Showing papers in "International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology in 2017"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed solar energy from sunlight and discussed its future trends and aspects, highlighting the different applications and methods for promoting the benefits of solar energy, and described the types of solar panels that work.
Abstract: Solar energy is generated by sunlight. It is a renewable energy source that is not environmentally friendly and never disappears. Every hour, enough solar energy reaches the earth to meet the world's energy needs for one year. Today's generation needed electricity every hour. This solar energy is generated for industrial, commercial, residential and other uses. You can easily extract energy from direct sunlight. So it is very efficient and free of surrounding environmental pollution. In this article, we reviewed solar energy from sunlight and discussed its future trends and aspects. This article also describes the types of solar panels that work. Highlights the different applications and methods for promoting the benefits of solar energy.
81 citations
TL;DR: The use of aluminum alloys in manufacturing industry has increased significantly in recent years as mentioned in this paper, mainly due to their ability to combine lightness and strength in a single material, and the machining of aluminium alloys has enormously increased in volumetric proportionsso that the chip volume represents up to 80 % of the original volume of the machined material in certain segments of the industry, like aerospace.
Abstract: The use of aluminum alloys in manufacturing industry has increased significantly in recent years. This is because primarily to their ability to combine lightness and strength in a single material. Concomitant to this growth, the machining of aluminum alloys has enormously increased in volumetric proportionsso that the chip volume represents up to 80 % of the original volume of the machined material in certain segments of the industry, like aerospace. In this context, knowledge of the characteristics of machinability of aluminum alloys is essential to provide industry and researchers with information that allows them to make the right decisions when they come to machining this fantastic material. The purpose of this review is to compile relevant information about the characteristics of machinability of aluminum alloys into a single document.
80 citations
TL;DR: Inorganic fertilizers accumulate salt which expends more energy to draw water from the soil and cause them to appear wilted or dried out and if there is a rainfall shortly after they are applied them the fertilizers wash away and can pollute streams, ponds and other water bodies as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The industrial revolution followed by green revolution caused an increase in yield per unit area in crop production, but they also increased the use of synthetic fertilizers in agriculture. Intensive inorganic fertilizer usage in agriculture causes so many health problems and unrecoverable environmental pollution. To reduce and eliminate the adverse effects of Synthetic fertilizers on human health and environment, new agricultural practices have been developed that all so-called organic agriculture. The organic fertilizers include peat, animal wastes, plant waste from agriculture, and treated sewage sludge whereas inorganic fertilizers include chemicals like ammonium nitrate, potassium chloride, urea, NPK etc. Inorganic fertilizers accumulate salt which expends more energy to draw water from the soil and cause them to appear wilted or dried out and if there is a rainfall shortly after they are applied them the fertilizers wash away and can pollute streams, ponds and other water bodies. It can also leach away from the root zone of the plant it may enter through the plant to the food chain and they get accumulated and harm us. The plants are an efficient source of basic nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium as well as secondary and micronutrients such as calcium, boron, magnesium, and manganese. High chlorophyll content, the high percentage of protein and carbohydrate indicates, better physiological and biochemical conditions. It is usually suggested that the use of organic fertilizers and amendments are eco-friendly. The effect of organic and chemical fertilizers occurs significantly on the biochemical performance like chlorophyll content, protein and carbohydrate concentration of the crop plant and highlights the prospects and potential of using organic fertilizers.
47 citations
TL;DR: Comparison of delay & power is obtained in this paper for various design techniques of logic gates for low power consumption and high speed XOR and XNOR circuits.
Abstract: XOR and XNOR gates play an important role in digital systems. XOR & XNOR logic gates are basic building blocks of many arithmetic circuits. The XOR and XNOR circuit is implemented in pass transistor logic, static CMOS logic, transmission gate logic. The design of the XOR & XNOR circuits based on TSMC 32nm process models at the supply voltage 0.9V is simulated using HSPICE. Due to low power consumption and high speed these design circuits are suitable for arithmetic operations and VLSI applications. Hence comparison of delay & power is obtained in this paper for various design techniques of logic gates.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this comparative study, it is analyzed that SVM (Support Vector Machine) has greater performance than other three supervised machine learning techniques.
Abstract: Sentiment Analysis is an important and a very active area of research. It is being used by various public and nonpublic organizations to find out sentiments of the web users about their product and services, which results in making some important and effective decisions. The sudden growth of social media applications has resulted in the generation of a huge amount of opinionated data which is mostly being used in research work. Sentiment Analysis is a sub-discipline of natural language processing, where the main idea is to understand polarity of a sentence, paragraph or whole document by analysis of textual data gathered from various sources. This paper is giving a comparative analysis of four supervised machine learning techniques (Support Vector Machine, Naive Bayes, Decision Tree and Neural Network)used for sentiment analysis on the basis of different performance parameters. In this comparative study,it is analyzed that SVM (Support Vector Machine) has greater performance than other three supervised machine learning techniques.
17 citations
TL;DR: Knowing the load behavior in advance is very important in planning, analysis and operation of power systems to maintain an uninterrupted, reliable, secure and economic energy providing.
Abstract: load forecasting is vitally important for the electric industry in the deregulated economy. Load forecasting is about estimating future consumptions based on various data and information available and as per consumer behavior. Load forecasting mean forecasting average load in kw or total load in kwh for blocks of hourly, daily, weekly, monthly or yearly. There are different tools and techniques for load forecasting. One of the primary tasks of an electric utility is to accurately predict load demand requirements at all times, especially for short term. It has many applications including energy purchasing and generation, load switching, contract evaluation, and infrastructure development. Hence knowing the load behavior in advance is very important in planning, analysis and operation of power systems to maintain an uninterrupted, reliable, secure and economic energy providing.
16 citations
TL;DR: The main aim of this project is to develop an electronics based system, which will detect the level of water and updates using IoT on a real-time basis, which consists of a set of magnetic sensors.
Abstract: There exist several types of natural disasters, among them flood is one of the most dangerous since it has enough destructive capacity to change the flow of rivers, and wreck whatever comes in their path. My motivation for this work is based on all damages caused in our region due to floods. By this natural disaster many people have been suffered and damage has occurred to their home and lost their belongings. The main aim of this project is to develop an electronics based system, which will detect the level of water and updates using IoT on a real-time basis. This system consists of a set of magnetic sensors. Water level will be analyzed using magnetic sensors and updated in the webserver using IoT module. Authorities can view this information using internet from any place and also they can make a decision to divert the people from that place, this is to avoid further complications. A buzzer alert and a siren alert will be given to indicate the severity of the water level.
16 citations
TL;DR: This project has reduced the work of humans compared to the present situation, and aids in many effective ways to make environment friendly.
Abstract: Due to increasing population, modernization, people move from one place to another and way of life are expanding well. The present garbage system available in India is fully done by humans. But now in our project we have reduced the work of humans compare to the present situation. The waste which is produced across the world is innumerable if we try to reuse with the man power it may consume much time and which needs a much energy .so in order to save energy and human work we can for the technology that is available in our projects. If we concentrate power savings on the garbage issue which could save energy that may be useful for some other purposes.. Based on research of WHO 22 types of diseases can be controlled by improving solid waste management in India. Hence, people who live in India and local municipal bodies should change their casual attitude to waste management. So, waste management is a mandatory process in order to face the challenges in day to day life. The entire management includes three parts: 1) Users who generate waste,2) Waste collectors 3) stack holders. Existing waste management systems are difficult to handle and not user friendly. This project is very attractive and aids in many effective ways to make environment friendly. The waste bins are equipped with sensors and connected to cloud with push mechanism. Hence the stack holders are able to get the all data from the cloud. KeywordsSmart: Waste Management system, Smart Bin, Garbage Monitoring System.
16 citations
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used Random Forest, a most powerful and popular supervised machine learning algorithm, to predict the crop yield in future accurately, and used it to predict crop productivity in different climatic conditions can assist farmer and other stakeholders in better decision making in terms of agronomy and crop choice.
Abstract: Rice is the principal and dominant crop of India after wheat. India being at second position in the world after China often cited as main contributor to the rice production and accounts for 20% of the world’s total production. The amount of hectares in India under rice cultivation is as high as 40 million hectares in 20 states. India is also the largest exporter of rice in the world crossing 100 million tones. The sustainability and productivity of rice growing areas is dependent on suitable climatic conditions. Developing better techniques to predict crop productivity in different climatic conditions can assist farmer and other stakeholders in better decision making in terms of agronomy and crop choice. To predict the crop yield in future accurately, Random Forest, a most powerful and popular supervised machine learning algorithm is used.
15 citations
TL;DR: The role of transportation is analyzed for the improvement of future logistic its application in various sectors and the relationship of logistics and transportation.
Abstract: One of the main objectives of transportation is to move the product from one place to another with effective. Logistic is the process to increase the load, speed of delivery, quality of service, and cost of operation and to save the energy. As it takes the serious part in treatment of logistic. Transportation takes an important part in the procedure of logistic. As analyzing the actual condition they need a clear outline for logistic and proper tools for the movement of goods. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the role of transportation for the improvement of future logistic. As this research has been undertaken for the betterment of logistic. View of logistic its application in various sectors and the relationship of logistics and transportation.
TL;DR: The challenges of IsOWC are reported and the proposed solutions provide a high bandwidth, small size, light weight, low power and low cost alternative to present microwave satellite systems.
Abstract: Inter-satellite optical-wireless communication systems (IsOWC), one of the important applications of FSO/WSO technology, will be deployed in space in the near future. The IsOWC systems provide a high bandwidth, small size, light weight, low power and low cost alternative to present microwave satellite systems. In this paper we have reported the challenges of IsOWC
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide an overview of reduction of oxide minerals by hydrogen plasma and the influences of various reaction conditions particularly with respect to reduction of oxides are discussed and some aspects of both thermal and nonthermal cold plasma linking oxidative as well as dissociative reduction are presented.
Abstract: The steel industry is a major source of global-CO2 Emission. Larger reductions of green house gases are the challenge to develop new processes, like Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction (HPSR). A technology assessment shows the potential for a cheaper and most environment friendly steel-making in the future, when extensive development work has been done. Carbothermic reduction of oxide minerals is one of the major routes to obtain the corresponding metals. This process produces a lot of CO2, which is responsible for greenhouse effect. Alternatively, hydrogen plasma containing hydrogen in atomic, ionic, and excited states can reduce almost every metal oxide even at lower temperatures. Besides this advantage, plasma processing also offers kinetic advantages. Further, hydrogen-water cycle does not pose any environmental problems. However, reduction of metal oxides in hydrogen plasma is not so straightforward—there are issues relating to introduction of material into the plasma zone, residence time, reverse reaction, and scale-up that must be resolved—yet, it holds the key to future environmental challenges particularly with respect to CO2 emission. This presentation provides an overview of reduction of oxide minerals by hydrogen plasma. The influences of various reaction conditions particularly with respect to reduction of oxides are discussed and some aspects of both thermal and non-thermal cold plasma linking oxidative as well as dissociative reduction are presented.
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of nano additives on single cylinder diesel engine performance at variable operating conditions was investigated. And the results showed that the appropriate nanoadditives dose corresponding to optimal engine performance is about 40 ppm of alumina nanoparticle.
Abstract: In the present energy scenario of increased energy demand, rapid depletion of petroleum resources and increased environmental problems, the search for new renewable and alternative fuels have gained momentum. This study represents an experimental investigation to examine the effect of nano additives on single cylinder DI diesel engine performance at variable operating conditions. In this work alumina nanoparticles having average size of ~10 nm were dispersed in a mixture of jatropha methyl ester and conventional diesel fuel (20% jatropha biodiesel and 80% diesel fuel) at proportion of 20, 30 and 40 parts per million. The obtained results were compared with neat diesel and B20 as base fuels. It is found that, the appropriate nanoadditives dose corresponding to optimal engine performance is about 40 ppm of alumina nanoparticle. At this dose, the overall BSFC is reduced by about 12.5%, engine thermal efficiency is increased up to 12%, and exhaust gas temperature is reduced by 13%. Along with percentage reduction of smoke opacity by 20 %, unburned hydrocarbon by 10 %, carbon monoxide by 29 % and nitrogen oxides by 13% compared with the corresponding values obtained when only a blended fuel of 20% biodiesel is used. Such type of biofuel based Nano fluids having improved performance characteristics can be utilized directly as an alternate fuel for diesel engines.
TL;DR: In this article, the design and optimization of micro (less than 1 KW) wind turbine blades at rated wind speed 8.4 m/s was performed using mat lab programming.
Abstract: This paper consists of design and optimization of micro (less than 1 KW) wind turbine blades at rated wind speed 8.4 m/s. SG6043 airfoil is selected as it gives maximum lift coefficient of 1.63. Simulation of blade length of 1.2m is done by using Q-blade software and optimized values of chord length and twist angle at each respective section are calculated by mat lab programming. Multiple parameter BEM simulation is done in Q-blade and graphs of and power is plotted against tip speed ratio. While considering the rotor radius flange, hub and shaft radius is considered in it. Maximum value of power coefficient ( ) at rated wind speed of 8.4 m/s is observed to be 0.45 in Q-blade simulation.
TL;DR: In this article, the compressive energy and sturdiness of concrete with the aid of addition of nano-particle of zinc oxide was investigated, and the experimental output confirmed that using ZnO nano particles up to maximum replacement degree of 1.5% produces concrete with enhanced strength.
Abstract: Nanotechnology has changed our imaginative and prescient, expectations and abilities to manage the material industry. The improvements in Nano-technology also can have an extremely good effect on the sector of construction materials. The reason of this experimental analysis is to research the compressive energy and sturdiness of concrete with the aid of addition Nano-particle of zinc oxide. ZnO Nanoparticle fills the pores completely and also quickens the hydration procedure of cement particles, which causes enhance in mechanical strength and durability. The mechanical and durability property were investigated of cement concrete having Nano-particle of Zinc Oxide with the common particle size of 60 nm. The experimental output confirmed that using ZnO Nano particles up to maximum replacement degree of 1.5% produces concrete with enhanced strength. The cement was partially substitute by using NZnO of 0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 % by using weight of cement. The compressive strength of Concrete cubes cured for 7, 14 and 28 days Durability test of cement Concrete was completed via the use of 10 % of NaCl solution.
TL;DR: The different challenges that limit the conceivable aptitudes of RoF communication systems are evaluated and to grasp high-performance RoF links are evaluated.
Abstract: RoF stands for Radio over frequency technology. The requirement of high bandwidth, high data transmission rate raise. To fulfill this prerequisite the concept of fiber optic was developed. RoF has attained an operative supply of wireless and baseband signal, and has also diminishes the power consumption. Here in this paper, we evaluate the different challenges that limit the conceivable aptitudes of RoF communication systems and to grasp high-performance RoF links. General Terms-Optical wireless communication, Radio-over-fiber
TL;DR: In this paper, an attempt has been made to find the suitability of ceramic coarse aggregate as a possible substitute for conventional aggregate in concrete, and the main focus of this research is to study the strength of concrete with ceramic waste as coarse aggregate.
Abstract: Abstract: The main focus of this research is to study the strength of concrete with ceramic waste as coarse aggregate. Increased construction activity and continuous dependence on conventional materials of concrete marking are leading to scarcity of the material and increased construction cost. In this study an attempt has been made to find the suitability of ceramic coarse aggregate as a possible substitute for conventional aggregate in concrete. The ceramic industry is known to generate large amounts of calcined-clay wastes each year. So far a huge part is used in landfills. Reusing these wastes in concrete could be a within situation. So we prefer ceramic waste to increase the strength and stability of concrete.
TL;DR: Various techniques to minimize power dissipation due to glitches are discussed in the design of VLSI circuits.
Abstract: Due to miniaturization of circuit’s mobility degradation, velocity saturation and power dissipation issues are critical in the design of VLSI circuits. In this paper various techniques to minimize power dissipation due to glitches are discussed. Total power consumption consists of two major parts like static power consumption and dynamic power consumption. In the total power, the static power is 30% and dynamic power is 70 %. The power due to glitches is 70% of the dynamic power and 30 % of the total power. Various methods are developed by researchers to minimize the power due to glitches.
TL;DR: K-Nearest Neighbor is highly efficient classification algorithm due to its key features like: very easy to use, requires low training time, robust to noisy training data, easy to implement, but alike other algorithms it also has some shortcomings as computation complexity, large memory requirement for large training datasets, curse of dimensionality and time complexity.
Abstract: K-Nearest Neighbor is highly efficient classification algorithm due to its key features like: very easy to use, requires low training time, robust to noisy training data, easy to implement, but alike other algorithms it also has some shortcomings as computation complexity, large memory requirement for large training datasets, curse of dimensionality which can’t be ignored and it also gives equal weights to all attributes. Many researchers have developed various techniques to overcome these shortcomings. In this paper such techniques are discussed. Some of these techniques are structure based, like R-Tree, R*-Tree, Voronoi cells, Branch & Bound algorithm and these algorithms overcome computation complexity as well as also help to reduce the searching time for neighbors in multimedia training datasets. Some techniques are non-structure based like Weighted KNN, Model based KNN, distance based KNN, Class confidence weighted KNN, Dynamic weighted KNN, Clustering based KNN, and Pre-classification based KNN, and these algorithms reduce memory limitation, curse of dimensionality and time complexity.
TL;DR: In this paper, the items are classified into F, S and N classes based on Based on Turnover Ratio (BOR) for FSN analysis, and only generally used items are used for the analysis.
Abstract: An inventory management is technique which is generally used to manage the company effectively. The company wants to control their inventory cost, material cost, labor cost etc. There are several inventory techniques used in company such as FSN, XYZ, ABC, HML, VED and S-OS. In this study we shall focus on FSN analysis. In FSN analysis the items are classified into F, S and N classes based on Based on Turnover ratio. Data collection is mainly of 1 year through the general store manager of sponge iron plant. In these analysis only generally used items is used for FSN analysis.
TL;DR: Green concrete is a new technology developed now days to reduce the effect on environment by production of cement and as a result of which, it reduces the negative effects on environment.
Abstract: conventional concrete is responsible for amount of carbon-dioxide emission to some extent. So to reduce the emission, various types of concrete are developed using waste products from industries and agricultural use like blast furnace slag, silica fume, fly ash which requires low amount of energy and also cause least harm to the environment. Green concrete is a new technology developed now days to reduce the effect on environment by production of cement. Cement contains high amount of carbon-di-oxide which harms the environment drastically, so by replacing the cement by various materials which causes harm to the environment we not only reduce the problem of disposal of these materials but we reduce the emission of carbon-di-oxide from cement and as a result of which we reduces the negative effect on environment.
TL;DR: In this article, the advantages and disadvantages of using composite materials in airframe manufacturee and also review the advanced development in composites as structuralal materials are discussed and discussed. But, there is a continuing trend in development of composite materials and production of materials to either improve physical properties or to allow their application in new areas and roles for further usage in the future.
Abstract: Though there is a tremendous progress in the discipline of material science and engineering,still remains technological challenges, including the development of even more sophisticated and specialized materials such as composite materials. Selection of material is a very critical issue when it comes to Aerospace Engineering. Now-a-days, composites are becoming increasingly important in the Aerospace industry because of its increased strength at lower weights, corrosion resistance, stiffness etc. This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of using composite materials in airframe manufacturee and also reviews the advanced development in composites as structuralal materials. A continuing trend in development of composite materials and production of materials to either improve physical properties or to allow their application in new areas and roles for further usage in the future.
TL;DR: In this article, an attempt has been made to manufacture the bricks by using waste plastics in range of 60 to 80% by weight of Foundry Waste sand and 60/70 grade bitumen was added in the form of 2 to 5% of sand in molten form and this bitumenplastic resin was mixed with Foundry waste sand to manufacture bricks.
Abstract: There has been a considerable imbalance between the availability of conventional building materials and their demand in the recent past. On the other hand the foundry waste Sand is abundantly available and the disposal of waste plastics (PET, PP,etc.) is a biggest challenge, as repeated recycling of PET bottles pose a potential danger of being transformed to a carcinogenic material and only a small proportion of PET bottles are being recycled. In this work an attempt has been made to manufacture the bricks by using waste plastics in range of 60 to 80% by weight of Foundry Waste sand and 60/70 grade bitumen was added in range of 2 to 5% by weight of sand in molten form and this bitumenplastic resin was mixed with Foundry waste sand to manufacture the bricks. The bricks manufactured possess the properties such as neat and even finishing, with negligible water absorption and satisfactory compressive strength in comparison with Foundry waste sand to satisfy the increasing demand of conventional building materials. Keywords—Waste Foundry Sand, Fly Ash, PET Waste, Bitumen, Compressive Strength Test, Efflorescence Test, Water Absorption Test.
TL;DR: Agarwal et al. as discussed by the authors used metanil yellow (an artificial color) is used to intensify the color of the turmeric powder also adulterants like chalk powder, brick powder and toxic substances are added to gain profit and to lower the cost so as to compete with the market.
Abstract: Food is one of the basic needs for every living being and is very important aspect for life. But now a day’s foods are affected by different adulterants. Adulteration is a substance which reduces the vital importance of food. Adulterants like metanil yellow (an artificial color) is used to intensify the color of the turmeric powder also adulterants like chalk powder, brick powder and toxic substances are added to gain profit and to lower the cost so as to compete with the market. Such adulterants can lead to anemia, paralysis, brain damage, stomach disorders and also cancer. Spices may also be contaminated because of conditions under which they are cultivated and harvested. Contaminated spices have been reported to cause certain food-borne illnesses and spoilage.
TL;DR: This project has proposed a three phase conformation of procedure for smart locker, by applying Android App, using Fingerprints and OTP which check out the user, and uses the Android App which generates an OTP to registered mobile number which highlights the smart security.
Abstract: This project will focused on effective recognizing and controlling system for Bank locker room which is fully selfdetermining. In cases of robberies, its commonly happen that the banned entrance in the locker room area which can be detected by our security system. If the robbery take place the banks are not be capable to recognize the robber due to absence of the proof by using the current human operated security system. The system will designed in effective way by recognizing and controlling illegal person to access the locker for the safety of bank locker room. In this, we proposed a three phase conformation of procedure for smart locker, by applying Android App, using Fingerprints and OTP which check out the user. As compare to any other previous approaches our system uses the Android App which generates an OTP to registered mobile number which highlights the smart security. The designed system is highly proficient and consistent because of three security stages and not capable to break the combination of this three stages. Keywords– Bank Locker Security System, Android App, Internet Of Things, Fingerprint