Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy 

About: Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer & chemotherapy is an academic journal published by Q96471829. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Cancer & Chemotherapy. It has an ISSN identifier of 0385-0684. Over the lifetime, 8969 publications have been published receiving 34671 citations. The journal is also known as: Japanese journal of cancer and chemotherapy & Japanese journal of cancer and chemothrapy online.

[New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours-revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1)].

Abstract: This paper is an overview of the new response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1. 1), with a focus on updated contents.

The role of protein kinase C in cell surface signal transduction and tumor promotion

Abstract: Information from certain extracellular signals, including a group of peptide hormones, some neurotransmitters and many other biologically active substances flows from the cell surface into the cell interior by means of two mechanisms, Ca2+ mobilization and protein kinase C activation. These two signal pathways are activated by the receptor-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate. Both protein kinase C activation and Ca2+ mobilization are essential for short-term responses as well as long-term responses. However, additional receptor occupation by growth factor is necessary to induce full activation of cell proliferation, and the signal pathway through protein kinase C appears to be separate from and synergistic to that via growth factors. Several functional proteins in many tissues have been reported to serve as substrates of protein kinase C. The phosphorylation of some of these proteins is apparently related to down-regulation or negative feedback control of cellular function activation. It is possible that protein kinase C has a dual action in the positive as well as the negative phase of regulation depending on the function of each target substrate protein. This article summarizes the possible roles of this unique protein kinase system.

Phase II study

Abstract: It is 4 years since the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan introduced "The Guidelines on Clinical Evaluation for Anti-tumor Drugs" in February 1991. From the stand point that I have conducted several clinical studies on new anti-tumor drugs according to the Guidelines, this review pointed out some practical problems in the process to develop Phase II study based on the Guidelines.

Phase I study

Abstract: Criticisms and proposals were presented from the standpoint of implementation with regard to the objectives, person in charge, test facilities, patients tested and test design in the first phase cited in the "Guidelines For Methods To Evaluate Drugs for Malignant Tumors at the Clinical Level." Moreover, it was proposed that the public be informed as to the need and importance of scientific, theoretical and highly cost-efficient clinical trials.

[A high-throughput SNP typing system for genome-wide association studies].

Abstract: SNPs are useful markers for identifying genes responsible for and/or associated with common diseases, and for directing personalized medical care. Furthermore, because they are so frequent in the genome and can be genotyped quite easily, SNPs can serve as markers for a whole genome association study. However, one of the most difficult issues to be solved for whole-genome association studies using SNPs is reduction of the amount of genomic DNA for genotyping. The presently available technologies require too much genomic DNA to be practical. To overcome this problem, we combined the Invader assay with multiplex PCR performed in the presence of Taq polymerase antibody as well as a novel 384-well card system that reduces the reaction volume. We amplified 96 genomic DNA fragments simultaneously in a single tube, and analyzed each SNP using the Invader assay. Since we used 10-20 nanograms of genomic DNA as a template for multiplex PCR, the amount needed to assay one SNP was only 0.1-0.2 nanograms. Our results strongly indicate the feasibility of undertaking genome-wide association studies using blood samples of only 5-10 milliliters. Using these technologies, which allow us to perform as many as 450,000 typings in one day, our system should let us identify the genes responsible for many diseases and/or pharmacological responsiveness.