Showing papers in "Indian Journal of Horticulture in 1981"

Response of Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L.) To Plant Spacing and Nitrogen, Phosphorus Fertilization

Abstract: Response of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) to varying ‘evels of plant spacing (60 × 20,60 × 30 and 60 × 40 cm) and graded levels of nitrogen (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N/ha) and phosphorus (0, 30 and 60 kg P/ha) was studied on sandy loam soil poor in organic carbon, medium in available phosphorus and rich in available potassium during kharif seasons of 1972, 1974 and 1977 at the Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore. The closest spacing (60 × 20 cm) gave consistantly higher yields in all the years of study. Nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization increased plant height, number of nodes per plant and fruit size which finally contributed in increasing the fruit yield. Application of 100 kg nitrogen and 60 kg phosphorus per hectare gave the highest yield as compared to other levels.

Analysis of Parameters of Variability in Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moeneh)

Abstract: The nature and magnitude of genetic variability was studied in twenty eight varieties of okra. A wide range of phenotypic variability was observed for most of the plant characters. High genetic coefficient of variation was observed for plant height, leaf area, fruits per plant, fruit weight and yield per plant. The heritability values were moderate for plant height, fruits per plant and fruit length whereas low for remaining characters. High genetic advance was found for five characters viz., plant height, leaf area, fruits per plant, fruit weight and yield per plant. Since plant height and fruits per plant possessed high genetic coefficient of variation alongwith high genetic eadvance and moderate heritability, improvement in these characters can be brought out by practicising phenotypic selection.

Effect of Nitrogen on Growth and Development of Gladiolus

Abstract: The effect of enhanced nitrogen application was studied in relation to growth and development of gladiolus. The results indicate that nitrogen alone has not shown significantly better performance as compared to control, in its immediate growth, flowering and corm/cormel yield. There was increased nitrogen uptake under enhanced nitrogen application, 200 kg/ha being most effective. It is suggested that enhanced nitrogen is stored up in the corms for use in the subsequent generation.

Genetics of Some Characters in Okra [Abelmoschus Escu. Lentus (L.) Moench]

Abstract: Significant genotypic differences were found for all the characters. Variances due to g.c.a. for all characters and s.c.a. variances except stem diameter, weight of fruit and yield per plant were significant for all the characters under study. Estimated component of variance σg2 was higher than σs2 for all characters except flowers per plant, seeds per fruit and yield per plant indicating the predominance of additive gene action in their inheritance. Similar results were confirmed by component analysis. Both components and graphic analysis showed over dominance for yield per plant, complete dominance for flowers per plant and partial dominance for first fruiting node, stem diameter and fruits per branch. Stem diameter, weight of fruit and flowers per plant were controlled by dominant genes. Epistatic interaction was also observed for stem diameter and seeds per fruit.

Phenotypic Variation and Its Heritable Components in Some Biometric Characters in Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.)

Abstract: Phenotypic and genotypic variabililies were studied in a collection of 16 varieties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) at the Regional Station of Agricultural Research, Vallabhnagar (Udaipur) on the Ambe-bahar flush during 1973. High genetic coefficient of variation was observed for per cent acidity, arils/fruit, rind weight, fruit yield/tree, fruit weight and fruits/tree. These characters also possessed high heri-tability as well as high genetic advance. This suggests that improvement in these characters can be brought about by practicising phenotypic selection.

Diallel Analysis in Eggplant (Solanum Melongena L.)

Abstract: Forty five F1 hybrids of brinjal or eggplant (Solarium melongena L.) in a diallel set involving ten parents (including reciprocals) were studied to investigate the gene action of five characters. Both graphical and numerical methods of diallel analysis were used for biometric analysis.

Improvement of Yield in Tomato Through Staking and Nutrient Applications

Abstract: Studies on improvement of yield in tomato CV Roma through cultural methods and nutrient applications, at the S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati during 1977–78 revealed that in addition to other cultural and manurial practices, staking of plants and application of 40 kg potash as basal and 30 kg as top dressing besides two foliar sprays of micronutrients containing Zn + B+Mg + Mn, one and two months after planting, substantially increased yields and net returns in tomato.

Pruning Studies on Bud Sprouting, Flowering and Bearing in Anab-E-Shahi Grape

Abstract: Studies on the effect of pruning in Anab-e-Shahi grape, keeping 40, 30, 24 and 20 canes with 3, 4, 5 and 6 bud respectively were conducted in the R. B. S. College vineyard at Bichpuri, Agra during 1978 and 1979. 3-bud pruning gave maximum percentage of sprouted buds (57.8) and maximum percentage of fruitful buds (27.6) out of sprouted buds. There was a positive correlation between the sprouting as well as flowering of buds of pruned canes and the severity of pruning. Various pruning treatments did not affect the time of panicle emergence and maturity of buuches. The largest number of inflorescences was obtained from the 4th node of the current seasons bearing shoots, irrespective of pruning severity.

Biochemical Basis of Rooting Potentiality in Apple Hard Wood Cuttings Ii-Rooting Cofactors and Inhibitors*

Abstract: Biochemical studies pertaining to rooting cofactors and inhibitors in the cutting bases of different apple stocks indicated marked variations in the endogenous levels of these factors. Forced cuttings contained higher amount of rooting cofactors and relatively lower quantity of inhibitors than the unforced one at the time of collection. The root promotion activities further enhanced and inhibitors depleted after warm storage and IBA treatment. Contrary to this in unforced cuttings, these changes were less marked and they showed relatively higher amount of root inhibiting activities at the time of root initiation in the all stocks. Variations in the rooting response in the various clonal rootstocks were correlated to the endogenous levels of rooting cofactors and inhibitors.

Induced Tetraploidy in Phlox

Abstract: Colchincine (0.35 per cent) treatment was given to the shoot apices of diploid Phlox drummondii plants and a few autotetraploids were isolated. The autotetraploids attained greater length and bigger size of the leaves and flowers than the diploid. The leaves were darker green and the stomata larger. The seeds and the pollen grains though bigger in size were very poor in the autotetraploids.

Effect of Post-Harvest Application of Ethrel on Degreening of Italian Round Lemon

Abstract: Studies on the degreening of Italian Round Lemon fruits with Ethrel were carried out at Regional Fruit Research Station Abohar. Five different treatments viz. dipping the fruits for 1 minute in 0, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 ppm of Ethrel in two different packing materials, i. e. newspaper and polythene sheets were tried. Maximum number of yellow fruits were obtained in 2500 ppm Ethrel treatment wrapped in poly* thene sheet after three days of storage without much alteration in the fruit quality. Loss in fruit weight was markedly reduced by polythene sheets packing. The fruits kept in polythene sheets retained firmness and usual freshness.

Chlorophyll Degradation of Green Peas in Solar Dryers

Abstract: The dehydration of green peas, Cv. PNL, in solar dryers was investigated for chlorophyll degradation and other quality parameters. Two models of solar dryers, D-I (indirect radiation and D-II (direct radiation) were used. During drying the chlorophyll contents were reduced to more than half. A direct relationship between chlorophyll loss and residual moisture was observed. For same amount of moisture removal from pricked peas, D-II took seven hours compared to nine hours in open atmospheres. Slitting of peas also helped in rapid removal of moisture. The quality of solar dried peas was comparable with the commercially available peas.

Extension of Vase-Life of Chrysanthemum Cut Flowers by Preservatives

Abstract: Of nine compounds studied for extending the vase-life of cut flowers of 3 chrysanthemum cultivars, namely, ‘Snow Ball’, ‘Temptation’ and ‘Kikubiyori’, CCC at 50 ppm and 8-HQC at 200 ppm were found to be the best for all the 3 cultivars. Other compounds had differential effects depending on the cultivars.