Showing papers in "Journal of Southern History in 1997"
TL;DR: Cutter et al. as discussed by the authors examined the political motivations inherent in the origins and maintenance of identity categories and boundaries, and examined issues of power and privilege and ways in which passing might challenge the often rigid structures of identity politics.
Abstract: Passing refers to the process whereby a person of one race, gender, nationality, or sexual orientation adopts the guise of another. Historically, this has often involved black slaves passing as white in order to gain their freedom. More generally, it has served as a way for women and people of color to access male or white privilege. In their examination of this practice of crossing boundaries, the contributors to this volume offer a unique perspective for studying the construction and meaning of personal and cultural identities.
These essays consider a wide range of texts and moments from colonial times to the present that raise significant questions about the political motivations inherent in the origins and maintenance of identity categories and boundaries. Through discussions of such literary works as Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom, The Autobiography of an Ex–Coloured Man , Uncle Tom’s Cabin , The Hidden Hand , Black Like Me , and Giovanni’s Room , the authors examine issues of power and privilege and ways in which passing might challenge the often rigid structures of identity politics. Their interrogation of the semiotics of behavior, dress, language, and the body itself contributes significantly to an understanding of national, racial, gender, and sexual identity in American literature and culture.
Contextualizing and building on the theoretical work of such scholars as Judith Butler, Diana Fuss, Marjorie Garber, and Henry Louis Gates Jr., Passing and the Fictions of Identity will be of value to students and scholars working in the areas of race, gender, and identity theory, as well as U.S. history and literature.
Contributors . Martha Cutter, Katharine Nicholson Ings, Samira Kawash, Adrian Piper, Valerie Rohy, Marion Rust, Julia Stern, Gayle Wald, Ellen M. Weinauer, Elizabeth Young
266 citations
TL;DR: Burdys Bend Unlovable Land Soul Searching Miss Pearls Purse Clydes Dilemma Holding Hands Mothers Day Election Day as discussed by the authors and the first day of the election.
Abstract: Burdys Bend Unlovable Land Soul Searching Miss Pearls Purse Clydes Dilemma Holding Hands Mothers Day Election Day.
181 citations
TL;DR: The authors argue that gender concepts and constructions deeply influenced the beliefs underpinning both the Confederacy and its vestiges to which white southerners clung for decades after its defeat.
Abstract: Argues that gender concepts and constructions deeply influenced the beliefs underpinning both the Confederacy and its vestiges to which white southerners clung for decades after its defeat. The book focuses on the effects of the conflict on the South's gender hierarchy.
110 citations
TL;DR: The Ascent of Chiefs: Cahokia and Mississippian politics in Native North America as discussed by the authors is a collection of essays that casts new light on the remarkable accomplishments of Cahokia.
Abstract: About one thousand years ago, Native Americans built hundreds of earthen platform mounds, plazas, residential areas, and other types of monuments in the vicinity of present-day St. Louis. This sprawling complex, known to archaeologists as Cahokia, was the dominant cultural, ceremonial, and trade centre north of Mexico for centuries. This stimulating collection of essays casts new light on the remarkable accomplishments of Cahokia. Timothy R. Pauketat, an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, is the author of "The Ascent of Chiefs: Cahokia and Mississippian politics in Native North America". Thomas E. Emerson is director of the Illinois Transportation Archaeological Research Program and an adjunct professor at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. He is coeditor of "Late Woodland societies: tradition and transformation across the Midcontinent"
67 citations
61 citations
TL;DR: Masud-Piloto as mentioned in this paper extended the discussion with an examination of the Bush and Clinton administrations' responses to recent events in Cuba and analyzed its political dynamics and unique character.
Abstract: Cuban migration to the United States has altered the face of American politics and demographics. The only scholarly study available of this Cuban migration, this book analyzes its political dynamics and unique character. In this revised and expanded edition of With Open Arms (1988), Masud-Piloto extends the discussion with an examination of the Bush and Clinton administrations' responses to recent events in Cuba.
53 citations
44 citations
44 citations
TL;DR: The Montgomery bus boycott was a formative moment in twentieth-century history: a harbinger of the African American freedom movement, a springboard for the leadership of Martin Luther King Jr., and a crucial step in the struggle to realize the American dream of liberty and equality for all.
Abstract: The Montgomery bus boycott was a formative moment in twentieth-century history: a harbinger of the African American freedom movement, a springboard for the leadership of Martin Luther King Jr., and a crucial step in the struggle to realize the American dream of liberty and equality for all. In Daybreak of Freedom , Stewart Burns presents a groundbreaking documentary history of the boycott. Using an extraordinary array of more than one hundred original documents, he crafts a compelling and comprehensive account of this celebrated year-long protest of racial segregation. Daybreak of Freedom reverberates with the voices of those closest to the bus boycott, ranging from King and his inner circle, to Jo Ann Robinson and other women leaders who started the protest, to the maids, cooks, and other 'foot soldiers' who carried out the struggle. With a deft narrative hand and editorial touch, Burns weaves their testimony into a riveting story that shows how events in Montgomery pushed the entire nation to keep faith with its stated principles. |Burns presents a groundbreaking documentary history of the Montgomery bus boycott. The book reverberates with the voices of those closest to the protest, ranging from Martin Luther King Jr. and his inner circle, to Jo Ann Robinson and other women leaders who started the protest, to the maids, cooks, and other "foot soldiers" who carried out the struggle. With a deft narrative hand and editorial touch, Burns weaves their testimony into a riveting story that shows how events in Montgomery pushed the entire nation to keep faith with its stated principles.
39 citations
TL;DR: Griffin et al. as discussed by the authors discuss the persistent image of the South as a people and place at odds with mainstream American ideals and values and show that although the nation has sought, time and again, to change the region, America also has used the South to expose and modify some of its own darker impulses.
Abstract: How do southerners feel about the ways in which the rest of the country regards them? In this volume, twelve observers of the modern South discuss its persistent image as a people and place at odds with mainstream American ideals and values. Ranging from the South's climate to its religious fundamentalism to its great outpouring of fiction and autobiography, the contributors show how and why our perceptions of the region have been continually refashioned by national/southern tensions, trends, and events. At the same time, they show that although the nation has sought, time and again, to change the region, America also has used the South to expose and modify some of its own darker impulses. As editors Larry J. Griffin and Don H. Doyle point out, no single approach could clarify the complexities underlying this persistent notion of a "Problem South." Representing a diversity of backgrounds and interests, the writings in this volume are the products of strong and independent minds that cut across disciplines, disagree among themselves, blend contemporary and historical insights, and confront conventional wisdom and expedient generalities. Filled with fresh insights into the dynamics of the region's long-troubled relationship with the rest of the nation, this volume allows us all to view the current state and future course of the South, as well as its link to the broader culture and polity, in a new light.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the roots of a policy are discussed and the limits of hard war are discussed, with Gestures of mercy, pillars of fire, and Emancipation as the touchstone of war.
Abstract: Introduction 1. The roots of a policy 2. Conciliation and its challenges 3. Early occupations 4. Conciliation abandoned 5. War in earnest 6. Emancipation: touchstone of hard war 7. From pragmatism to hard war 8. The limits of hard war 9. Gestures of mercy, pillars of fire.
TL;DR: Votes for Women! as mentioned in this paper is a collection of essays and primary documents from the late nineteenth and early twenty-first century that brings into sharp focus the suffrage battles of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Abstract: A unique collection of scholarly essays and primary documents, Votes for Women! brings into sharp focus the suffrage battles of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Not only does the book examine the struggle at the national level but it looks in depth at how the drama played out in the South and in Tennessee, which in 1920 became the pivotal thirty-sixth state to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment - thereby making woman suffrage the law of the land.
TL;DR: Hankins as mentioned in this paper traces the life of J. Frank Norris from his boyhood in small-town Texas to his death in 1952 and reveals a remarkable man who helped shape the current American religious landscape while outdoing the likes of Jimmy Swaggart and Jim Bakker as God's rascal.
Abstract: Colorful and outrageous, influential yet despicable, J. Frank Norris was a preacher, newspaper publisher, political activist, and all-around subject of controversy. One of the most despised men in traditional Southern Baptist circles, he was also the man most responsible for bringing hard-edged fundamentalism to the South. The life of this religious rapscallion makes 1990s televangelists seem like naughty toddlers. In God's Rascal, Barry Hankins traces Norris, the Texas Cyclone, from his boyhood in small-town Texas to his death in 1952. Along the way Norris pastored two of the largest churches in America simultaneously, one in Fort Worth and the other in Detroit, together comprising 25,000 members. Among other escapades, he once shot and killed a man in his church office and was accused of burning down his own church for insurance money. Despite such scandals, Norris was a man of considerable public influence who traveled the world, corresponded with congressmen, and attended the inauguration of Herbert Hoover at the president-elect's invitation. Throughout his preaching career he battled anyone and everyone he saw as part of the leftist conspiracy to foist liberalism and immorality on America. His list of evils included evolution, liquor, Catholicism, communism, and organized labor. Hated by moderate Southern Baptist leaders, Norris nevertheless had a larger following than any other American preacher of his time. His thousands of constituents saw him as their spokesman against big government and bigger religion. While recounting Norris's life, Hankins discusses the early history of fundamentalism as well as the social and cultural battles Americans fought during the first half of thetwentieth century. This account reveals a remarkable man who helped shape the current American religious landscape while outdoing the likes of Jimmy Swaggart and Jim Bakker as God's rascal.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed U.S. mortality trends by race from 1730 to 1900 using race-specific mortality data from northern and southern cities, and analyzed factors contributing to these reported racial differences including housing diet medical care economics as well as epidemiological and hereditary differences.
Abstract: The author analyzes U.S. mortality trends by race from 1730 to 1900 "using race-specific mortality data from northern and southern cities. [The article] begins with a description of differential mortality over latitude then considers time--over seasons years and decades. The bulk of the article analyzes factors contributing to these reported racial differences including housing diet medical care economics as well as epidemiological and hereditary differences. The article concludes by weighing the contribution of health in the formation of the nations regionally `split personality." (EXCERPT)
TL;DR: In this article, the initial relief institutional framework is described, followed by a year of cooperative transition and a new organizational environment, and then a new relief archaeology: practice and political consolidation.
Abstract: Political institutions and prelude to the New Deal, 1915 -1932 -- Civil works administration: the initial relief institutional framework -- Federal emergency relief administration: a year of cooperative transition -- Works progress administration: a new organizational environment -- Relief archaeology: practice and political consolidation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the early stages of the Overland Campaign of the American Civil War, including the preparation of the Army of the Potomac and the opening of the Wilderness Campaign.
Abstract: Escaping the Shadow of Gettysburg - Richard S. Ewell and Ambrose Powell Hill at the Wilderness, Peter S. Carmichael Our Hearts Are Full of Hope - the Army of Northern Virginia in the Spring of 1864, Gary W. Gallagher I Dread the Spring - the Army of the Potomac Prepares for the Overland Campaign, John J. Hennessy Like a Duck on a June Bug - James Longstreet's Flank Attack, May 6, 1864, Robert E.L. Krick "Lee to the Rear", the Texans Cried, Robert K. Krick The Other Grant - Lewis A. Grant and the Vermont Brigade in the Battle of the Wilderness, Carol Reardon Union Cavalry in the Wilderness - the Education of Philip H. Sheridan and James H. Wilson, Gordon C. Rhea Great Expectations - Ulysses S. Grant, the Northern Press and the Opening of the Wilderness Campaign, Brooks D. Simpson.
TL;DR: Wakelyn as mentioned in this paper collected twenty representative examples of this long-overlooked literature and annotated them to reveal a wealth of information about the South's political thought and self-identity at a defining moment in American history.
Abstract: The election of Abraham Lincoln as president in 1860 initiated a heated debate throughout the South about what Republican control of the federal government would mean for the slaveholding states. During the secession crisis of the winter of 1860-61, Southerners spoke out and wrote prolifically on the subject, publishing their views in pamphlets that circulated widely. These tracts constituted a regional propaganda war in which Southerners vigorously debated how best to react to political developments on the national level. In this valuable reference work, Jon Wakelyn has collected twenty representative examples of this long-overlooked literature. Although the pamphlets reflect deep differences of opinion over what Lincoln's intentions were and how the South should respond, all indicate the centrality of slavery to the Southern way of life and reflect a pervasive fear of racial unrest. More generally, the pamphlets reveal a wealth of information about the South's political thought and self-identity at a defining moment in American history. The twenty items included here represent the views of leaders and opinion makers throughout the slaveholding states and are fully annotated. An additional sixty-five pamphlets are listed and briefly described in an appendix.Originally published in 1996.A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.
TL;DR: In this article, the trials of the 19th-century Palmer family who dominated the southern banks of South Carolina's Santee River are described through letters and journal entries rich in detail.
Abstract: Through letters and journal entries rich in detail, this text follows the trials of the 19th-century Palmer family who dominated the southern banks of South Carolina's Santee River. The volume offers insights into plantation life; education; religion; and slave/master relations.
TL;DR: Clarke as mentioned in this paper found that there has been a strong Calvinist community in the South Carolina low country since its establishment as a British colony and that this community (including in its membership both whites and after the 1740s significant numbers of African Americans) contradicts many of the images of the "received version" of the region.
Abstract: The South Carolina low country has long been regarded--not only in popular imagination and paperback novels but also by respected scholars--as a region dominated by what earlier historians called "a cavalier spirit" and by what later historians have simply described as "a wholehearted devotion to amusement and the neglect of religion and intellectual pursuits." Such images of the low country have been powerful interpreters of the region because they have had some foundation in social and cultural realities. It is a thesis of this study, however, that there has been a strong Calvinist community in the Carolina low country since its establishment as a British colony and that this community (including in its membership both whites and after the 1740s significant numbers of African Americans) contradicts many of the images of the "received version" of the region. Rather than a devotion to amusement and a neglect of religion and intellectual interests, this community has been marked throughout most of its history by its disciplined religious life, its intellectual pursuits, and its work ethic.The complex character of this Calvinist community guides Clarke to an exploration of the ways a particular religious tradition and a distinct social context have interacted over a 300-year period, including the unique story of the oldest and largest African American Calvinist community in America. "
TL;DR: In this article, Lichtman presents thirteen historical factors, or "keys" (i.e., four political, seven performance, and two personality), that determine the outcome of presidential elections.
Abstract: In this book prominent political analyst and historian Allan J. Lichtman presents thirteen historical factors, or "keys" (four political, seven performance, and two personality), that determine the outcome of presidential elections.