory of evolution would stand or fall on its ability to account for human behavior. The ideas in the Descent of Man were widely discussed by his contemporaries although they were far from the only evolutionary theories current in the late 19th Century. Darwin’s specific evolutionary ideas and those of his main followers had very little impact on the social sciences as they emerged as separate disciplines in the early 20th Century. The social and biological sciences continued to diverge until the late part of the twentieth century. In the 1960s, Donald T. Campbell, an American social psychologist, published some of the first theoretical work that adapted principles of evolutionary theory to the problem of the evolution of cultures. Since the pioneering work of Campbell several research programmes on evolutionary approaches to human culture have been developed. Here we sketch our own theory of gene-culture coevolution. Despite his prestige, Darwin convinced only a few of his contemporaries that he had the correct theory of the origin of the human mind. His strongest influence was on the pioneering psychologists, Romanes, Morgan, James, and Baldwin, but their importance in psychology waned drastically after the turn of the 20th Century (Richards, 1987). No 20th Century social science derives any significant influence from the Descent of Man, and to this day, eminent social scientists are quite hostile to Darwinism. How can it be that a theory can generate so much controversy, and yet not attract enough critical work to test its worth for over a century? Can we flesh out a satisfactory theory of the evolution of human behavior along Darwinian lines, or is the enterprise really fatally flawed?
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose several questions in which the bio-sociological perspective can make some interesting contributions on secrecy as same as gardening involves nature and culture, in which they have tried to propose several interesting contributions, including how a particular human being can learn secrets management, as well as the possible bio-psychosocial benefits of keeping, sharing or revealing them.
Abstract: Utilizando el simil de la jardineria en la que la biologia y la cultura se entretejen casi como en ninguna actividad humana, pretendemos avanzar algunas cuestiones en las que la perspectiva bio-sociologica puede hacer algunas aportaciones de interes al estudio del secreto. La filogenesis de los comportamientos implicados en el secreto, como la ocultacion o el engano puede ser clarificada desde la biologia. La ontogenesis acabaria por senalar como, desde la bio-psicologia, un humano concreto puede aprender a manejar secretos, asi como los posibles beneficios bio-psicosociales de guardar, compartir o romperlos, y el papel del secreto en la lucha por la vida. Quedaria el campo de investigacion de posibles impulsos biologicos en el secreto y aquellas cuestiones biologicas sobre las que guardamos secretos los humanos. We have tried to propose several questions in which the bio-sociological perspective can make some interesting contributions on secrecy as same as gardening involves nature and culture. Biology can clarify concepts implied in behaviour phylogeny such as covering or deception. From a bio-psychological point of view, ontogeny would point out how a particular human being can learn secrets management, as well as the possible bio-psychosocial benefits of keeping, sharing or revealing them, and how secret shapes the struggle for life. There is still a lot to investigate on the issue of the possible biological drives over secrets and which biological matters human beings keep secrets about.
TL;DR: The doctrina del shock sostiene que toda crisis, real o percibida, da lugar a cambios concretos en los que el capitalismo siempre saca ventaja as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: La tesis de la doctrina del shock sostiene que toda crisis, real o percibida, da lugar a cambios concretos en los que el capitalismo siempre saca ventaja.
TL;DR: El feminismo es el gran discurso actual, la narración contemporanea que conecta con el resto de temas and que in this ensayo se repasan desde un punto de vista biografico y fragmentario as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: El feminismo es el gran discurso actual, la narracion contemporanea que conecta con el resto de temas y que en este ensayo se repasan desde un punto de vista biografico y fragmentario.
TL;DR: In this article, an approach to this reality through syncretic cults which, via Latin American countries as Brazil, have been esta blished in Spain through migration, developing their own evolution here.
Abstract: Magic-religious practices and prostitution are two phenomena with inte resting linking points. This article discusses an approach to this reality through syncretic cults which, via Latin American countries as Brazil, have been esta blished in Spain through migration, developing their own evolution here. The
TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that there are no fundamental ontological nor epistemological differences between the natural and the social sciences, though the social realm is so complex and unstable that it makes it difficult the emergence (and hence the discovery) of significant robust regularities.
Abstract: It is argued that there are no fundamental ontological nor epistemological differences between the natural and the social sciences, though the social realm is so complex and unstable that it makes it difficult the emergence (and, hence, the discovery) of significant robust regularities As a suggestion of how social sciences might be ‘naturalised’, an abstract model of normative based behaviour is also presented, such that it is coherent with empirical discoveries in cognitive sciences and capable of being implemented in computer simulations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A large number of scientists believe that the theory of evolution would stand or fall on its ability to account for human behavior, and some believe it should be rewritten as “ Darwin's Law”.
Abstract: Resumen en: Darwin believed that his theory of evolution would stand or fall on its ability to account for human behavior. The ideas in the Descent of Man were widel...
Journal Article•
TL;DR: This article argued that there are no fundamental ontological nor epistemological differences between the natural and the social sciences, though the social rea cation is different from the natural sciences.
Abstract: Resumen en: It is argued that there are no fundamental ontological nor epistemological differences between the natural and the social sciences, though the social rea...