Showing papers in "International Journal of Neutrosophic Science in 2022"
TL;DR: In this paper , the main and sub barriers under Single Valued Neutrosophic Sets (SVNSs) were ranked and identified in this work, including five main barriers and fifteen sub barriers.
Abstract: Technologies of renewable energy (RE) play a vital role in increasing economic growth in many countries and present a solution for many social, ecological, and political problems. Though, RE faces many barriers that prevent its development. So, these barriers are ranked and identified in this work, including five main barriers and fifteen sub barriers. In addition, five strategies are identified and ranked. The first step in this work, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach used to rank main and sub barriers under Single Valued Neutrosophic Sets (SVNSs). Then Neutrosophic Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) approach assessed the five strategies. The outcomes of this work show that Commercial barriers ranked as the highest barriers and social-ecological ranked as the lowest barriers by using the AHP approach. Outcomes by neutrosophic TOPSIS show that capital assistant ranked as the highest strategies and RE goals ranked as the lowest strategies. This work can help decision-makers, governments for building a RE by using these strategies to overcome barriers that faced them.
7 citations
TL;DR: This paper focused on introducing Complex Plithogenic set and its graphs for knowledge discovery and representation tasks with an illustrative example.
Abstract: In the last decade uncertainty analysis in multi-attributes data sets is considered as one of the major issues. Same time another issues arises due to conflict among experts for their multi-valued and its existence. To resolve these issues, the properties of Plithogenic set is somehow considered as helpful for representing the multi-valued attributes and its multiple opposites, non-opposites as well as neutrals values with its contradiction. The problem arises when these values changes at given phase of time. Hence the current paper focused on introducing Complex Plithogenic set and its graphs for knowledge discovery and representation tasks with an illustrative example.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the influence of physical exercise (PE) on the human body is studied. But if PE is not regular, it presents a high risk in humans, and humans are not safe when practices it.
Abstract: The goal of this paper studying the influence of physical exercise (PE) on the human body. Physical exercise plays a vital role in the nervous system and respiratory due it has significant importance. The PE present a benefit in all functions in the body human. But if PE is not regular, it presents a high risk in humans, and humans are not safe when practices it. The impact of PE has many criteria and sub-criteria, which is complex and conflict criteria. So, the multi-criteria decision-making method is present for overcoming this problem. This problem contains incomplete and vague information. So, the neutrosophic sets are used for overcoming uncertainty. The Decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method is a powerful tool for the present the importance and influence criteria on others. So DEMATEL integrated with neutrosophic sets for analyzing and influence regular PE in body human-like nervous systems. An illustrative example was conducted to show the outcome of this method
5 citations
TL;DR: A novel neutrosophic set with adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for liver tumor segmentation and classification (NSANFIS-LTSC) model is designed to identify and classify the presence of liver tumor from medical images.
Abstract: Lung cancer is the abnormal development of cells in the lung causes serious risk to the health since lung has an interconnected system of blood vessel and lymphatic channel exposed to metastasis. The survival rate of lung cancer depends greatly on the earlier diagnosis and staging of the lung cancer. Computed Tomography (CT) image is commonly employed for lung cancer diagnosis since they offer data regarding distinct portions of the lung. The exactness of finding tumor location, volume and shape acting a major role in positive treatment and diagnosis of tumor. This article designs a novel neutrosophic set with adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for liver tumor segmentation and classification (NSANFIS-LTSC) model. The presented NSANFIS-LTSC model aims to identify and classify the presence of liver tumor from medical images. The presented NSANFIS-LTSC model primarily undergoes pre-processing to eradicate the noise. Followed by, the neutrosophic set (NS) based segmentation is applied to identify the affected tumor regions in the CT images. Besides, DenseNet-169 model is utilized to create feature vectors and dragonfly algorithm (DFA) is applied to tune the hyper parameters of the DenseNet-169 model. Finally, ANFIS classifier is exploited for the occurrence and classification of liver tumor. The simulation analysis of the NSANFIS-LTSC model is experimented using benchmark dataset and the results are investigated under several aspects. The simulation outcome reported the betterment of the NSANFIS-LTSC model over the recent methodologies.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , it was shown that neutrosophic probability is more general than interval statistics, since it can deal with all types of indeterminacies (with respect to the data, inferential procedures, probability distributions, graphical representations, etc.).
Abstract: In this paper, we prove that Neutrosophic Statistics is more general than Interval Statistics, since it may deal with all types of indeterminacies (with respect to the data, inferential procedures, probability distributions, graphical representations, etc.), it allows the reduction of indeterminacy, and it uses the neutrosophic probability that is more general than imprecise and classical probabilities and has more detailed corresponding probability density functions. While Interval Statistics only deals with indeterminacy that can be represented by intervals. And we respond to the arguments by Woodall et al. [1]. We show that not all indeterminacies (uncertainties) may be represented by intervals. Also, in some cases, we should better use hesitant sets (that have less indeterminacy) instead of intervals. We redirect the authors to the Plithogenic Probability and Plithogenic Statistics which are the most general forms of MultiVariate Probability and Multivariate Statistics respectively (including, of course, the Imprecise Probability and Interval Statistics as subclasses).
4 citations
TL;DR: The work demonstrates how well neutrosophic segmentation can segment images having different noise levels as well as clean images, and shows that the proposed algorithm yields the most accurate segmented image for feature extraction which can be utilized while designing effective information systems.
Abstract: Information explosion in this era has led to the proliferation of digital data in form of images, text, video, and audio. Uncertainty is a major issue in information access and retrieval models, and incomplete information needs to be treated in information systems because imprecision indicates the existence of a value that cannot be measured. There is no denial of the fact that uncertainty puts a hindrance in obtaining information in real-time systems, and as per knowledge rarely does any study of information retrieval using image segmentation treat imprecise and inconsistent information inherited in information systems. This work proposes to transform images in the neutrosophic domain for the treatment of uncertainty that persists in information recovery. Later, the image is segmented using the neutrosophic segmentation algorithm and its results are compared with the Modified Fuzzy c-Means segmentation algorithm, which is the earlier used segmentation algorithm in information systems. The experiment is conducted on a variety of multimodal images from the Berkeley Segmentation Dataset and Benchmark, showing the effectiveness of the proposed method for information systems. The proposed image segmentation using neutrosophy seems to yield a smaller error of 0.011, but the error obtained using the fuzzy c-means (MFCM) method is 0.13, which is larger than the proposed approach. The work also demonstrates how well neutrosophic segmentation can segment images having different noise levels as well as clean images. The results show that the proposed algorithm yields the most accurate segmented image for feature extraction which can be utilized while designing effective information systems.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a study about static inventory models with a deficit for one material based on neutrosophic logic is conducted, which takes into consideration the indeterminate states and hence it provides more precise results, thus, it gives institutions a stable work environment with the least costs.
Abstract: In this article, when the inability to manage inventory is allowed in exchange for certain fines, managers can then allow the remaining stock to run out and accumulation the orders until compensation is reinstated. The idea depends on the amount of stock deficit, which could be small in comparison to the storage cost. This refers to inventory models with deficits and is used to store damageable material. In order to manage these models, deficit costs should pair with storage costs by applying a mathematical model that illustrates the state in which deficit occurs by satisfying a requirement for one item. All that follows the principles of static modelling with a deficit and the ideal solution would be the most appropriate. We know that the ideal amount depends on the inventory demands. In the classical logic, we define the required storage amounts by the inventory cycle which has a constant value during the inventory cycle; however, that logic overlooks the fluctuation of inventory demands in reality. Therefore, this manuscript conducts a study about static inventory models with a deficit for one material based on neutrosophic logic, which takes into consideration the indeterminate states and hence it provides more precise results, thus, it gives institutions a stable work environment with the least costs.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a multi-inventory with limited size model is presented to understand the relationships between the main variables, and examine the inventory's behavior in a very broad range of scenarios.
Abstract: In this paper, we present a multi-inventory with limited size model to clarify the basic idea of multi-inventory systems in order to understand the relationships between the main variables, and examine the inventory’s behaviour in a very broad range. In addition to the obvious applications in physical warehouses (such as electrical equipment, supplies, raw materials used in manufacturing, etc.), there are less predictable cases in which the multi-inventory model can be used. Such a model can be applied on the number of engineers and employees in a company, also on the number of students and professors in a university, as they constitute the processes of demand, hiring, and laying off which are types of compensation. Moreover, it may be useful at times not to look at physical goods as inventory as the prior examples are both types of inventory based on the space occupied as the available space can accommodate stored materials and is considered an inventory that must be compensated when depleted. The previous examples, in addition to many others, can be classified as inventory problems indicating the abundance of inventory models application, and the possibility of benefiting from the study of inventory theory in terms of clarifying the internal structure of the systems. In this study, we used the Neutrosophic logic to solve the problem of multi-inventory and limited size, depending on the fact that the optimal volume of materials to be stored is affected by the rate of demand for inventory. Moreover, this study is considered an expansion of one of the known classical inventory models that depend on finite data and that is done by assigning a constant value to the inventory demand rate over the storage cycle time period, which does not correspond with the realistic application. The limited application of classical inventory models was the motivating factor for this study as it deals with all data, whether specified or not in the inventory management process. Moreover, it takes into account all cases that the demand for inventory can go through, ranging from the cessation of demand for some stored materials to demand that exceeds the values provided by the real study. Through this study, we developed mathematical relationships that we used to determine the necessary quantities of each of the materials to be stored based on the rate of demand and provide us with results that are more accurate. These results that can be utilized to store many materials in appropriate quantities and available volume, ensure that there is no shortage during the storage cycle period, and enables us to calculate all the necessary costs, which will achieve great profits.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the mapping of complex interval neutrosophic soft sets (MI-CNSSs) is introduced, and the properties of the images and inverse images of the complex interval soft sets and their properties are explored.
Abstract: The neutrosophic idea is a fertile environment adaptable to different mathematical tools. This paper aims to introduce the mapping of complex interval neutrosophic soft sets (MI-CNSSs). Further, the images and inverse images of complex interval neutrosophic soft sets and their properties are explored. These will be supported by concrete examples, and this paper will present some theorems about complex interval neutrosophic soft images and inverse images.
2 citations
TL;DR: A study to solve the linear model using the simplex method in which the variables and their coefficients are indeterminate values, and it is explained the effected of the ind determinate values on the optimal solution of the mathematical model.
Abstract: Mathematical programming has the ability to express competency concepts in a well-defined mathematical model for a particular situation or system, and the ability to derive computational methods to solve this mathematical model, it is also a mathematical tool that allows us to model, analyze and solve a wide range of problems concerned with allocating rare resources of labor, materials, machinery, and capitals. Consequently, using them in the best attainable way in order to minimize costs or maximize profits. In such issues, the linear programming is one of the most widely used types of mathematical programming because it is a method that helps to make good decisions and decide the best program for independent activities, taking into account the available sources. It does not take in consideration the continuous and rapid changes and the state of instability in data. So, this manuscript studies one of the methods to solve linear models, which is the simplex method using the neutrosophic theory that covers all the data in analysing, whether specific or not, determined or not, having consistency or not, as well as it deeming all occurring changes. However, the optimal solution is related to the variables in the objective function, which in turn are affected by the fixed quantities that express the available possibilities. This article presents a study to solve the linear model using the simplex method in which the variables and their coefficients are indeterminate values, and we will explain the effected of the indeterminate values on the optimal solution of the mathematical model. The product mixture problem has been presented as case study to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.
2 citations
TL;DR: This paper proposed five main criteria and seventeen sub-criteria to show user interest in the network and the Analytical Hierarchal Process (AHP) is used to show weights of criteria and sub-Criteria to present the user interestIn the network.
Abstract: These days’ user interests have become more critical for companies and firms to introduce their content due to the growth in networks and the internet. So this method used neutrosophic sets for network user interest. In this paper, we proposed five main criteria and seventeen sub-criteria to show user interest in the network. The multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method is used to deal with various criteria and sub-criteria. So the Analytical Hierarchal Process (AHP) is used to show weights of criteria and sub-criteria to present the user interest in the network. An illustrative example provides to show calculations of the proposed method.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors further contribute and promote topological structures via bipolar hypersoft (BHS) setting by introducing new types of maps called BHS continuous, BHS open, BH closed, and BHS homeomorphism maps.
Abstract: Herein, we further contribute and promote topological structures via bipolar hypersoft (BHS) setting by introducing new types of maps called BHS continuous, BHS open, BHS closed, and BHS homeomorphism maps. We investigate their characterizations and establish their main properties. By providing a thorough picture of the proposed maps, we investigate the concept of BHS compact space and obtain several results relating to this concept. We point out that BH compactness preserved under BH continuous map. The relationships among these concepts with their counterparts in hypersoft (HS) structures are discussed.
TL;DR: This study is focused on determining thelevel of integration of Blockchain technology in the health sector, and the level of acceptance and contradiction in the adoption of the newTechnology in the community through the application of the neutrosophic Iadov method.
Abstract: According to experts, the blockchain is very suitable for supply chains, as it streamlines processes and reduces their complexity. Both the pharmaceutical and health sectors can take advantage of their potential since, having different intermediaries, processes can become inefficient on many occasions. Blockchain contributes to bringing order and automation. The pharmaceutical sector has been one of the ones that have obtained the most advantages from this technology. Getting a drug out of the box is a long and expensive process that can take a long time between studies and clinical trials and all the regulations. However, if it is possible to gather all the information needed to complete the process of bringing a new drug to light so that it is available immediately and with all the safety guarantees and improve its management, speed up the process. Therefore, blockchain is the most appropriate technology, although the ability to government bodies to recognize the network's benefits is hampered. This study is focused on determining the level of integration of Blockchain technology in the health sector, and the level of acceptance and contradiction in the adoption of the new technology in the community through the application of the neutrosophic Iadov method.
TL;DR: This study combines the traditional K-Means technique with Neutrosophy, which accounts for the uncertainty inherent in such complicated data sets by factoring in the data's diversity and its inherent volatility as a result of proximity between the bounds of the separate segments as well as the members who make up each.
Abstract: Markets may be broken down into subsets with the use of cluster analysis. Multivariate analytic methods are often used in traditional research. Due to their success in engineering, artificial neural systems have recently found use in business as well. When it comes to grouping observations with comparable traits or attributes, the K-means method is a common choice. It has various uses in marketing, but it finds particular success in cluster analyses of customer behavior. Several commercial packages include implementations of the K-means algorithm. Data mining statistical approaches like K-Means are useful for handling this data and analyzing it later on. For better results, this study combines the traditional K-Means technique with Neutrosophy, which accounts for the uncertainty inherent in such complicated data sets by factoring in the data's diversity and its inherent volatility as a result of proximity between the bounds of the separate segments as well as the members who make up each.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigate a unique quadratic function and a unique additive quadrastic function of the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for the functional equation which is said to be a functional equation associated with inner products space.
Abstract: In Neutrosophic Normed spaces, we investigate a unique quadratic function and a unique additive quadratic function of the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability for the functional equation which is said to be a functional equation associated with inner products space.
TL;DR: Neutrosophic differential equation is proposed and solved using bipolar trapezoidal neutrosophIC number and applied the concept in predicting bacterial reproduction over separate bodies with graphical representation using MATLAB.
Abstract: Neutrosophic set plays a vital role in dealing with indeterminacy in real-world problems. Differential equations represent the relation between a function and its derivatives and its applications have importance in both pedagogical and real life. In this paper, neutrosophic differential equation is proposed and solved using bipolar trapezoidal neutrosophic number and applied the concept in predicting bacterial reproduction over separate bodies with graphical representation using MATLAB. Also, comparative analysis is done with the existing method to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
TL;DR: In this paper , a methodology using multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) was presented to identify the most vital aspects to consider while dealing with ambiguous rules, a unique method that integrates MCDM techniques was created to address ambiguity and bring the problem-solving process closer to reality.
Abstract: The Indonesian rolling stock maker's target market and business strategy are analyzed here—the study's planning, data, and technique. To achieve sustainable growth across the board in the power generating industry, we concentrate on understanding the critical variables driving sustainable development in a market context unlike before. To identify the most vital aspects to consider while dealing with ambiguous rules, a methodology using Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) was presented. To address ambiguity and bring the problem-solving process closer to reality, we created a unique method that integrates MCDM techniques. Analytical Hierarchy Process AHP was employed in this investigation. To zero in on our ideal clientele, we turned to the AHP technique. This strategy considers quantitative aspects such as market characteristics and degree of competition when making decisions. The results indicate that rolling stock manufacturers have good reason to invest in expanding their share of these markets. However, despite the many prospects available in this field, the rolling stock producer faces a significant obstacle: the inability to adequately fund the pursuit of a more considerable portion of the market
TL;DR: In this paper , a new multi-criteria water resource management approach was created in order to determine agricultural water resources, and the neutrosophic TOPSIS environment was taken into account in this decision-making dilemma.
Abstract: Potential mechanisms for dealing with water resources are provided by water resource management (WRM). To determine agricultural water resources, a new multi-criteria water resource management approach was created in this work. The management of agricultural water resources has become a major issue in the current circumstances. To create this circumstance, a multi-criteria approach is required. We were able to address a real-world water resource management issue using the suggested multi-criteria decision-making technique. The neutrosophic TOPSIS environment has been taken into account in this decision-making dilemma. Summertime water demand is high, and towards the end of summer, when monsoon season arrives, water demand is low in the agricultural field. During the monsoon season, it is not uncommon for rain to fall just in parts. In agriculture, growing crops during the monsoon season was difficult at the time. As a result, the nature of the water shortage in this area is non-linear and unclear. Because of this, we suggested an MCDM technique for WRM issues in a neutrosophic TOPSIS -environment context.
TL;DR: The definition of a generalized neutrosophic soft set is described and the concepts of GNSS operations, such as AND, OR, complement, intersection, and union, are focused on.
Abstract: To manage issues with incompleteness, indeterminacy, and awareness of inconsistent information, Maji presented the idea of a neutrosophic soft set by merging the ideas of a neutrosophic set and a soft set. The generalized neutrosophic soft set (GNSS) is an extension of this idea, which has now been developed further. At the beginning of this paper, we describe the definition of a generalized neutrosophic soft set. Then, we focus on the concepts of GNSS operations, such as AND, OR, complement, intersection, and union, and provide illustrated examples to describe a number of associated properties. Finally, a description of an algorithm and an application that uses GNSS to address challenges that arise when making decisions that need the experience of more than one specialist is offered here.
TL;DR: The calculated new entropy and its associated distance measures give consistent finding with the existing entropy weight measures, however, all the values are even smaller showing that the relation between patient A and disease are stronger.
Abstract: This study aims to propose a new entropy weight on the distance measure of single value neutrosophic set (SVNS) to analyse medical diagnosis patient’s risk. Four distance measures will be integrated with three entropy weight concepts and applied to medical diagnosis. A new entropy weight measure integrated with the four distance measures are calculated using the medical data of one patient with five symptoms and five diseases. The calculated new entropy and its associated distance measures give consistent finding with the existing entropy weight measures. However, all the values are even smaller showing that the relation between patient A and disease are stronger. This evaluation and diagnosis approach is applicable to a wide variety of other resources and medical problems.
TL;DR: A new type of fuzzy Neutrosophic set called n-CyFNS is introduced, with I as independent neutrosophics component, which can be claimed as the largest extension of fuzzy sets.
Abstract: In this paper, we introduce a new type of fuzzy Neutrosophic set called n-Cylindrical fuzzy Neutrosophic set (n-CyFNS), with I as independent neutrosophic component. The n-CyFNS can be claimed as the largest extension of fuzzy sets. In n-CyFNS, the degree of positive, neutral and negative membership functions are satisfying the condition, 0≤ βA(x) ≤1 and 0≤ αA n(x) + γAn(x) ≤ 1, 1, is an integer. Also the distance between two n- CyFNS and its properties are also defined. Along with basic operations on n- CyFNSs, we put forward two concepts-Neutrosophic affinity degree Neutrosophic similarity index which is used to compare and correlate n-CyFNSs respectively. A comparison is made in the n-CyFNS environment using the existing correlation measures to check its reliability.
TL;DR: The processing using neutrosophic methods allowed obtaining the best alternative to fight against COVID-19, and offers many benefits in the analysis of neutralities to the study of indeterminacies in the field of Medicine.
Abstract: The current COVID-19 pandemic represents a danger for which efforts have been joined to find an effective treatment. This pandemic has evolved so quickly that new data emerge daily on the number of sick and fatal cases. As of September 2021, more than 180 countries with positive COVID-19 cases have been notified to the World Health Organization, including 228,807,631 confirmed cases, including 4,697,099 deaths. So far, the Americas region is the most affected with a total of 88,207,746 confirmed cases, and during this period, Ecuador has reported 246 new infections on average each day, for a total of 507,003 infections and 32,661 deaths. To date, dissimilar methods and treatments have been used to mitigate its effects. However, no effective treatment option has been found against it, generating uncertainty, social panic, and impacts on the population's mental health as a result of the fear of infection and death. That is why the present work focuses on analyzing and determining the alternatives for the control of detection of the pandemic, through the processing of the neutrosophic TOPSIS method. It offers many benefits in the analysis of neutralities to the study of indeterminacies in the field of Medicine. The processing using neutrosophic methods allowed obtaining the best alternative to fight against COVID-19.
TL;DR: Using correlation coefficients between two single-valued neutrosophic numbers allowed the selection of a therapeutic alternative according to the experts' evaluations to verify the usefulness of neutrosophy as a means for solving complex real-life problems through the incorporation of uncertainties.
Abstract: Among the main techniques described in the literature for treating gingival melanosis are the use of chemical agents, free gingival grafts, abrasion with rotary or manual instruments (scalpel), cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen, gingivectomy and gingivoplasty, and the use of lasers. The present study implements a selective evaluation of therapeutic alternatives for gingival hyperpigmentation through the use of neutrosophic correlation coefficients. For this, a bibliographic review was carried out on the specialized documentary base to determine the main treatments in the matter of the object of study and the logic of neutrosophic sets, and the evaluation of experts. Using correlation coefficients between two single-valued neutrosophic numbers allowed the selection of a therapeutic alternative according to the experts' evaluations. This work allowed to verify the usefulness of neutrosophy as a means for solving complex real-life problems through the incorporation of uncertainties.
TL;DR: In this paper , the difference among non-Euclidean, anti-geometry, and NeutroGeoemtry data sets is addressed, while partial negation of Euclidean Geometry, full negation or Hybrid mode.
Abstract: Recently, a problem is addressed about dealing the difference among Non-Euclidean, AntiGeometry and NeutroGeoemtry data sets. The problem arises while partial negation of Euclidean Geometry, full negation of Euclidean or Hybrid mode. In case of undefined geometry also many researchers raised the questions. To tackle this issue, the current paper provides some examples for Non-Euclidean, AntiGeometry, and Neutrogemoetry for better understanding.
TL;DR: The mathematical operations of convergence, association, supplement, arithmetical total, logarithmic item, scalar increase, and exponentiation are the main topics of as discussed by the authors .
Abstract: The mathematical operations of convergence, association, supplement, arithmetical total, logarithmic item, scalar increase, and exponentiation are the main topics of this article. We show certain important logarithmic features of idempotency, commutativity, associativity, retention, distributivity, and De Morgan’s laws over the addition of Neutrosophic fuzzy sets. We also outline new fixations and NFS widening and show some concepts in action. Last but not least, we define a further operation (@)on Neutrosophic fuzzy sets and investigate distributive laws for the case where the responsibilities of ⊕, ⊗, ∪, and ∩ are combined.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors generalized the Two Way ANOVA to neutrosophic two-way ANOVA with the form N=D+I and introduced an algotithm to calculate fisher test statistics.
Abstract: In this paper, well-known two way analysis of variance (Two Way ANOVA) is generalized to neutrosophic two way ANOVA dealing with neutrosophic data of the form N=D+I. Neutrosophic two way anova is a neutrosophic linear model test wheteher there is a significant difference between different treatments and whether there is a significant difference between different sectors keeping the type I error low. An algotithm is introduced to calculate fisher test statistics when we have neutrosophic data and we are testing two hypothesizes, first is to test differences between treatments and second is to test differences between sectors.
TL;DR: In this article , a study was carried out on those applied factors that have contributed to guaranteeing the quality of the teaching-learning process in medical schools in Ecuador, and it was concluded that the highest level of impact has been made possible by the combination of the correct use of Information and Communication Technologies with adequate teacher training.
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the presence of students in the classroom, especially in medical schools where the practice is essential to gain skills. Virtual teaching or e-learning has emerged as the answer to that problem in this environment. Despite its many advantages, this process has faced different problems that have been overcome thanks to success factors. Considering the need to search for quality in medical schools in Ecuador, a study was carried out on those applied factors that have contributed to guaranteeing the quality of the teaching-learning process. That is the main objective of this research, supported by the bibliographic search and Plithogeny. It can be concluded that the highest level of impact has been made possible by the combination of the correct use of Information and Communication Technologies with adequate teacher training.
TL;DR: This study will look into linear models and their kinds in view of neutrosophic logic, which takes into account all of the data andall of the changes that may occur in the issue under investigation, as well as the uncertainty that is encountered in the problem's data.
Abstract: Operations research often shortened to the initialism O.R., is a discipline that deals with the development and application of advanced analytical methods to improve decision-making. It is sometimes considered to be a subfield of mathematical sciences. The term management science is occasionally used as a synonym. It has the ability to express the concepts of efficiency and scarcity in a well-defined mathematical model for a specific issue. It has the ability to use scientific methods to solve complex problems in managing large scale systems for factories, institutions, and companies, and enables them to make optimal scientific decisions for the functioning of Its work. Employing techniques from other mathematical sciences, such as modelling, statistics, and optimization, operations research arrives at optimal or near-optimal solutions to complex decision-making problems. Because of its emphasis on practical applications, operations research has overlapped with many other disciplines, notably industrial engineering. Operations research is often concerned with determining the extreme values of some real-world objective: the maximum (of profit, performance, or yield) or minimum (of loss, risk, or cost). Originating in military efforts before World War II, its techniques have grown to concern problems in a variety of industries. The mathematical model is the simplified image of expressing a practical system from a real life problem or an idea put forward for an executable system, as the mathematical models consist of a goal function through which we search for the maximum or minimum value subject to restrictions. Linear mathematical programming is one of the most important topics in the field of operations research due to their frequent use in most areas of life. When studying linear programming, the first step is to identify the various types of linear models and how to transition from one to the next. We realize that the ideal solution of the linear model is influenced by the coefficients of the variables of objective function that describes a profit if the model is a maximizing model or represents a cost if the model is a minimization model, which is affected by environmental conditions. The fixed values that represent the right side of the inequalities (constraints), which express the available capital, time, raw resources, and so on, have an impact on the optimum solution. They are also affected by environmental conditions. We used to take these values as fixed values in classical logic, which does not correspond to reality and leads to erroneous solutions to the problems described by the linear model. As a result, it was essential to reformulate the classical linear models' problems, taking into consideration all probable scenarios and changes in the work environment. In this study, we will look into linear models and their kinds in view of neutrosophic logic, which takes into account all of the data and all of the changes that may occur in the issue under investigation, as well as the uncertainty that is encountered in the problem's data. We'll also look at it if the coefficients of the variables in the objective function are neutrosophic values, and the accessible options are neutrosophic values because we'll reformulate the existing linear mathematical models using neutrosophic logic, and show how to convert from one to another using some examples.
TL;DR: It is shown that the particular choose of exactly seven neutrosophic logical values has an interesting interpretation in terms of ancient Jaina logic (which has been developed centuries ago in India to deal with imprecise knowledge and the matter of paraconsistency).
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to introduce the concept of heptapartitioned neutrosophic soft set and to study some of its basic properties. This kind of set can be considered as a significant extension of the idea of neutrosophic set. In general, our research is based on the earlier study presented by Radha and Stanis Arul Mary in 2021. However, we combine their initial definition with the inspiring notion of soft set (which has been established by Molodtsov in 1999). We examine algebraic operations on our sets. Then we show that the particular choose of exactly seven neutrosophic logical values has an interesting interpretation in terms of ancient Jaina logic (which has been developed centuries ago in India to deal with imprecise knowledge and the matter of paraconsistency). Moreover, we exhibit some other potential practical applications of our theoretical concept. For example, it can be applied in widely understood social sciences.
TL;DR: In this article , a mathematical model has been developed that expresses the circumstance in which a safety reserve is necessary to meet market material demand, and the optimal answer for this model is the required solution.
Abstract: Institutions must store materials to ensure the continuity of their activity and to avoid incurring big losses as a result of the storage process, various models have been studied that cover all scenarios in which stock insurance is required to allow institutions to continue operating while avoiding losses. The static model with safety reserve is one of these models, and it is used in emergency and ambulance circumstances to transport medicines, food, and fuel, etc. Those in charge of any project must estimate the quantities that will need to be stored in order to ensure that the necessary materials are available and that storage costs are minimized. As a result, a mathematical model has been developed that expresses the circumstance in which a safety reserve is necessary to meet market material demand, and the optimal answer for this model is the required solution. This model is treated in classical logic by adding the amount of the safety reserve to the ideal quantity determined through the static model without a deficit, and this quantity is a fixed amount during each storage cycle over time, which does not correspond to reality and ignores cases of fluctuations demand in the rate of demand for inventory .In this study, three scenarios were used to construct a study for the static stock model with safety reserves and for one substance utilizing neutrosophic theory through three different cases. The First Case: Using the optimal amount of stock that determined by studying the static model with a deficit using neutrosophic logic , while assuming the safety reserve as a vague value, either or . The Second Case: Taking the ideal value of stock that was previously determined by studying the static model with deficient using neutrosophic logic , wherein regard the safety reserve as constant value. The third Case: Taking the optimal value of stock that determined by studying the static model with deficient using classical logic, and assuming the safety reserve as a vague value, either or . In other words, we approached the problem using neutrosophic tools, which accounts for all possible scenarios that may arise throughout the course of the job, yields more accurate results, and so ensures a safe working environment for the facilities at the lowest possible cost.