Showing papers in "International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy in 2022"
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explored the effect of renewable energy, non-renewable, economic growth, and investment in the energy sector on CO2 emission in the Indian economy.
Abstract: Accomplishing environmental sustainability has become a global initiative whilst addressing climate change and its effects. Thus, there is a necessity for innovation on part of economies as they seek energy for sustainable development. Thus, we explore the case of India a highly industrialized and heavy emitter of carbon emission. To this end, this study explores the effect of renewable energy, non-renewable, economic growth, and investment in the energy sector on CO2 emission in the Indian economy. Canonical Cointegration Regression (CCR), Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) and Dynamic Least Squares (DOLS) were used to access the long-run elasticity of the variables as well as Granger Causality analysis to detect the direction of causality relationship among the highlighted variables. Empirical regression shows a negative relation between CO2 emission and renewable energy. Thus, suggesting that renewable energy serves as a panacea for sustainable development in the face of economic growth trajectory. However, there was a positive relationship between CO2 emission and both non-renewable and real GDP growth. On the Granger analysis, we observe a one-way causality among renewable energy consumption and CO2 emission, economic development, and energy investment. These outcomes have far-reaching policy direction of environmental sustainability target in Indian economy.
137 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined the dynamic nexus between financial deepening, natural resource rent, non-renewable energy and renewable energy consumption and CO2 emission by using a dataset of six GCC countries (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait and Bahrain).
Abstract: The study examined the dynamic nexus between financial deepening, natural resource rent, nonrenewable-energy and renewable-energy consumption and CO2 emission by using a dataset of six GCC countries (UAE, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Kuwait and Bahrain) from 1993 to 2019. For estimation, study applying second-generation panel unit root, cointegration and long-run estimation tests for robust and efficient results. The study confirms the presence of cross-sectional dependency while economic expansion and nonrenewable-energy contribute to CO2 emissions, financial deepening and renewable-energy consumption have a significant impact on reducing environmental degradation. Furthermore, the Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality test reveals a statistically significant bidirectional correlation between financial deepening, consumption of nonrenewable-energy and renewable-energy and CO2 emission. In light of these findings, a number of policy recommendations are provided to help the GCC countries overcome on CO2 emissions while promoting economic growth.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors provide an overview of the advancements present in research on the green economy for the period from 1990 to 2020 using a bibliometric analysis approach, and provide guidance and a solid conceptual framework for future research.
Abstract: With the increased efforts and focus on sustainable development and changes in the climate, literature has given more attention to the green economy. However, researchers have not yet been totally able to consensus on the definition of this phenomenon. The study presented in the paper provides an overview of the advancements present in research on the green economy for the period from 1990 to 2020. Using a bibliometric analysis approach, the paper summarizes the trends of development and the status quo of the green economy. The aim is to provide the reader with guidance and a solid conceptual framework for future research.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors analyzed the contribution of green innovation, green energy production, and financial development to environmental quality with the moderating role of country governance and found that green innovation and green energy consumption negatively contribute to environmental degradation (environment sustainability).
Abstract: The study aims to analyze the contributions of green innovation, green energy production, and financial development to environmental quality with the moderating role of country governance. The study collects data from a panel of five South Asian economies from 2000 to 2018. The paper includes CIPS, a second-generation unit root to test the data's stationarity, and the Westerlund co-integration to investigate the long-term relationship between determinants. The Fully Modified and Dynamic Ordinary Least Square is applied to estimate the long-run coefficient and test the hypothesized relationship between selected determinants. The study finds that green innovation and green energy production negatively (positively) contribute to environmental degradation (environment sustainability). Moreover, financial development has a substantial impact on environmental degradation and sustainability, as per the findings. The study further finds a significant role of country governance in the relationship between green innovation, green energy production, environmental degradation, and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, country governance is improving the link between financial development and environmental degradation, and long-term sustainability.
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present Simon, a new model proposed by Evogy, enabling a result-oriented Product Service System (PSS) for buildings through Cyber-Physical Systems, Artificial Intelligence, and Internet of Things adoption.
Abstract: Sustainability is a current challenge and all sectors, including the buildings one, are being called upon to provide a solution to mitigate climate change. The state of the art of energy management using ICT technology in building systems industry is characterized by a traditional monitoring approach which could assess the energy consumption of the building but that cannot manage and act the required action to improve the energy management according to a demand side approach. The aim of this paper is to overcome this traditional monitoring approach, presenting Simon, a new model proposed by Evogy, enabling a result-oriented Product Service System (PSS) for buildings through Cyber-Physical Systems, Artificial Intelligence, and Internet of Things adoption. The main findings highlight the benefits associated with the Simon model by virtue of digital-based predictive maintenance on the real system. In addition, its adoption allows the PSS provider to aggregate energy demand from the plethora of buildings and, according to digital technologies, not only monitor consumption but also implement equipment. Finally, the application case highlights the benefits are different and thus stands as a best practice for combining sustainability and digitization.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigate whether the FDI inflows affect CO2 emissions for a set of 40 African countries and find that the quality of institutions plays a role in the empirical validity of the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH).
Abstract: This article aims at investigating whether the FDI inflows affect CO2 emissions for a set of 40 African countries. To be specific, it seeks to perceive, to what extent the quality of institutions plays a role in the empirical validity of the famous pollution haven hypothesis (PHH). We apply Panel ARDL and the three estimators; Pooled Mean Group (PMG), Mean Group (MG) and Dynamic Fixed Effect estimator (DFE) but also Granger causality and Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality for annual data from 1988 to 2016. Long run results indicate the link between FDI, and pollution is relatively complex. If in general, the PHH does not seem to be validated, the result represents quite the opposite when we consider the institutional quality in the diverse African countries. Indeed, our results show the quality of institutions determines the nature of FDI received by African countries. In countries with a high level of corruption, inward FDI significantly reduces CO2 emissions, while in countries with low institutional quality, inward FDI increases CO2 emissions. Some policy recommendations have been formulated to support African countries reduce carbon emissions and support economic development. In particular, institutional reform would enable African countries to reconcile economic development, particularly through the FDI, with environmental quality.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined the causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in case of Azerbaijan using annual data from 1992 to 2015 using Toda-Yamamoto causality test framework of vector autoregressive (VAR) model.
Abstract: This article examines the causal relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in case of Azerbaijan using annual data from 1992 to 2015. The Toda-Yamamoto causality test framework of vector autoregressive (VAR) model is utilized to test causal relationship between the variables. The results of this test reveal that there is unidirectional causality running from economic growth to renewable energy consumption. The study's findings might be a helpful tool for Azerbaijani policymakers and oil-rich economies to make renewable energy-related policy decisions.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors employed a case study approach with the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) being selected as the case study and developed an energy efficiency benchmark for university buildings by using statistical analysis.
Abstract: Previous studies have reported that buildings consume nearly 36% of the total energy used and contribute towards 30% of the total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, improving energy efficiency in buildings is essential to enhance a sustainable built environment. This research employed a case study approach with the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) being selected as the case study. A number of buildings recorded high annual energy consumption (EC) data while others recorded low energy consumption. This was due to the absence of a benchmark line reference for campus buildings, thereby causing a significant difference in the energy consumption of each building. The study's aim was to develop an energy efficiency benchmark for university buildings by using statistical analysis. From statistical analysis, the standard practical range was between 72.5–141.0 kWh/m2/yr. Buildings with an energy consumption per unit area value below 72.5 kWh/m2/yr are regarded as best energy efficient buildings. In contrast, those above 141.0 kWh/m2/yr are considered poor energy efficient buildings. For recommendation, buildings that exceed the maximum value of this range require stricter supervision and monitoring by the university management.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explain the mechanisms that have increased the grassroots development of photovoltaics in Poland and to explain the motives of prosumers, the impact of investing in PV on changing their lifestyle, their readiness to switch to off-grid systems and their potential to create a prosumer social movement in Poland.
Abstract: The aim of this article is to explain the mechanisms that have increased the grassroots development of photovoltaics (PV) in Poland and to explain the motives of prosumers. Micro-installations have become a driving force for PV in Poland, thanks to which the country, whose energy industry is mostly based on hard coal and lignite, became the fourth PV growth market in Europe in 2020. Based on focus group interviews, the authors explain the motives of prosumers, the impact of investing in PV on changing their lifestyle, their readiness to switch to off-grid systems and their potential to create a prosumer social movement in Poland. The decentralisation of the energy sector and the mass prosumer response to the increase in energy price led the government to change the regulations in force in Poland from April 2022, which defined the method of settling the surplus energy given by prosumers to the grid.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a bibliometric analysis of scientific literature sourced from scientific journals published in the last ten years with the topic of hybrid energy is presented. But the results of study stated that several topics that had novelty were obtained to be used in the development of further knowledge and technology, especially in the developing of hybrid energies including energy density, renewable energy system, supercapacitor, storage system, algorithm, electric vehicle, and energy system.
Abstract: Hybrid energy is a combination of two or more energy sources, some of which can be sourced from several renewable energies combined, or combined with fossil energy. Renewable energy diversity is implemented through the development of hybrid energy in order to obtain new energy sources that are more effective and efficient. Bibliometric analysis is directed to analyze topics that have novelty according to the time period of publication based on qualitative methods. Analysis of scientific literature sourced from scientific journals published in the last ten years with the topic of hybrid energy. The results of study stated that several topics that had novelty were obtained to be used in the development of further knowledge and technology, especially in the development of hybrid energy including energy density, renewable energy system, supercapacitor, storage system, algorithm, electric vehicle, and energy system. The development of hybrid energy is very important to be followed up in order to get more comprehensive source of energy diversity and has full support for development of green technology that has relevance in sustainable development.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the effect of urbanization on energy demand in Somalia while controlling the effects of economic growth and population growth was assessed using FMOLS, canonical cointegration regression (CCR), and impulse response function (IRF).
Abstract: Somalia is recovering from a long-period of civil unrest and political instability. The urbanized population are growing at unprecedented growth rate which ultimately results in an increase in energy demand. To this end, this study assesses the effect of urbanization on energy demand in Somalia while controlling the effects of economic growth and population growth. To achieve the aim, the study employs fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS), canonical cointegration regression (CCR) and impulse response function (IRF) with time series data spanning from 1990 to 2018. Before the long-run model estimation, the study utilizes Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Philips’s Perron (PP) tests to check the unit root problem, and they demonstrate that all the variables are stationary at first difference I (1). Furthermore, the empirical results indicate that urbanization impedes energy consumption, whereas economic growth and population growth increase energy demand in the long-run. Besides, the result of IRF demonstrate that one standard deviation shock in urbanization (lnUB) results in energy consumption to decrease (lnEC) in the whole 10 periods. This calls for the Somali policy makers to consider urbanization as an effective determinant while targeting energy conservation policy in order to mitigate the fossil fuel energy use.
TL;DR: In this article , an economic assessment of the development of the electric power industry and the agro-industrial complex is carried out on the basis of information, communication and digital technologies of smart farms on the example of the Almaty region.
Abstract: The goal is to conduct modeling and analyze the management efficiency of the energy industry and the agro-industrial complex based on the introduction of digitalization to stimulate economic growth in Kazakhstan. When writing the work, the following research methods were used - bibliometric, statistical, factorial, grouping and generalization, regression, comparative. Results - an economic assessment of the development of the electric power industry and the agro-industrial complex was carried out. It is noted that the economy of Kazakhstan is quite energy-intensive and costly. It is shown that the increasing level of agricultural production exceeds the demand for electricity consumption. The serious deterioration of electrical equipment and agricultural machinery has been identified, which is a barrier to the promotion of digital technologies. The stimulation of the growth of electricity generation from renewable energy sources based on the use of innovative and digital technologies is analyzed. The modeling of the development of the agro-industrial complex is carried out on the basis of the use of information, communication and digital technologies of smart farms on the example of the Almaty region. Presented and summarized measures for the implementation of innovative projects in digital energy and smart agriculture. The problems and recommendations are given for accelerating the implementation of digitalization in the energy sector and the agro-industrial complex. The role of digital and electronic technologies in agriculture and the energy complex in promoting the economic growth of Kazakhstan has been substantiated.
TL;DR: In this paper , the effects of environmental performance, profitability, and leverage on the environmental disclosure in mining industry sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange were analyzed, and the results showed that environmental performance had a positive and significant effect on environmental disclosure.
Abstract: This study aims to analyse the effects of environmental performance, profitability, and leverage on the environmental disclosure in mining industry sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample of this study was 15 mining companies which were selected by using a purposive sampling technique. We collected the company's annual report over the period 2014 – 2021. The results showed that environmental performance had a positive and significant effect on environmental disclosure. In this case, the Corporate Performance Rating Program (PROPER) rating was able to prove that there was a significant influence between the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) as a form of its responsibility and the extent of environmental disclosure. In addition, profitability produced a negative and significant effect on environmental disclosure. The company considered that it was no longer necessary to carry out environmental disclosure when the company has made a profit annually because the company's environmental performance was good. Finally, leverage had a negative and significant effect on environmental disclosure. Thus, when the leverage of the company reached the maximum point, the company chose to pay off the debt, instead of conducting environmental disclosure.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined the causality between energy consumption and economic growth with an asymmetric causality approach in Indonesia using data from 1971-2014 and found that there is no relationship between consumption and growth on a positive cumulative basis.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the causality between energy consumption and economic growth with an asymmetric causality approach in Indonesia. Data used from 1971-2014. Asymmetric causality using the Hatemi-J method (2012). Bootstrap simulation is also implemented because the data is not normally distributed and there is volatility to get a more reliable critical value than using asymptotic values. The first finding is that classical causality with Toda-Yamamoto finds no relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in Indonesia. The second finding shows that asymmetric causality shows no relationship between energy consumption and economic growth on a positive cumulative basis. However, the third finding obtained a bidirectional in negative cumulative. It is known that the impact of a decrease in energy consumption is greater on a decrease in economic growth than vice versa. Based on these findings, energy consumption in Indonesia has reached an optimal point so that additional energy consumption does not have an impact on economic growth. However, efforts to stabilize energy and economic growth are urgently needed.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined the effects of energy consumption and per capita gross domestic product on carbon dioxide emission which is a precursor for global warming due to its large scale impact on the environment.
Abstract: This study examines the effects of energy consumption and per capita gross domestic product on carbon dioxide emission which is a precursor for global warming due to its large scale impact on the environment. The effect of per capita gross domestic product and per capita energy consumption on carbon emission per capita in Uganda is not clearly known. This study fill the empirical gap for Uganda for 1986-2018. The study used Vector Error Correction techniques and the results suggest evidence of a long-run relationship between the variables at a 5% significance level using the Johansen cointegration test. The estimated elasticity of carbon dioxide emission per capita with respect to gross domestic product per capita is 1.856.The results for the existence and direction of Granger causality show a unidirectional causality running from gross domestic product per capita to carbon dioxide emission per capita and the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis is supported. In addition, there is no causal link between energy consumption per capita and gross domestic product per capita, which supports the growth neutrality hypothesis. The overall results indicate that gross domestic product per capita has a positive effect on carbon dioxide emission in Uganda while energy consumption does not Granger cause carbon dioxide emission.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors examined the impact of sectoral growth on CO2 emissions in the case of Pakistan from 1970 to 2019, where ADF and PP unit root tests have been applied to check the stationarity of the data series.
Abstract: This study has examined the impact of sectoral growth on CO2 emissions in the case of Pakistan from 1970 to 2019. ADF and PP unit root tests have been applied to check the stationarity of the data series, whereas the Zivot-Andrew structural break unit root test has been applied to check the existence of structural break. The results of the unit root test show there is mixed order of integration among the selected variables, Zivot-Andrew unit root test also highlights the point of a structural break in the data series. The autoregressive distributed lag model has been applied for checking the cointegration among the variables of the model. The results show that industrial growth, population density, and time trend are positively and significantly contributing to CO2 emissions in Pakistan. Whereas services sector growth is responsible for reducing CO2 emissions in Pakistan. The results show that agricultural growth and globalization are reducing CO2 emissions but this relationship is insignificant over the selected time. In the short-run industrial growth, agricultural growth, and service sector growth are reducing the level of CO2 emissions in Pakistan. Likewise long run, trend time is promoting CO2 emissions in the short run in Pakistan. The government of Pakistan can control CO2 emissions by improvement in industrial production methods, reducing population density, and promoting services sector growth. There must be some dynamic policies are required to control the time trend impact on CO2 emission in Pakistan.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigate the multi-scale information transmission between two implied volatilities in the energy markets (crude oil volatility and volatility in energy market) and energy commodities returns (global energy commodity, brent, heating oil, natural gas and petroleum) using the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) based Rényi transfer entropy approach.
Abstract: We investigate the multi-scale information transmission between two implied volatilities in the energy markets (crude oil volatility and volatility in the energy market) and energy commodities returns (global energy commodity, brent, heating oil, natural gas and petroleum). The Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise (CEEMDAN) based Rényi transfer entropy approach is employed to accomplish the research objective. The study’s outcome underscores that information flow between implied volatilities and energy commodities is negative with significance being scale-dependent. Especially, significant negative information flow is found at specific intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) such as IMF1, and from IMFs 6-9 suggesting short-, upper medium and long-term energy markets dynamics. Comparatively, we find profound negative information flow with the crude oil implied volatility than the volatility in the entire energy market implying the former’s strong hedging benefits. Investors and policymakers should have knowledge about the dynamics of implied volatilities, particularly, the crude oil implied volatility when designing strategies for the energy commodities markets.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined the experience of financing renewable energy projects in Ukraine and found that the most expansive spread option for funding renewable energy project was lending with the help of international financial institutions.
Abstract: The study examined the experience of financing renewable energy projects in Ukraine. Renewable energy is one of the tools to enhance decarbonization and meet the obligations taken within the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU, and under the Paris Agreement. Ukraine has factors impeding the investments, resulting in a high cost of capital. Overall, there are five main options of financing theoretically available: lending, primarily with the aid of international financial institutions; funding of renewable energy projects by municipalities; voluntary associations of citizens; securities; irrevocable financial assistance. The future instruments include securities and a recently announced mechanism to finance renewable energy projects in the frame of the Green Deal. The most expansive spread option for funding renewable energy projects was lending with the help of international financial institutions. Due to the bilateral electricity market transition of Ukraine in 2019, Ukraine failed to found a model for sustainable financing of electricity from renewables, resulted in the accumulation of significant debt with the feed-in tariff payment. This fact hinders the planned and potential future investments until a sustainable model of financing is found.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the presence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) as well as Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) for Malaysia using a latest annual dataset for the period 1971 until 2019.
Abstract: Over the past forty years, Malaysia has achieved tremendous economic growth because of higher investment from foreigner such as from China, Japan, and US. Many multinational companies (MNC) have allocated their factories especially in more developed state such as Selangor, Penang and Johor to focused on their operation. The country able to receive various benefits from this investment in the form of job creation, advancement in technology, better income distribution and at same time, some negative externalities such as environmental degradation can also take place from those operation. Given this situation, it is interesting to investigate the current state of sustainable development for Malaysia by considering the impacts of FDI. This paper focused on investigating the presence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) as well as Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) for Malaysia using a latest annual dataset for the period 1971 until 2019. The study used Bound test to determine the impact of FDI and other selected macroeconomic variables on environmental quality proxied by Carbon emission (CO2). The outcomes shows that the country showcased the U shaped of EKC and higher FDI inflows has worsening the country’s environmental pollution. These outcomes posit a bad alarm for the policymakers of the country to be more aware on the consequences of development that cause higher carbon emissions release and how MNC in the country contribute more emissions with make the scenario worsen. Heavy environmental rules should be imposed to foreign investors and the country need to be directing their economic development by following the principles set out by United Nation in pursing sustainable development.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors analyzed active methods of state energy security in Ukraine and in the world and suggested the methodology to calculate the integral index of energy security is suggested, including energy production, energy export, domestic consumption, capital investment in energy, etc.
Abstract: The research addresses the improvement of the methodology to evaluate the energy security through theoretical-methodological substantiation, development, and calculation of the integral index of its competitiveness for a country on the example of Ukraine. Establishing an efficient energy security (like a component of national security) system is a crucial issue in the current military-political situation in Ukraine. The global economic crisis and military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the imposition of sanctions against it by European states have led to a deterioration in energy security of many energy-dependent EU countries. That is why the methodology of energy security calculations should be adapted to modern military-political instability conditions. The article aims to analyze active methods of state energy security in Ukraine and in the world. The authors’ methodology to calculate the integral index of energy security is suggested. Indicators of energy security include energy production, energy export, domestic consumption, capital investment in energy, etc. Every component of energy security will have factors of Russia’s war influence, which anyway in conclusion will correlate with the integral index of energy security. Integral indicators of energy security maintenance on the example of Ukraine.
TL;DR: In this article , a conceptual framework that describes the relationship between energy eco-efficiency, energy audit and environmental performance is presented. But, the authors do not consider the impact of these three activities on the overall performance of the company.
Abstract: This paper examines a conceptual framework that describes the relationship between energy eco-efficiency, energy audit and environmental performance. In this paper, the authors argue that eco-efficiency and energy audits can directly affect environmental performance. This paper examines responses to a survey of general managers in hotel companies registered with the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. The time horizon of data collection is cross-sectional. The hypothesis was tested using a multiple linear regression analysis approach by interpreting the regression model through the value of the significant coefficient to see the partial effect. In general, the proposed framework obtains adequate fit statistics. Furthermore, the results support the argument that eco-efficiency and energy audits positively and significantly affect the company's environmental performance. A limitation of this study relates to the small sample size, as environmental results and energy use are still considered confidential by many hotel companies. A causal relationship could not be confirmed for the results. The instrument used was fully adopted from previous research without unidimensional retesting. This study contributes to the literature-based view of natural resource energy conservation by responding to recent calls to examine energy conservation efforts on environmental performance. These results can be a special reference for policy-making in companies to improve their environmental performance continuously. This study also has important implications for energy conservation practices by describing the potential for energy savings through eco-efficiency and energy audits to improve environmental performance. These results indicate that energy conservation with improved environmental management accounting mechanisms in Indonesia seems to require more pressure as mandated by the government.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors employed the ARDL bounds technique to determine the long run relationship among the variables and the VECM to determine direction of causality among variables, and found that there is a long relationship between carbon emission, economic growth, energy consumption, foreign direct investment and trade openness in South Africa.
Abstract: South Africa has been dismantling the challenges of Global warming and climate change issues pertaining Carbon emissions which have aggravated environmental problems over the past years due to its heavy reliance on coal. About 77% of South Africa's electricity needs are been bestowed by coal. This study serves to determine the relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth in South Africa covering the period between 1984 and 2018. The study employed the ARDL bounds technique to determine the long run relationship among the variables and the VECM to determine the direction of causality among variables. The findings established that there is a long relationship between carbon emission, economic growth, energy consumption, foreign direct investment and trade openness in South Africa. The VECM suggested that there is bidirectional causality flowing between economic growth and carbon emissions. The results also validated the EKC hypothesis both in the long run and short run. It is thus imperative for the policy makers and government to divert their thoughts to more innovative and creative strategies of attaining alternative energy sources especially renewable sources. There is a need for the best environmental policy to enhance infrastructure investment to improve energy efficiency and reduce emissions.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors used a system dynamics model to analyse the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that would be generated in this process in the national context, through simulation scenarios, a comparative analysis is carried out of the current use of coal within the energy matrix versus the use of this resource for hydrogen generation in the medium and long term.
Abstract: The environmental effects generated by the energy sector worldwide have become increasingly evident, raising the concerns of governments, industries and the research sector for addressing this problem. In the search for alternatives, hydrogen technology has drawn attention for its benefits as a new energy vector, since it is highly efficient and clean, and has multiple sources of generation. In Colombia, the possible generation of this energy vector from coal gasification has been estimated, since coal is a resource that is abundant in the territory. However, as a technology that uses a fossil resource, an analysis of the environmental effects of its implementation is necessary. The present work uses a system dynamics model to analyse the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that would be generated in this process in the national context. Through simulation scenarios, a comparative analysis is carried out of the effects of the current use of coal within the energy matrix versus the use of this resource for hydrogen generation in the medium and long term. The results indicate that the implementation of this technology accompanied by a minimum CO2 capture process would represent a reduction in the total emissions of the energy matrix.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present and discuss, through a systematic literature review, the factors that interfere in the energy regulatory process with emphasis on EC, and discuss the main regulatory challenges and opportunities in this area.
Abstract: The Energy Cloud (EC) is an emerging theme that has emerged as an option to the issues of managing energy supply and demand, since it makes use of tools that streamline this process, such as cloud computing, data processing, and smart devices. Efforts need to be focused on the regulation of this energy management model and understanding what affects or delays this process which is essential for the diffusion of EC. Thus, the objective of this paper is to present and discuss, through a systematic literature review, the factors that interfere in the energy regulatory process with emphasis on EC. This research resulted in 29 Critical Success Factors (CSF), which, according to similar characteristics, were grouped into 7 Fundamental Points of View (FPV): economic, personal or socio-cultural, availability, institutional and market, regulatory infrastructure, external and information factors, and ideology. The CSFs and FPVs were cited 183 times in the selected articles. The analysis of these factors contributed to the identification of barriers that affect the energy regulatory process, delaying the development towards an EC environment, and discussed the main regulatory challenges and opportunities in this area.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors examined the importance of environmental accounting disclosure practices (EADP) and provided a systematic review based on the existing literature and found that there is a steady rise in publications, and major academic work in this area was from Italy, the USA and the UK.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to examine the importance of Environmental Accounting Disclosure Practices (EADP) and provide a systematic review based on the existing literature. Bibliometric analysis technique was used in this research work based on the Scopus database over a 30-year period (1991-2021), using a sample of 190 articles we determined the most relevant journals, influential authors, countries, keywords, academic institutions, most cited papers, and trends. The results of the study show that this area of research is still at an early stage but is developing at a greater pace. The current analysis reveals that there is a steady rise in publications, and major academic work in this area was from Italy, the USA and the UK. This research also highlighted that environmental accounting disclosure practices have a positive effect on a firm’s performance and that these disclosure practices are significantly dependent upon the firm’s characteristics such as firm size, profitability, time of listing, financial leverage, board size and firm age. This research work does not consider books and chapters but only includes papers published in academics and international journals. Future researchers can also take into consideration other literature review techniques and various other database platforms for data extraction.
TL;DR: A comparison of energy generation using two methods of power production for different geographical locations is presented in this article , where the HOMER software is used, which allows simulating generation systems with different energy sources.
Abstract: This article presents a comparison of energy generation using two methods of power production for different geographical locations. For this comparison, the HOMER software was used, which allows simulating generation systems with different energy sources. For the development of these simulations it was necessary to collect three parameters in the locations to be analyzed, which were wind speed, solar radiation and temperature. The photovoltaic array system was simulated using from 10 to 200 units with a constant value of one wind turbine, while for the wind turbine system, 1 to 9 units were used together with a constant value of 100 photovoltaic arrays. For the photovoltaic system, there is no major difference in the net project cost, the renewable fraction and the annual carbon dioxide production when using a greater number of arrays, but an increase in energy production is observed, a greater effect is obtained by changing the location of the system, analyzing the wind system a greater number of turbines increases the energy production, but also increase the annual carbon dioxide production and project cost, there is no significant difference between locations for the project cost the other parameters are affected. By using an optimization algorithm in the systems, the best performance was obtained in Puerto Bolivar using 105 photovoltaic arrays of 1kW and 3 wind turbines of 1.5MW.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluated some important drivers and barriers to wind power generation and showed that the deployment of wind power can enhance energy security and environmental sustainability in the future generation mix.
Abstract: In the last two decades electricity shortage has hampered the economic growth of Pakistan. To overcome these crises, thermal power plants were commissioned to bridge the supply and demand gap. Deployment of thermal power generation resulted in an unsustainable energy mix with the higher cost of generation. In the last decade, policymakers have shown considerable interest in deploying renewable energy generally and wind energy particularly. Therefore, this paper evaluates some important drivers and barriers to wind power generation. SWOT-Delphi approach with Relative Importance Index (RII) analysis has been applied. The results show that the deployment of wind power can enhance energy security and environmental sustainability. Major barriers to wind energy are the presence of competitive energy resources, policy implications, and poor grid infrastructure. With this contrasting environment, the evaluation of drivers and barriers of wind power are insightful for formulating sustainable energy planning strategies for future generation mix.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors analyzed the impact of the COVID-19 on the energy sector in Jordan and the steps taken by the Jordanian governments to mitigate the economic and financial impacts that would enhance the resilience of the EH sector.
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 on the energy sector in Jordan. The steps taken by the Jordanian governments to mitigate the economic and financial impacts that would enhance the resilience of the energy sector was considered. Deductive and inductive analysis methods of were used. Such methods aided to systematically consider the economic consequences of the COVID-19. The results of this study showed that the COVID-19 led to a significant decrease in energy consumption, a decline in economic growth, a significant rise in unemployment, an increase in market instability, and a decrease in the financial position of companies. The recommendations concluded that Jordan should begin to change its policies according to the new data, and take Measures to advance the energy sector by reducing fuel consumption and directing investment in energy saving policies and infrastructure equipment in parallel with the population boom in Jordan.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors analyzed the market share and export performance of Indonesian Crude Palm Oil (CPO) to the European Union Market, using time series data (2000- 2020).
Abstract: This study aims to analyze the market share and export performance of Indonesian Crude Palm Oil (CPO) to the European Union Market, using time series data (2000 – 2020). The Market Share Index is used to assess the condition of the Indonesian CPO market in export destination countries when compared to its competitors (Malaysia). Analysis of the performance of CPO products in the European Union market using the Constant Market Share (CMS) approach. The results show that the average growth of Indonesia's export standards to Europe is 0.1526, indicating that Indonesia is able to take advantage of CPO export opportunities. Indonesia has been able to meet CPO product specification standards in importing countries, including the Roundtable Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) certifications as standards for safety and consumer protection. Indonesian CPO is well positioned in Spain (0.000244) and Italy (0.00014), and less well positioned in the Netherlands and Germany. Indonesia does not have good competitiveness against CPO exports in the European Union market, which causes Indonesia to shift the Asian market as the target market for Indonesian CPO.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors analyzed the number of vehicles (daily traffic), the capacity of electricity use, the area of the Bahteramas General Hospital and the areas of the existing green open space.
Abstract: The urban challenge in realizing a green city for the purpose of a sustainable city is air pollution resulting from vehicle emissions (Carbon monoxide/ CO2). Reducing vehicle emissions can be done by providing green open spaces. In Kendari City, a potential area for the development of green open space is the Bahteramas General Hospital. Activities in the area and around the Bahteramas General Hospital in Kendari City are quite high so that they contribute to emissions (CO2). The object of research analysis is the number of vehicles (daily traffic), the capacity of electricity use, the area of the Bahteramas General Hospital and the area of the existing green open space. The results showed that the type of vehicle that contributes high to CO2 is a motorcycle. The use of fuel as a source of emission (CO2) which contributes to premium types of greenhouse gases, diesel and the use of electrical energy. The absorption capacity of the existing green open space has not been able to reduce CO2 emissions, so it is necessary to expand the green open space to control greenhouse gases.