Showing papers in "Health and Human Rights in 1994"
140 citations
TL;DR: Paradoxically, the discipline of public health has generally ignored the societal roots of health in favour of medical interventions, which operate further downstream.
120 citations
TL;DR: A Human Rights Impact Assessment Tool is proposed that allows policy makers and human rights advocates to identify potential human rights burdens posed by public health policies and suggests strategies for ameliorating those burdens.
Abstract: Aul governmental policies in general, and health policies in particular, have the potential to burden human rights to a greater or lesser degree, whether by restricting freedoms, discriminating against individuals orpopulation groups, or other mechanisms. While the protection of public health may in some cases outweigh concerns relating to human rights burdens, there are many instances where human rights are needlessly infringed. This article proposes a Human Rights Impact Assessment Tool that allows policy makers and human rights advocates to identify potential human rights burdens posed by public health policies and suggests strategies for ameliorating those burdens. Todas las politicas qubernementales en generale, y en particular aguellas concernientes a la salud piublica, pueden potencialimente transgredir los derechos humanos en mayor o menor medida, ya sea a trav?s de la restriccion de libertades, la discriminaci?n contra individuos o grupos de poblaci?n, o a trav?s de otros mecanismos. Aunque la protecci?n de la salud piublica puede en muchos casos tener prioridad sobre la preoccupaci?n por la transgresi6n de los derechos humanos, en muchas ocasiones los derechos humanos son innecesariamente violados. Este articulo propone un Instrumento para Evaluar el Impacto sobre los Derechos Humanos que permita a los creadores de politicas gubernamentales y a los defensores de los derechose humanos identificar posibles maneras en que las polfticas de salud pu blica puedan transgredir innecesariamente los derechos humanos. Se sugieren tambi?n estrategias para aminorar estas transgresiones. Toutes les politiques gouvernementales en g?n?ral et les politiques de la sant? en particulier ont ? des degr?s diff?rents, le potentiel de restreindre les droits de l'homme, que ce soit en limitant les libert?s, en discriminant des individus ou des groupes entiers de la population ou encore en utilisant d'autres m?canismes. La protection de la sant? publique peut en certaines circonstances l'emporter sur les consid?rations relatives aux restrictions des droits de l'homme. Cependant maintes fois ces derniers sont inutilement transgress?s. Cet article pr?sente un "Instrument d'Evaluation de l'Impact sur les Droits de l'Homme" permettant aux responsables politiques et aux promoteurs des droits de l'homme d'identifier les atteintes potentielles aux droits de l'homme cons?quentes auxpolitiques de la sant?. Des strat?gies en vue d'am?liorer ces ind?sirables cons?quences sont finalement sugg?r?es.
111 citations
TL;DR: The 1993 report states that health infrastructures fail to meet the health needs of people partly because the health systems are inefficient, badly managed, poorly targeted, and inadequately financed; and partly because there is still a large number of people who are very poor and poorly educated.
Abstract: 1 his series of reports from the World Bank started 17 years ago in 1976, so its birth coincided with the developments that led up to the 1978 Alma-Ata Declaration on Primary Health Care. Much of the 1993 report (which concentrates on health) could be seen as an appendage to that declaration in that it states yet again that health infrastructures fail to meet the health needs of people (most particularly the poorest) partly because the health systems are inefficient, badly managed, poorly targeted, and inadequately financed; and partly because there is still a large number of people who are very poor and poorly educated (especially women). The pity is that the opportunity has not been seized to move the debate beyond that of Alma-Ata-yet much has happened in health since that time. In particular, a great deal of clarity has been achieved in separating the relative values of health systems, and of social and economic environments, in their differing impacts on people's health. The report seems very muddled about this distinction. It is this distinction that would allow us to develop the potential for the linking of improvements in health with those in human rights, since lack of these rights reflect the inequalities in power and the distribution of resources that lead to poor health. If we could achieve such honesty, we would be able to move away from the terribly simplistic social and economic indicators for health that are used by bodies such as the World Bank.
9 citations
TL;DR: Subject, geographic, and organizational indexes are produced for each issue, which remains the most comprehensive bibliographic service available, indexing and abstracting hundreds of publications in each issue.
Abstract: * Human Rights Internet. HRI Reporter. Ottawa: HRI, 1976Quarterly (1976-90); Annual since 1991. Still remains the most comprehensive bibliographic service available, indexing and abstracting hundreds of publications in each issue. Special attention given to documents produced by NGOs around the world. Scholarly and intergovernmental organizations' material is also covered. Subject, geographic, and organizational indexes are produced for each issue.
2 citations