Showing papers in "Environment and Urbanization in 1989"
TL;DR: Housing as a human right describes how the concept of people having a "right to adequate housing" has developed in national and international law and its current status as mentioned in this paper, and discusses why housing activists rarely use the notion of "housing rights" and outlines some of the benefits of emphasizing people's 'housing rights' rather than concentrating only on people's "housing needs'.
Abstract: Housing as a human right describes how the concept of people having a 'right to adequate housing' has developed in national and international law and its current status. It also discusses why housing activists rarely use the concept of 'housing rights' and outlines some of the benefits of emphasizing people's 'housing rights' rather than concentrating only on people's 'housing needs'.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss water pollution in parts of the Chao Phraya river, subsidence and flooding, and measures to resolve these problems and discuss air and noise pollution, environment in workplaces and the collection and disposal of solid wastes.
Abstract: Coming to terms with Bangkok's environmental problems concentrates on those associated with water: its supply and quality; the high levels of pollution in parts of the Chao Phraya river; subsidence and flooding; and measures to resolve these problems It also discusses air and noise pollution, the environment in workplaces and the collection and disposal of solid wastes
24 citations
TL;DR: The environmental problems associated with urban development in Mexico City describes and explains the growth of the City into the world's largest metropolis as mentioned in this paper, and describes environmental problems: shelter and services; transport; biological and environmental degradation; air pollution; and water problems.
Abstract: The environmental problems associated with urban development in Mexico City describes and explains the growth of the City into the world's largest metropolis. It also describes environmental problems: shelter and services; transport; biological and environmental degradation; air pollution; and water problems. The final sections examine government responses and consider the city's future.
23 citations
TL;DR: The poor don't squat: the case of Thika, Kenya emphasizes the importance of rental housing within a small East African urban centre as mentioned in this paper, where many inhabitants retain strong links with their rural home and have no interest in owning a home in Thika.
Abstract: The poor don't squat: the case of Thika, Kenya emphasizes the importance of rental housing within a small East African urban centre. It describes the different housing submarkets and how these have changed over the last 20 years. It also shows the inapplicability of most common 'international' housing solutions within a social and economic context such as Thika, where many inhabitants retain strong links with their rural home and have no interest in owning a home in Thika.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the origins scale and social and econromic characteristics of one submarket, the "barrios de tugurios" (squatter settlements) are considered in more detail, including two case studies of particular 'barrio de tuguros' and their inhabitants' struggle for secure land tenure.
Abstract: The 'tugurios' of San Salvador: a place to live, work and struggle outlines the different housing submarkets for the urban poor The origins scale and social and econromic characteristics of one submarket, the 'barrios de tugurios' (squatter settlements) are then considered in more detail, including two case studies of particular 'barrios de tugurios' and their inhabitants' struggle for secure land tenure A final section discusses the political relations between Communities in the 'tugurios' and the government and political parties
16 citations
TL;DR: Metropolitan Manila: a framework for its sustained development describes the range of environmental problems affecting citizens within and around the city: the large and growing squatter population, and the lack of infrastructure as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Metropolitan Manila: a framework for its sustained development describes the range of environmental problems affecting citizens within and around the city: the large and growing squatter population...
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors described the city's very rapid growth in recent decades and environmental problems there: very poor housing conditions; very inadequate waste disposal and sanitation; flooding and poor drainage; and air, land and water pollution.
Abstract: Urban development and the environment in Port Harcourt describes the city's very rapid growth in recent decades and environmental problems there: very poor housing conditions; very inadequate waste disposal and sanitation; flooding and poor drainage; and air, land and water pollution. Final sections consider the needed measures.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the different kinds of 'popular settlement' and how people build, purchase or rent accommodation there and outline other unconventional options-for instance the shops, stalls, warehouses and garages where employees and apprentices sleep.
Abstract: "Many routes enter the market place"-housing sub-markets for the urban poor in Metropolitan Lagos, Nigeria highlights the diverse ways in which poorer groups find accommodation in Lagos, sub-Saharan Africa's largest city. The first sections describe the different kinds of 'popular settlement' and how people build, purchase or rent accommodation there. They also outline other unconventional options-for instance the shops, stalls, warehouses and garages where employees and apprentices sleep. Later sections describe the housing submarkets and conditions in a low-income settlement and discuss issues such as ownership of land and structures and the often complex relationships between landowners, landlords (who rent land but own the housing), landlords' agents and tenants.
14 citations
TL;DR: Marginal settlements in Surabaya, Indonesia: problem or potential? as mentioned in this paper looks at those settlements designated as'marginal' which house among the poorest people and whose problems have not been addresse...
Abstract: Marginal settlements in Surabaya, Indonesia: problem or potential? looks at those settlements designated as 'marginal' which house among the poorest people and whose problems have not been addresse...
14 citations
TL;DR: Some low-income housing delivery subsystems in Bangkok, Thailand consider the diverse ways in which the poor find accommodation as mentioned in this paper, where 11 subsystems are identified and living conditions and relative importance are considered for a selected group.
Abstract: Some low-income housing delivery subsystems in Bangkok, Thailand considers the diverse ways in which the poor find accommodation Some 11 subsystems are identified and living conditions and relative importance are considered for a selected group The paper also describes how and why land use changes occur in Bangkok and their impact on housing submarkets used by poorer groups
12 citations
TL;DR: An appraisal of environmental consequences of urban development in Alexandria, Egypt describes population growth and urban development, transport, industrial and air pollution, public health, water and sanitation, and garbage collection and disposal as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: An appraisal of environmental consequences of urban development in Alexandria, Egypt describes population growth and urban development, transport, industrial and air pollution, public health, water and sanitation, and garbage collection and disposal. The government response is discussed and shortcomings identified with measures suggested to half and reverse pollution levels and environmental degradation.
TL;DR: The risks of environmental degradation in Bogota, Colombia reviews urban overspill onto fertile peri-urban areas, bottlenecks in water distribution and treatment systems, landslides and floods (particularly in poorer districts) and health disorders linked to air pollution, inadequate refuse disposal and consumption of drugs and contaminated food as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The risks of environmental degradation in Bogota, Colombia reviews urban overspill onto fertile peri-urban areas, bottlenecks in water distribution and treatment systems, landslides and floods (particularly in poorer districts) and health disorders linked to air pollution, inadequate refuse disposal and consumption of drugs and contaminated food. It also discusses the use of public space and long-standing inter-institutional conflicts associated with environmental problems.
TL;DR: In this paper, environmental problems associated with India's major cities are examined within the city (air and water pollution and solid wastes), the city region and in people's homes and workplaces.
Abstract: The environmental problems associated with India's major cities are examined within the city (air and water pollution and solid wastes), the city-region and in people's homes and workplaces. Examples illustrate each environmental problem. The final section discusses the relationship between cities' resource use and rural problems, including deforestation, the annexing by government of common land formerly used by poorer groups, and unsustainable cash crop production.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe community efforts to improve living conditions in the small peripheral settlement of Jabra, and examine the extensive rental housing market of Umbadda, a settlement with a population of some 180,000 in 1983.
Abstract: Housing submarkets for the urban poor: the case of Greater Khartoum, the Sudan identifies ten housing submarkets as those most widely used by the city's poorer groups. The city's land classification system is described, as this is a key issue in understanding how these submarkets are shaped. In the three decades after independence, official attitudes have ranged from extensive demolition of squatter settlements under military rule to selective demolition and resettlement in planned peripheral settlements and some upgrading under elected governments. A section of the article describes community efforts to improve living conditions in the small peripheral settlement of Jabra, while a final section examines the extensive rental housing market of Umbadda, a settlement with a population of some 180,000 in 1983.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the historical relationship between a growing urban area and its surrounding natural environment and find that inadequate infrastructure and land speculation are among the main causes behind the degradation of the environment and the natural landscape.
Abstract: Aspects of the growth of Montevideo, Uruguay and its environmental implications examines the historical relationship between a growing urban area and its surrounding natural environment. River pollution dates from the late 18th Century. Repeated attempts to guide the city's growth have usually failed. Inadequate infrastructure and land speculation are among the main causes behind the degradation of the environment and the natural landscape.