Showing papers in "Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues in 2018"
TL;DR: In this article, the ontological unity of industrial ecology and logistics is brought to light: they simultaneously study the different, mutually reinforcing aspects of the industrial system's performance through the accentuation of the flow form of the organization of the movement of resources, information, and energy as an object of regulation in such system.
Abstract: The impossibility to define the clear and uniform operational guidelines for the implementation of sustainable development policy globally proves the necessity to consider the regional level as the key in terms of developing and implementing modern models of sustainable development, in particular, eco-industrial parks and circular economy projects. It substantiates the need to develop and use the modern innovative methodological approaches to the formation of the relevant regional policy. The circular economy proceeds from the flow-based understanding of the character of the production, distribution, exchange, and consumption of goods in the socioeconomic system and, consequently, the turnover of resources and energy within this system. It determines the need for complex analysis and regulation of material and energy flows. These issues constitute the scope of research of industrial ecology and, at the same time, logistics. This causes the question of the integration of these disciplines within the system of scientific and methodological support of the processes of formation and implementation of the policy of sustainable region's development that is as yet little investigated. The article studies the theoretical and methodological foundations of the industrial ecology and logistics, such as objects, goals, methodological principles and approaches, methods, organizational forms, etc. On this basis the ontological unity of these disciplines is brought to light: they simultaneously study the different, mutually reinforcing aspects of the industrial system's performance through the accentuation of the flow form of the organization of the movement of resources, information, and energy as an object of regulation in such system. The integration of the "environmental" vision of material flows of the regional system, as is characteristic of the industrial ecology, with their "economic" content, which characterizes the structure of the regional economic system and constitutes the object of the logistics studies, should be considered as the basis for the formation and implementation of the policy aimed to achieve the region's sustainable development goals.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the technological, resource and economic capacity of the Far East, the first stages of a cooperation between Russia and the largest gas importers in the Pacific Rim are described, the main projects and fields contributing to the development of cooperation between the countries are also considered.
Abstract: In this article are considered by authors the technological, resource and economic capacity of the Far East, the first stages of a cooperation between Russia and the largest gas importers in the Pacific Rim are described, the main projects and fields contributing to the development of a cooperation between the countries are also considered. Statistical methods of the analysis act as methodological base of a research. In modern conditions in relation to the energy sector of Russia (imposition of sanctions by the western countries) there is a reorientation of export deliveries to the EU to Asia-Pacific countries. In these conditions the Far East of Russia acts as a large oil and gas source which has advantages and opportunities to compete in the Asian market, using not only the favorable investment climate, but also the infrastructure developed for today's time. The carried-out analysis showed that Russia is the largest suppliers in the market of Asia-Pacific countries. Constantly interest in the Russian energy resources in the Asian market grows. It is connected with a geographical location of Russia, with high inventories of hydrocarbons in the Far East, safety of deliveries, low policy risks, etc.
49 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative analysis of the main indicators of informatization of the society of Russia and some leading foreign countries for the period of 2005-2015 was carried out.
Abstract: The paper analyzes some financial, tax, information, communication, infrastructural, technological and organizational mechanisms of innovative activity promotion in conditions of transition to a digital economy. End-to-end technologies including "Big Data", "New Production Technologies", "Quantum Technologies", "Technologies of Virtual and Augmented Realities", the possibilities of their application in various sectors of the national economy were singled out and analyzed. The role of end-to-end technologies in the development of the Russian economy and promotion of innovative activities of companies was studied. A comparative analysis of the main indicators of informatization of the society of Russia and some leading foreign countries for the period of 2005-2015 was carried out. The conclusions were made about an insufficient use of the Internet in Russia, primarily in rural areas, which hindered the social progress of Russian society. The leading role of digital (information) technologies in solving social problems, including education, social services and healthcare, was defined. The necessity of development of electronic services in the sphere of education and health was proved. Ways of cluster development based on the example of the Kaluga Region in the development of digital technologies were studied. The influence of development institutions on stimulating innovation activity in Russia was analyzed.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the psychogram method as a tool for human resource management, the use of which is provided by the availability of platform technologies in the modern digital economy.
Abstract: The article describes the psychogram method as a tool for human resource management. The article describes the psychogram method as a tool for human resource management, the use of which is provided by the availability of platform technologies in the modern digital economy. The presence in the market space of firms that provide platform services for complex psychological diagnosis enables the manager to adequately assess the required behavioral competencies of the applicant, using as a standard the system of basic parameters corresponding to this position. The system of basic parameters is formed on the basis of the method of blitz-psychogram after passing by professional employees of this firm professional tests based on platform technologies. This allows the company to identify the character traits, motivation, preferred activities and role in the team with efficient employees with minimal own expenses. Applicants who meet the parameters of a psychographic portrait will be internally motivated for this type of activity. This will further reduce the risk of staff turnover, increase the effectiveness of training and the effectiveness of other actions of human resources management by activating the employee's internal motivation in this type of activity.
46 citations
TL;DR: There is no single method that would be appropriate for all companies, so further work can be targeted at establishing a multi-criteria performance evaluation method that will satisfy the needs of a particular business’ activity and targets for evaluation.
Abstract: The evaluation of a company's performance is an integral part of the management of every company, which allows determining the impact of business management decisions on the performance results, as well as the direction of the results and the decisions that need to be made to improve them. Traditionally, a company's performance is evaluated on the basis of an analysis of financial performance indicators, but it is noted that in today's dynamic business environment the timely control of the performance is crucial, thus, there is an increasing attention on non-financial performance indicators. The aim of the article is to investigate and compare the modern methods for company performance evaluation that are based on the analysis of financial and non-financial performance indicators. The research is carried out using systematic analysis of scientific literature, comparison, and aggregation methods. First of all, the article unfolds the essence of the concept of the company performance evaluation and highlights the differences between traditional and modern performance evaluation systems. Moreover, the advantages of non-financial performance indicators are compared with financial indicators. Furthermore, a classification scheme for performance evaluation methods is provided; by identifying their main advantages and disadvantages the most popular and widely used modern performance evaluation methods are overviewed: economic value added method, balanced scorecard, performance prism, performance pyramid, six-sigma model and multi-criteria company performance evaluation method. Finally, according to certain criteria, a comparative analysis of the latter methods is performed. The comparative analysis confirms that non-financial performance indicators complement financial indicators; therefore, in the process of a company's performance evaluation, modern performance evaluation methods, combining financial and non-financial performance indicators and allowing the performance to be evaluated both quantitatively and qualitatively, should be used. However, there is no single method that would be appropriate for all companies, so further work can be targeted at establishing a multi-criteria performance evaluation method that would satisfy the needs of a particular business' activity and targets for evaluation.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the importance of Information Technology businesses and youth's interest in entrepreneurial initiatives in connection with IT based businesses and find that students are motivated to establish ventures of their own even at small level.
Abstract: This paper aims to identify the importance of Information Technology businesses and youth's interest in entrepreneurial initiatives in connection with IT based businesses. The data was collected using questionnaire from final year students of entrepreneurship and computer sciences enrolled in Bachelors, so as to get a profound picture of their intention, motivation and ability to enter in IT related entrepreneurial ventures. As descriptive statistics was used to analyze the findings, the study depicts great motivation among final year graduates to enter in entrepreneurial ventures. They are found to be motivated to establish ventures of their own even at small level. Therefore, SMEs can play vital role in assisting and fostering entrepreneurial activity with special focus on Information Technology businesses. In addition, the research limitation could be the fact that data has been collected from top universities/ institutes in which intellect level of students is competitively high, thus their liking to entre and understanding regarding SMEs and entrepreneurial initiatives is better than students of ordinary institutes. Also, the results could have been deviated if same research was applied in countries with varying demographics. As for practical implementations, the research may be vital for SMEs officials to foresee the entrepreneurial spirit among youth and to design policies accordingly. Also, it opens horizons for information Technology students to consider entrepreneurial careers other than simply applying for jobs in software houses/ organizations. Also, no prior research has been carried out in analyzing the mutual relation of Entrepreneurship and Information Technology businesses, neither the outcome/ joint effect of both has been studied together.
40 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors study the procedural approach to the organization knowledge potential management, to distinguish the main knowledge management processes and to present suggestions on how to improve the knowledge management process model.
Abstract: In the context of globalization and transformations, the knowledge potential management is an effective tool for increasing the effectiveness of organizations. The aim of the research is to study the procedural approach to the organization knowledge potential management, to distinguish the main knowledge management processes and to present suggestions on how to improve the knowledge management process model. The organization's knowledge potential in this study is defined, as the organization's resources and market opportunities, generating its knowledge potential, complexity and effective management of which create prerequisites for meeting the changing individual user needs, creating reciprocal value, uniqueness and leadership in the global marketplace. The conceptual knowledge management process model has been improved, based on the research. The first step in the model is the choice of a knowledge strategy, covering aspects of the formation and selection of strategic decision-making in knowledge potential management. The choice of an appropriate knowledge strategy brings to its implementation through a process of knowledge management cycle, consisting of knowledge acquisition, sharing, development, preservation and application of it. The knowledge management process model is completed with an evaluation of the knowledge strategy implementation.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed and tested a model based on the theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with addition of some psychological variables to figure out the antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions of Saudi undergraduate business students.
Abstract: The present study has developed and tested a model based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with addition of some psychological variables to figure out the antecedents of entrepreneurial intentions of Saudi undergraduate business students. A sample of 550 students were taken. Responses were collected by a self administered questionaire and analysed by using a univariate statistics and Partial Least Square (PLS) Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The study has emerged with behavioral and personality antecedents (Attitude, Subjective Norm, Internal locus of control, need for achievement and propensity to take risk) of entrepreneurial intent among Saudi students. The results underpin the idea that personality factors along with the behavioral factors strengthen the predictibility of intentions to be involved in an entrepreneurial behavior.
37 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the effect of the formation of cluster organizations on the innovation performance of member enterprises in two different industries (the traditional textile manufacturing industry and the new nanotechnology industry).
Abstract: The present paper assesses the effect of the formation of cluster organisations on the innovation performance of member enterprises in two different industries – the traditional textile manufacturing industry and the new nanotechnology industry. Innovation performance is explored using Data Envelopment Analysis in two phases. In the first phase, it examines the ability of enterprises to transform resources (labour force, long-term capital, intellectual capital) into registered industrial property rights: patents, utility models, industrial designs, and trademarks. In the second phase, it assesses the ability of enterprises to commercialise industrial property rights and generate profits. Innovation performance then integrates both phases. In each industry, two samples were assessed: member enterprises of cluster organisations, and enterprises that operate in the same industry and region but are not members of a cluster organisation. The results of the research show that the existence of a cluster organisation has a greater effect on innovation performance in the traditional textile manufacturing industry. In contrast, in the new nanotechnology industry, the existence of a cluster organisation did not prove to have any significant effect on innovation effectiveness. In this industry, the existence of a cluster organisation had only a partial effect related to better industrial property rights commercialisation. Research shows that the type of industry is an important factor in the innovation performance of clustered enterprises.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the impact of key factors that affect the countries' competitive positions with a focus on Slovakia and concluded that it is necessary to clarify the causes of their development and eliminate these identified factors as soon as possible.
Abstract: The issue of countries' competitiveness and sustainable economic growth is constantly at the centre of interest and represents the frequent object of research in economic theory as well as economic practice. The multi-criterial approach and the assessment methodologies relating to the global competitiveness have been dynamically adjusted over the recent years to reflect the current globalization trends in the world economy. The main objective of this study is to analyse the objectivity and resulting values' deviations of the Global competitiveness Index (GCI) and World Competitiveness Index (WCI) composite indexes that are currently considered to be the world's most respected and to identify the impact of key factors that affect the countries' competitive positions with a focus on Slovakia. The research study is realized within the group of EU (24) countries for the period 2006 – 2016. The partial objective is to summarize the main starting points of the World Economic Forum (WEF) and Institute for Management Development (IMD) composing these indices, to identify their common features and different approaches that create differences in the results achieved. Then we analyzed the differences between the resulting rankings and the resulting scores of the GCI and WCI rated countries. In the next part, we focused on analyzing the position of Slovakia using the correlation and multiple regression analysis and identifying the interrelationships between individual pillars and the GCI score in order to determine the impact of key factors that influence the competitive position and sustainable growth of Slovakia and improve or worsen its position. Our results highlighted the economic and statistical context of GCI Slovakia development and the impact of the following key pillars and key factors: pillar P1 (P1: Institutions – Public trust in politicians), pillar P3 (P3: Macroeconomic environment – Government debt) and pillar P11 (P11: Business sophistication – Nature of competitive advantage). All three pillars, identified as crucial to the development of the overall Slovakias' GCI scores, occupy unflattering positions in the comparison of pillar rankings. Therefore, we conclude that it is necessary to clarify the causes of their development and eliminate these identified factors as soon as possible. The results can be seen as beneficial to countries' economic policies in increasing global competitiveness.
35 citations
TL;DR: The analysis of MCDM methods performed in this study provides a guide for the use of these methods, especially the ones based on interval data, in investment project analysis and proposes a combination of multi-criterial selection and interval preferences to evaluate investment projects.
Abstract: Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods have evolved for various types of applications. In the past, even small variations to existing methods have led to the creation of new avenues for research. Thus, in this study, we review the MCDM methods in investment management and examine the advantages and disadvantages of these methods in a risk environment. In addition, we study the effectiveness of investment projects using these methods. The analysis of MCDM methods performed in this study provides a guide for the use of these methods, especially the ones based on interval data, in investment project analysis. Furthermore, we propose a combination of multi-criterial selection and interval preferences to evaluate investment projects. Our method improves on the method of calculating economic efficiency based on a one-dimensional criterion and sensitivity analysis, though our proposal involves complicated calculations.
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative entrepreneurial analysis of modern combined-cycle power generation technologies and future-oriented high-efficiency oxy-fuel combustion cycles with zero emissions is presented, where the main criteria for sustainable development are identified the generation technology that provides the lowest cost of electricity supply and the maximum economic efficiency of investments with equally high environmental indicators.
Abstract: This paper provides a comparative entrepreneurial analysis of modern combined-cycle power generation technologies and future-oriented high-efficiency oxy-fuel combustion cycles with zero emissions. Considering the main criteria for sustainable development, we identify the generation technology that provides the lowest cost of electricity supply and the maximum economic efficiency of investments with equally high environmental indicators. Based on a comprehensive literature review and comparison of the technical and economic parameters of modern and forward-looking generation technologies under different economic conditions, the paper develops and presents the path of increasing the technical level of generation technologies, corresponding to the conditions of sustainable development at each moment of time. Furthermore, the paper analyses the technical and economic characteristics of the combined-cycle technology successfully applied in the world's energy systems and advanced oxy-fuel combustion cycles. In addition, the paper proposes a multifactorial economic-mathematical model that allows to evaluate the performance indicators of any of the considered technologies in accordance with the criteria for sustainable development.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify synthesis, analysis, comparison, logical generalization, inference by analogy, classification, grouping etc. for the determination of technological cycle stages of industrial waste and the identification of accounting objects arising at these stages.
Abstract: Circular economy is one of the imperatives of sustainable development of production and society as a whole, which poses corresponding challenges to existing accounting system. In modern conditions of transition from industrial to post-industrial economy, the problem of maintaining a favorable environment and rational use of natural resources requires an adequate transformation of accounting methodology, oriented to the reproduction and sustainable use of natural resources, and not maximum revenue from their exploitation. At present, there is no complete system of accounting for production waste, which would allow solving tasks, which are set by the circular economy, which determines the relevance of the research topic. The purpose of this research is the determination of technological cycle stages of industrial waste and the identification of accounting objects arising at these stages for further recommendations development of industrial waste assessment and accounting for the curcular economy purposes. Among the methods used in the study, the authors identify synthesis, analysis, comparison, logical generalization, inference by analogy, classification, grouping etc. In this article, technological cycle stages of industrial waste will be considered (Stage 1 "Appearance", Stage 2 "Collection and Accumulation", Stage 3 "Waste Preparation for Use", Stage 4 "Storage", Stage 5 "Use", Stage 5 "Burial (destruction)" and identified the objects of their accounting: waste of ferrous and non-ferrous metals, construction waste, waste arising from reservoirs cleaned), as well as costs due to the specifics of technological cycle stage.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used Monte-Carlo simulation to calculate the probability of losses caused by reputation risks, and the degree of standardized histogram similarity was determined on the basis of fuzzy data analysis applying Hamming distance method.
Abstract: Currently, under the conditions of permanent financial risks that hamper the sustainable economic growth in the financial sector, the development of evaluation and risk management methods both regulated by Basel II and III and others seem to be of special importance. The reputation risk is one of significant risks affecting reliability and credibility of commercial banks. The importance of reputation risk management and the quality of their assessment remain relevant as the probability of decrease in or loss of business reputation influences the financial results and the degree of customers', partners' and stakeholders' confidence. By means of imitating modeling based on Bayesian Networks and the fuzzy data analysis, the article characterizes the mechanism of reputation risk assessment and possible losses evaluation in banks by plotting normal and lognormal distribution functions. Monte-Carlo simulation is used to calculate the probability of losses caused by reputation risks. The degree of standardized histogram similarity is determined on the basis of the fuzzy data analysis applying Hamming distance method. The tree-like hierarchy based on the OWA-operator is used to aggregate the data with Fishburne's coefficients as the convolution scales. The mechanism takes into account the impact of criteria, such as return on equity, goodwill value, the risk assets ratio, the share of the productive assets in net assets, the efficiency ratio of interest bearing liabilities, the risk ratio of credit operations, the funding ratio and reliability index on the business reputation of the bank. The suggested methods and recommendations might be applied to develop the decision-making mechanism targeted at the implementation of reputation risk management system in commercial banks as well as to optimize risk management technologies.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine different scenarios for the development of innovative milieus across borders, including disintegration and decay, internal asymmetries, and unilateral integration initiatives, and provide policy recommendations on innovation security strategy for the borderland regions.
Abstract: Innovative milieu is an elusive networking scheme established within geospatial, socio-economic, institutional, and knowledge types of boundaries that enable the actors involved to excel in particular field(s) of activity. Generally these are high-tech sectors of the economy, the so called smart and creative industries that are highly reliant on human capital, knowledge, and competences. Gradual expansion of interregional and international ties increases the possibility for synergies, fostering network diversification and intra-regional overspecialisation all at the same time. Along with numerous positive externalities, such as avoidance of the cognitive lock-in effect, regional clusters of excellence become dependent on their external counterparts, either within national or international domain. This dependence is caused by utilization of shared science and technology facilities, interdependent production processes, complementary technologies, etc. Unforeseen circumstances, such as temporal economic sanctions and product embargo can affect the sustainability of the innovation activity in the region and create structural holes along the value chain. Regional innovation policy should account for possible threats to the regional as well as national innovation systems. In this paper we examine different scenarios for the development of innovative milieus across borders. The study draws upon cross-border cooperation initiatives of European border regions, featuring brief case study examples for each of the negative development scenarios identified. There are three major types of threats to innovation security of a border region determined: a) disintegration and decay, b) internal asymmetries, c) unilateral integration initiatives. The article concludes with policy recommendations on innovation security strategy for the borderland regions.
TL;DR: The paper substantiates the model of optimization of predic-tive repair using wireless sensor networks and proposes a system of predictive maintenance on the basis of sensor networks, which allows real-time analysis of the state of equipment.
Abstract: One of the most important problems of creating new and also modernizing and operating the existing industrial equipment is to provide it with technical diagnostic tools. In modern systems, most diagnostic problems are solved by vibration monitoring methods, and they form the basis of this process. For several years already, when creating new responsible equipment, many manufacturers have completed it with monitoring and diagnostic systems, often integrating them functionally with automatic control systems. This paper discusses the methods of servicing industrial equipment, focusing on predictive maintenance, also known as actual maintenance (maintenance according to the actual technical condition).The rationale for the use of wireless systems for data collection and processing is presented. The principles of constructing wireless sensor networks and the data transmission protocols used to collect statistical information on the state of the elements of industrial equipment, depending on the field of application, are analyzed. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the feasibility of using wireless sensor networks as technical diagnostic tools from both economic and technical points of view. The result is the proposed concept of the predictive maintenance system. The paper substantiates the model of optimization of predic-tive repair using wireless sensor networks. This approach is based on minimizing the costs of maintenance of equipment. The presented concept of a system of predictive maintenance on the basis of sensor networks allows real-time analysis of the state of equipment. The approach allows implementing smart management of technologies in companies for ensuring stability of functioning.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors determine the key problems of regional development in modern Russia and to substantiate the perspectives and model the process of their solving with the help of new Internet technologies.
Abstract: The purpose of the work is to determine the key problems of regional development in modern Russia and to substantiate the perspectives and model the process of their solving with the help of new Internet technologies. For full coverage of the problems of regional development in modern Russia, they are analyzed from the positions of public perception and level of dynamics of the statistical data that characterize these problems. At that, the methods of logical and statistical analysis are used. The information and analytical basis of the research includes the materials of the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center, Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, and independence expert and analytical organization RIA Ranking for 2014-2017. As a result, the authors substantiate that implementation of new Internet technologies is a perspective means of solving the problems of regional development in modern Russia. These problems concern optimality of interaction of non-government economic subjects (society and entrepreneurship) between each other, which leads to low business activity, complexity of employment, and low income, and non-optimality of interaction between non-government economic subjects and the state, which leads to inaccessibility and low quality of state services and public benefits, including healthcare, communal and housing sphere, infrastructure, etc. Implementation of new Internet technologies into entrepreneurship allows reducing its capital intensity, increasing business activity, simplifying the process of employment, and increasing accessibility (reduce cost) of goods and services for the population. Due to implementation of new Internet technologies into activities of state organizations, which provide state services and public benefits, their controllability and manageability by society is achieved – which stimulates increase of their quality and accessibility. A proprietary model of solving the problems of regional development in modern Russia with the help of new Internet technologies is developed.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the level of development of human resources in the Republic of Kazakhstan with other countries of the world, which allows them to conclude that in terms of quantitative indicators (coverage of primary, secondary, vocational and higher education, life expectancy), our country has average positions in the world ranking.
Abstract: Over the past 20 years, sales volumes in the knowledge-intensive sectors of the developed world grew about 2 times faster than in the manufacturing industry. It is no coincidence that the share of knowledge-intensive sectors of the manufacturing industry and the service sector today accounts for an average of more than half the GDP of the leading industrial countries. A new, knowledge-based economy creates new resources that effectively replace natural resources and human intellect. A high-end economy is the creation of new, artificial energy and artificial intelligence and their use in all sectors of the economy. In addition, a knowledge-intensive economy is a large-scale use of scientific developments, a new content of labor and the attitude of all its participants to it. A high-tech economy is born and is able to develop in a social environment with a sufficient level of intellectual development of society. The creation of such an economy requires not only a high level of development and implementation of new resource-creating and resource-saving technologies, but also a mass knowledge of new technologies, skills to use in production and everyday life. A high-tech economy is formed in conditions of sufficient intellectual security. With all this, the urgency of finding answers to the questions is growing: what conditions are necessary for the creation and functioning of a knowledge-based economy. In this regard, firstly, the article compares the level of development of human resources in the Republic of Kazakhstan with other countries of the world, which allows us to conclude that in terms of quantitative indicators (coverage of primary, secondary, vocational and higher education, life expectancy), our country has average positions in the world ranking. Secondly, in order to identify the relationship between a number of indicators of the method of assessing intellectual security in Kazakhstan, a correlation analysis for 2004-2017 was conducted. This article expands the knowledge on methods of assessing intellectual security for the development of a knowledge-based economy in developing countries.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight three directions of stable development: economic growth, ecological management, social integration which cover all the sectors of development, and present main tasks and functions in the context of stable enterprise and society development.
Abstract: The article highlights three directions of stable development: economic growth, ecological management, social integration which cover all the sectors of development. Main tasks and functions are presented in the context of stable enterprise and society development. They can be carried out with the help of certain indicators and applied in different countries, regions, or industries. Approbation of the proposed mechanism was carried out at Lithuanian waste management sector and Ukrainian metallurgical enterprises. The system of stable development indicators proposed by the authors includes three groups for Lithuanian waste management industry case and five groups of them for Ukraine metallurgical enterprises. The ISI-a stability index which is used for integral assessment of industrial enterprises' developmental stability, and is based on calculating complex indicators of economic, ecological, social, risk and market stability. The mechanism of integrated assessment of enterprise stability has been improved and now allows choosing the optimal continuous monitoring method, giving enterprises an opportunity to work effectively and develop steadily for a long period of time. Developmental stability corresponds to the average level and characterizes the need to develop the dimensions for increasing the level of developmental stability of such enterprises.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the influence of industrial cooperation on economic growth in 20 European countries for the forecast period of 2017-2021 and found that industrial cooperation can provide an additional economic growth at the level of 2.3-3.0%.
Abstract: The stability of economic development is determined by the features of the network structure in collaborative engagement of enterprises. Industrial cooperation is just one part of that process; it differs in spatial coverage and range of activity. The complexity of taking into account the synergistic effect that arises in this case stresses the importance of this question from the theoretical and practical points of view. For this purpose, the paper considers the essence of industrial cooperation, some approaches to agglomerative tendencies and conceptual visions of cooperation from the standpoint of institutional theory. The investigation of the influence of cooperation on economic growth is based on several hypotheses. The first one is about the positive correlation between the studied parameters; the second one is about the fact that protection of institutional property rights is an important factor in cooperation development. These theories have been studied within the frame of loglinear model using the table of data about 20 European countries for the forecast period of 2017-2021. The results show that the mature system of industrial cooperation allows providing an additional economic growth at the level of 2.3-3.0%. It is also important to conclude that cooperation enhances the factor impact of the usual determinants of economic growth (working labor, capital and export). The model also takes into account some other possible determinants of economic growth such as expenses on research and development, use of a right of intellectual property and the Index of Economic Freedom. At the same time, a lax regulation in the sphere of property rights protection can become an incentive for co-operators. These and some other provisions determine the ways of enhancing of activity of enterprises for their close collaboration; it is emphasized that the development of co-operational relations has a great impact on competitiveness and sustainability.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the relationship between admission grades (high school GPA and GAT) of Saudi college students and their academic achievement and found that there is a strong relationship between the two variables.
Abstract: The predictive validity of standardized eligibility test for college admissions is a matter of debate and controversy. Standardized admission test came into vogue in the later part of the previous century. It gained traction due to various reasons. The main reason for this is the heterogeneity of high school GPA and the inherent drawbacks of teacher made tests. Often teacher-made tests fail to follow the basic rules of test construction, and are hence considered to be of poor quality. Standardized admission tests came to be widely accepted due to its presumed scientific predictive validity. Though number of studies has examined the predictive validity of standardized admission tests with respect to various health courses, there is a gap in literature with respect to business students. This study examined the relationship between the admission grades (high school GPA and GAT) of Saudi college students and their academic achievement. The result of the study points towards a strong relationship between the two variables.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the structure and motivation of the population to participate in the illegal flow of money and calculated the aggregate economic damage from all types of population incomes that are not undocumented by revenue authorities.
Abstract: The subject matter of the article is a problem that is relevant for developing economies. A legal foundation for economy operation development is consolidated slowly; instead, an illegal flow of money and corruption the population gets actively involved into are expanding. According to official records, the number of unaccounted employees who avoid taxation has exceeded 15 million in Russia. When studying this phenomenon, researchers mainly refer to shadow economy whose scale and financial damage inflicted on the country are known. Population masses involved in the illegal flow of money operate in the shadows, since the latency of corruption processes makes it difficult to explore this phenomenon and invokes sociological methods along with economic methods. The purpose of the article is to show the structure of Russian population’s involvement in the illegal cash flow turnover in terms of three aspects: presence in the shadow economy, involvement in corrupt practices, and concealment of a fraction of income aiming to non-payment of taxes. When solving these problems, the authors were to use the method of applied sociology with a subsequent transformation of aggregated information into empirical indicators by economic methods. Based on the research, the authors have explored the structure and motivation of the population to participate in the illegal flow of money, calculated the aggregate economic damage from all types of population incomes that are not undocumented by revenue authorities. By revealing the latent structure of the illegal cash flow, the research findings enable to more accurately plan priority directions of efforts to be made by fiscal bodies to neutralize the population participation in illegal economic and financial activities.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the precarity on the labor market for the socially-oriented professions in the three Russian metropolitan areas: Moscow, Kazan, and Rostov-on-Don.
Abstract: Sustainable social and economic processes of the recent decades are characterized by the emergence of new phenomenon known as precarity and its new accompanying class known as the precariat. The precariat as a social class or social community is primarily associated with a factor of instability and insecurity of workers with flexible employment. This paper studies the precarity on the labor market for the socially-oriented professions in the three Russian metropolitan areas: Moscow, Kazan, and Rostov-on-Don. The paper searches for the causes of precarity of socially-oriented professions based upon the analysis of economic processes in the public sector, and of the reformers' rhetoric and its reflection in the discourses of the main actors about the goals and direction of the reforms. Socially-oriented professions are associated with the creation of benefits, which are very little associated with markets and in most cases belong to public or mixed goods. Our findings suggest that the reforms of Russian education and healthcare spheres are accompanied by large-scale institutional changes which resulted in bureaucratization, orientation toward achieving performance indicators not related to professional values, stagnation of incomes, inequality between regions, and instability of professional trajectories. We conclude that reducing the prestige of socially-oriented professions, the material well-being, along with instability, become the main factors of precarity.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of studying the factors of competitiveness of the companies of transport machine building of Russia by segmentation on the basis of the module approach, which consists in analyzing the modern developments in the sphere of managing the competitiveness of industrial companies in economic systems.
Abstract: The purpose of the work is to present the results of studying the factors of competitiveness of the companies of transport machine building of Russia by segmentation on the basis of the module approach. The research consists in analyzing the modern developments in the sphere of managing the competitiveness of industrial companies in economic systems. Materials of the reports on global competitiveness were used. The research is based on the recent tendencies in the sphere of systematization of competitiveness factors of industrial companies. Based on the performed research, the main factors of competitiveness of industrial companies are systematized by segmentation on the basis of the module approach. Each module is assigned with blocks that determine qualitative and qualitative characteristics of their production activities, as well as indicators that allow evaluating the factors of competitiveness of companies of Russian transport machine building. Scientific significance of the received results consists in development of theoretical & methodological and practical aspects of managing the competitiveness of industrial company in the modern conditions. The research results are a certain volume of knowledge increase, which allow solving a range of scientific tasks and are a theoretica basis for further research in the sphere of increase of competitiveness of companies of transport machine building on the basis of the module approach by applying the presented scientific solutions and tools.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the flexible forms of employment on a big sample of Polish bank employees and showed the character of Polish bankers with respect to age, gender, and seniority, concluding that flexible forms are more common among young people who are at the beginning of their professional career than among workers with seniority.
Abstract: The presented topic is of utmost importance due to the consequences that the implementation of atypical forms of employment has for all labour market actors. Sometimes employees decide on such forms of employment due to the pressure from employers who see it as a chance to optimize the costs. The conducted study confirmed that flexible forms of employment are more common among young people, who are at the beginning of their professional career, than among workers with seniority. The flexible forms of employment are also less frequent among managerial staff. The discussion is supported by empirical research conducted on a sample of 1,920 bank employees in Poland. This study is the first one that investigates the flexible forms of employment on a big sample of Polish bank employees and show the character of Polish bankers.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the system of inter-branch cooperation between enterprises for the production and sale of grain and grain processing products in order to ensure stable provision of demand for them in the regions of the country with minimum costs and export it to foreign markets.
Abstract: The new situation of Kazakhstan's participation in the world grain market, which requires scientific generalization, is connected with the transformation of the country's trade turnover from interregional to interstate. In this connection, it is objectively necessary to scientifically and methodically substantiate the system of inter-branch cooperation between enterprises for the production and sale of grain and grain processing products in order to ensure stable provision of demand for them in the regions of the country with minimum costs and export it to foreign markets. The problem of increasing the efficiency of the use of grain requires a comprehensive reduction in its consumption across all consumption channels: on seeds, when processed into flour and cereals, for forage purposes. The paramount importance of effective inter-industry cooperation between grain sub-sector organizations is determined by the leading role of grain in the economy of the agro-industrial complex, food security, and the formation of state, interstate and interregional economic ties of the country. In the current situation, the stable functioning of the grain market should be carried out on the basis of a combination of market mechanisms with state regulation tools and targeted support of its subjects.
TL;DR: A characterization of the current state and level of the investment component in Russia's economic security is provided and a set of major focus areas for ensuring it is developed, as well as a system of indicators for ensuring investment security.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to provide a characterization of the current state and level of the investment component in Russia’s economic security and concretize the key focus areas for ensuring it. The study is grounded in the dialectical method of scientific cognition, the method for cognizing the process of attaining investment security in all its contradictions, integrity, and development, as well as the systemic approach to the analysis of the effect of investment activity on the national economy. The authors explore some of the key theoretical aspects of investment security within the national economy and examine the dualism of investment security as a component in the nation’s economic security; establish a system of indicators for ensuring investment security, including its major qualitative and quantitative criteria; compute a set of indicators for the investment component in economic security; identify some of today’s key threats to investment security within the Russian economy. Exploring the theoretical aspects and computing the indicators of investment security serve as a basis for further research into the subject and may help detect and minimize threats that may arise in connection with the investment process, as well as develop and concretize a set of major focus areas for ensuring investment security at all levels.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the entrepreneurial intent of the university students and chalked out with the factors (educational) to be considered for institutional support by the university under study.
Abstract: The purpose of the present study is twofold, to investigate the entrepreneurial intent of the university students and to chalk out with the factors (educational) to be considered for institutional support by the university under study. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) questionnaire was adopted and administered along with a separate sixteen items sheet containng the items pertaining to the institutional suppot mechanisms. Overall, 370 responses were collected from both male & female students. The Data was analysed by applying correlations, linear and hierarchical regression and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The results of the study reaffirm the theory of planned behaviour in Saudi context with a significant variance of 43.2 percent in explaining students' entrepreneurial intent. However, in the present case it is found that both attitude and perceived behavioral control are the significant predictors of entrepreneurial intent. Moreover, the subjective norm did not significantly predict the entrepreneurial intent. The findings also suggest a four steps generic model of institutional educational support for entrepreneurial nurturement to the local community.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used descriptive analysis, ANOVA and regression analysis to determine the perceived satisfaction of students enrolled in a tourism undergraduate program and assess the impact perceived skills have on their intentions regarding future careers.
Abstract: The present study aims to determine the perceived satisfaction of students enrolled in a tourism undergraduate program and to assess the impact perceived skills have on their intentions regarding future careers. This is a quantitative study based on the analysis of primary data gathered through a questionnaire. A sample of 114 students in their second year of study from the biggest university in Romania completed the questionnaire. The data collected were analysed using descriptive analysis, ANOVA and regression analysis. An ANOVA test and post hoc Tukey test were therefore used to determine differences in the means and variance of satisfaction, with the grade levels and course attendance set as the independent variables. A regression analysis was then conducted to identify the connections between perceived skills and the future career path of tourism students. The results show that students do not perceive satisfaction differently according to their grade levels, although there may be a relationship between levels of satisfaction and class attendance. Optimism was found to predict whether students would be interested in starting a business, while attitudes towards leadership and networking were found to predict whether students wished to pursue a management career.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the results of scientific research aimed at identifying the mutual influence of the basic factors of regional development and start-ups as an important element of the socioeconomic system.
Abstract: The article considers the factors influencing regional development on the part of start-ups, shows a cognitive model of such impact, and gives an analysis of scenario modeling in the Samara Region. The research results are aimed at creating favorable conditions for ensuring the progressive development of a single region and the entire Russian economy. To implement the goal, studies were carried out in the form of an expert survey aimed at assessing the impact of start-ups on regional development. The study included methods of systemic analysis, economic statistics, methods of sociological expert survey, a method of statistical data analysis, a method of qualitative peer review, and a method of cognitive modeling. The article presents the results of scientific research aimed at identifying the mutual influence of the basic factors of regional development and start-ups as an important element of the socioeconomic system. The works of many scholars are devoted to the analysis and research of the problem of innovative entrepreneurship. They reveal the aspects of studying innovative entrepreneurship in the context of improving the effectiveness of innovative activity and motivating entrepreneurship. This study highlights the importance of start-ups for the formation and development of effective regional innovation systems and actualizes investigations related to identifying the main directions in the activities of the region's start-ups. A comparative analysis of the scenarios was carried out and the most effective of them were determined for the Samara Region. The presented research results can be transferred and reproduced in any constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The obtained cognitive models can be used as basic models to back up large administrative decision-making in the field of managing the regional infrastructure for supporting small and medium-sized businesses to improve its adaptability to changes in external and internal factors and to determine the trajectories of sustainable development. In addition, the obtained models can be applied in the field of fundamental research on the functioning and development of regional socioeconomic systems, as well as in applied research in modeling options for sustainable development of regional socioeconomic systems.