Showing papers in "Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society in 1999"

Three new species of the wood roach, cryptocercus (Blattodea: Cryptocercidae), from the Eastern United States

Abstract: Three new species of the wood roach, Cryptocercus (Blattodea: Cryptocerci dae), are described from the Appalachian mountains in the eastern United States. We base the species designation on consistent differences in the DNA sequence of the two mitochondrial rRNA genes and chromosome number. Until recently, it was assumed that all Cryptocercus in the eastern United States are conspecific. However, data on variation in DNA sequence and chromosome number from samples collected over much of the distribution of Cryptocercus in the eastern United States suggested the existence of at least four evolutionary lineages and forms the basis for the new species described here. In addition to describing the new species, we provide diagnostic characters, notes on the geographical distribution, and DNA sequence for the 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA gene fragments of holotype specimens.

Aggressive Behavior in Medflies {Ceratitis capitata) and Its Modification by Mass Rearing (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract: Male and female Ceratitis capitata employ at least nine different behavior patterns during aggressive interactions that include possible visual, auditory, and tactile stim uli. Male flies of a 4.5 year old mass-reared strain were less aggressive in some respects than wild flies.

Status of the Cotesia flavipes species complex (Braconidae: Microgastrinae) based on mitochondrial 16S rRNA and NADH 1 dehydrogenase gene sequence

Abstract: Partial DNA sequences of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA and NADH 1 dehydrogenase genes (831 bp) were determined for 7 species of the parasitic wasp genus Cotesia, including all three members of the Cotesia flavipes species complex. Cladistic analy sis was used to infer a phylogenetic tree and examine the relationships among members of the C. flavipes complex. The DNA sequences were also used to determine the extent of se quence variation among members of the complex in order to evaluate the specific status of each of the three species. Unweighted parsimony analysis indicated that the C. flavipes com plex is monophyletic and that C. chilonis and C. sesamiae are more closely related to each other with respect to C. flavipes. However, we were unable to confirm that C. chilonis and C. sesamiae are in fact separate species as only ~1% sequence divergence was observed in a pairwise comparison of the DNA sequences for these two species. A list of potentially use ful diagnostic characters is presented.

A new Chlerogelloides from French Guiana, with comments on the genus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)

Abstract: A new species of the augochlorine bee genus Chlerogelloides is described and figured as Chlerogelloides simplex sp. nov. The discovery of a second species has led to a slight modification of the generic concept. While several autapomorphic characters for the previously monotypic genus can now be considered as synapomorphies, two characters are here recognized as autapomorphic for the type species, C. femoralis. A new generic diagno sis is provided and key to the species given. The bee tribe Augochlorini consists of approximately 525 species in 41 genera and subgenera ranging from northern Argentina to southern Canada (Engel, 1998, in rev.). Although the tribe occupies such a large New World distribution the group is primarily tropical with its greatest diversity in the rainforests of northern South America. Increased collecting activity with flight intercept traps in these northern forests over the past few decades has brought to science many new genera and spe cies. Among these remarkable new bee groups was the genus Chlerogelloides, re cently proposed for an enigmatic species distributed in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (Engel et al., 1997). The genus superficially resembles species of the larger genus Chlerogella (Michener, 1954: presently with fourteen species, Brooks and Engel, in prep.), hence its name. Both genera have elongate heads, a presumed adaptation for obtaining nectar from long-necked flowers; however, differ fundamentally in the con struction of the head and thereby the achievement of this general elongation. In the genus Chlerogella species possess an expanded malar space projecting the clypeus, labrum, and mandibles far from the lower tangent of the compound eyes while in Chlerogelloides the malar space remains short, the mandible nearly flush with the lower tangent of the compound eyes. Instead the elongation of the clypeus and pre mentum produce the lengthened head in Chlerogelloides. Additional, more subtle, differences among the genera are given below as well as characters separating them from the other long-headed augochlorine genera; Ischnomelissa Engel (1997; Brooks and Engel, 1998) and Chlerogas Vachal (1904; Brooks and Engel, 1999). Chlerogelloides was known only on the basis of its type species until the discov ery of a second species reported herein. At the time of its original description cer tain peculiarities of the type species, Chlerogelloides femoralis Engel et al., were given as additional defining features of the genus. Several of these are now recog nized to be mere autapomorphies of C femoralis and thus an emended generic de scription is given below and in a forthcoming classification of the entire tribe (En gel, in rev.). While the relatively thin cuticle, the peculiar epistomal sulcus structure, the thin twisted male mandible, and characters of the male genitalia are all now ver 1 Contribution Nr. 3228 from the Snow Entomological Division, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas. 2 Department of Entomology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, New York 10024. 3 Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045. Accepted for publication 5 April 1999. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.253 on Wed, 08 Jun 2016 06:23:27 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms VOLUME 72, ISSUE 2 161 ified as synapomorphies for the genus, the bizarrely modified mid-legs and genal tuft of the male are unique to C. femoralis and must be removed from the definition of the genus (refer to figures presented by Engel et al, 1997). The format and terminology for the specific description follows that of Engel et al. (1997) while the generic description is taken from Engel (in rev.) and modified from Engel (1998). The phylogenetic position of Chlerogelloides within the Au gochlorini is presented by Engel (1998, in rev). The abbreviations F, S, and T are used for flagellomere, sternum, and tergum respectively and "od" for median ocel lar diameter.

First occurrence of Tipula (Tipula) oleracea Linnaeus (Diptera: Tipulidae) in the New World, with biological notes.

Abstract: Tipula {Tipula) oleracea Linnaeus, a species native to the Old World, is first recorded from Ecuador (South America). The local habitat for adults and immatures is re ported. The last instar larva and pupa are described and illustrated. Modes for introduction of this economically important species into the Neotropical Region are discussed. Acciden tal introduction of larvae in soil associated with horticultural imports from Europe is consid ered likely.

A new Mexican species of Denisiella (Collembola: Sminthuridae)

Abstract: The seventh species of Denisiella, based only on females is described and il lustrated. It is very similar to D. sexpinnatus Denis, 1931, from Costa Rica. resume: Le septieme espece de Denisiella est decrit et dessine avec seulement des exem plaires females. Elle est proche de D. sexpinnatus Denis, 1931 du Costa Rica. Members of the genus Denisiella are very small globoid Collembola, with only six species previously described from all over the world (Palacios-Vargas, 1995). They are very interesting because they display well differentiated sexual dimorphism, mainly in the antennae of the male and some other small characteristics as the type of setae. Most of them measure less than one milimeter, are difficult to collect and few specimens are obtained from Berlese funnel samples. After the study of some Mexican specimens we have discovered new species from Nayarit State, and, though only females were located it is possible to provide a description, as several features of its morphology are unique. Denisiella nayarita sp. nov. (Figs. 1-10) Female: Length (n = 4). Head 460 jum and body 985 Jim. Sternum unpigmented. Antennae clear purple throughout. Legs pale, tinged with purple. Manubrium slightly pigmented: dentes also pigmented. 6 + 6 eyes. Two interocular setae smaller than other setae that are spine-like (Figs. 1, 2). Antenna a little shorter than diagonal cephalic (Fig. 1), elbowed between I and II; ratio of segments about 1:1.2:1.3:2.1 (Fig. 3). Ant. I with four setae; Ant. II with 12, one of them longer; Ant. Ill with 9 setae, one ventral microsensilla, and the antennal organ with a pair of oval separate inner small sensilla, and two guard sensilla. Ant. IV simple with about 50 setae and no apical bulb, olfactory setae difficult to distinguish. Labrum with six prelabral setae, and 6,5,4,4 labral setae. Leg. I (Fig. 6) coxa with one thin seta and one small spine (not shown), trochanter with 3 thin setae, femur with 11 thick setae, the proximal one is curved; tibiotarsus with 33 setae (one longer than the others), most of them thick, and two oval organs. One distal ventral setae curved. Leg II, coxa with 1 thin seta, trochanter with 3 thin setae, femur with 11 thick setae; tibiotarsus with 30 setae and two oval organs, also with distal ventral curving seta. Leg III (Fig. 7) coxa with two thin setae, and one spine, trochanter with two thick setae, femur with 9 thick setae, tibiotarsus III with five stout and coarsely serrate setae, 23 normal setae and three oval organs, one distal setae also curving. Pretarsus with 1 + 1 setulae. Unguis thick, with a clear inner tooth a little beyond the middle, and one minute basal tooth externally, difficult to see; similar on all feet. Unguiculus as long as the inner margin of the unguis, slender, tapering, with a subapical filament longer than the unguiculus and exceeding the unguis, weaky swollen apically (Figs. 6, 7). Tibiotarsal organ absent. Length of the segments (leg III) in jum: coxa 74, trochanter 74, femur 123, tibiotarsus 246, unguis 69, unguiculus 51. Thoracic segmentation not evident dorsally. Genital and anal segments ankylosated into a single, well constricted mass. Ventral tube with one pair of distal setae, its vesicles smooth-walled. Dentes dorsally with simple setae, some lateral setae with enlarged bases and also with one file of seven spines, sometimes there are two spines in the inner side (Fig. 10); ventrally with only simple setae, four of them unpaired 1 Project of International exchange of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. 2 Laboratorio de Ecologia y Sistematica de Microartropodos, Depto. Biologia, Fac. Ciencias, UNAM, 04510 Mexico, D.F. 3 Laboratorio de Artropodos, Depto. Biologia, Fac. Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Mar del Plata, Argentina. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.113 on Thu, 06 Oct 2016 04:08:44 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 448 JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY lw ^ 2 iM /^ ^\ " ^ T Figs. 1-5. Denisiella nayarita sp. nov. 1. Dorsal view of head. 2. Magnification of ocular setae. 3. Antenna, from first to fourth segment. 4. Dorsal chaetotaxy of body, with magnification of two anal spines. 5. Labrum. This content downloaded from 207.46.13.113 on Thu, 06 Oct 2016 04:08:44 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms VOLUME 72, ISSUE 4 449

Status of the Cotesia flavipes species complex (Braconidae

Abstract: Partial DNA sequences of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA and NADH 1 dehydrogenase genes (831 bp) were determined for 7 species of the parasitic wasp genus Cotesia, including all three members of the Cotesia flavipes species complex. Cladistic analy sis was used to infer a phylogenetic tree and examine the relationships among members of the C. flavipes complex. The DNA sequences were also used to determine the extent of se quence variation among members of the complex in order to evaluate the specific status of each of the three species. Unweighted parsimony analysis indicated that the C. flavipes com plex is monophyletic and that C. chilonis and C. sesamiae are more closely related to each other with respect to C. flavipes. However, we were unable to confirm that C. chilonis and C. sesamiae are in fact separate species as only ~1% sequence divergence was observed in a pairwise comparison of the DNA sequences for these two species. A list of potentially use ful diagnostic characters is presented.