Showing papers in "Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research in 2009"

Comparison of different light response models for photosynthesis.

Abstract: Parameters and indexes derived from different models of photosynthesis-light response showed distant values,but these models were still the major methods to judge the feature of plant photosynthesis so far.In this paper,four light response models including the rectangle hyperbola,the non-rectangle hyperbola and two kinds of index curves were used to fit the light response data of evergreen poplar clone.Parameters and indexes from different models were compared.Methods of calculating light saturation point(LSP) were also studied in this paper.Results showed that the main characteristic parameters,including maximum net photosynthetic rate(P'max),apparent quantum efficiency(a),dark respiration rate(Rd),which were obtained from the models of hyperbola,were higher than those from two index curve models.And parameters estimated from rectangle hyperbola were higher than those of the non-rectangle hyperbola.While the parameters derived from two kinds of index models appeared no difference.As for calculation methods of LSP,the LSP obtained from the straight line fitted by photosynthetic photon flux density under 200 μmol·m-2·s-1 combined with other models was underestimated and this method seems unreliable.It is also unreasonable that LSP was estimated through the maximum gross photosynthesis rate(Pmax).However,LSP could be effectively estimated through P'max by eliminating the influence of Rd,and the estimation percentage of each models was basically fixed.The percentages for calculating LSP through P'max in rectangle hyperbola,non-rectangle hyperbola and index curves were suggested to be(78±1)%,(82±1)% and(96±1)%,respectively.Beside,light response data of Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla were used to validate those conclusions.

Distribution Pattern of Ploidy Variation of Actinidia chinensis and A.deliciosa

Abstract: In the present study,the ploidy level of five populations of Actinidia chinensis and A.deliciosa with overlapping distributions in transitional regions ranging from the western China plateau to the middle-eastern China hilly mountains and six populations of pure A.chinensis individuals and one population with only A.deliciosa were detected,according to the geographical distribution data and our previous extensive survey of the wild populations of A.chinensis and A.deliciosa in China.Furthermore,the morphological traits were depicted and analyzed.The results showed:(1)A.chinensis possessed diploid and tetraploid,while A.deliciosa possessed tetraploid,pentaploid and hexaploid.(2)There was significant(p0.05) difference of the longitude and latitude distribution between A.chinensis and A.deliciosa.A.chinensis distributed westward,and A.deliciosa located eastward in the longitudinal distribution.As to the latitudinal distribution,A.chinensis and A.deliciosa situated from northerly to southerly.The longitudinal and latitudinal distribution among the ploidy races of the two species were also significantly different(p0.05).The distribution of the diploid,tetraploid,and hexaploid races was in the direction from east to west in the longitude,and from north to south in latitude.(3)There was significant difference(p0.05) among the altitudinal distribution of the ploidy races of A.chinensis and A.deliciosa.The distribution of diploid race was in the lowest elevation,tetraploid race in the middle elevation,and the hexaploid in the highest elevation.However,there was no significant difference(p0.05) between the altitudinal distribution of the tetraploid individuals and the hexaploid individuals by LSD test.This result for kiwifruit is beneficial to lay a preliminary research base to the cytotype distribution research fields and the collection,evaluation,innovation and sustainable use of kiwifruit germplasm resources,especially to provide the basic data and scientific basis to breeding of new kiwifruit varieties.

Comparison and analysis of IRAP and ISSR molecular methods used for assessment of genetic diversity in tobacco.

Abstract: The cluster analysis of 28 tobacco accessions was assessed using IRAP and ISSR molecular methods.The results based on these two methods were compared.The results were as follow:(1) 214 bands were produced by IRAP,of which 187 bands were polymorphic,and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 87.4%.The 28 accessions could be classified into three groups at the level of L1=0.495.The third group could be classified into 3 subgroups and 3 unique types at L2=0.34.(2) 334 bands were produced by ISSR,of which 250 bands were polymorphic,and the percentage of polymorphic bands was 75%.The 28 tobacco accessions could be classified into two groups and 2 unique types(Coker176,BaSmaUovina) at the level of L1 =0.41.The first group(Ⅰ) included two accessions from America(RG11 and K730),and other 24 accessions were included in the second class(Ⅱ).(3) The correlation coefficient between IRAP and ISSR analyses was 0.823(r0.01=0.478),which indicated these two methods were both fit for the study of genetic diversity in tobacco.But IRAP technique had higher GD(genetic dissimilarity coefficient),better stability,and higher polymorphic than ISSR method.The genetic diversity and relationship of tobacco germplasm could be distinguished more easily by IRAP.

Comparison of Different Light Response Models for Photosynthesis

Abstract: Parameters and indexes derived from different models of photosynthesis-light response showed distant values,but these models were still the major methods to judge the feature of plant photosynthesis so far.In this paper,four light response models including the rectangle hyperbola,the non-rectangle hyperbola and two kinds of index curves were used to fit the light response data of evergreen poplar clone.Parameters and indexes from different models were compared.Methods of calculating light saturation point(LSP) were also studied in this paper.Results showed that the main characteristic parameters,including maximum net photosynthetic rate(P'max),apparent quantum efficiency(a),dark respiration rate(Rd),which were obtained from the models of hyperbola,were higher than those from two index curve models.And parameters estimated from rectangle hyperbola were higher than those of the non-rectangle hyperbola.While the parameters derived from two kinds of index models appeared no difference.As for calculation methods of LSP,the LSP obtained from the straight line fitted by photosynthetic photon flux density under 200 μmol·m-2·s-1 combined with other models was underestimated and this method seems unreliable.It is also unreasonable that LSP was estimated through the maximum gross photosynthesis rate(Pmax).However,LSP could be effectively estimated through P'max by eliminating the influence of Rd,and the estimation percentage of each models was basically fixed.The percentages for calculating LSP through P'max in rectangle hyperbola,non-rectangle hyperbola and index curves were suggested to be(78±1)%,(82±1)% and(96±1)%,respectively.Beside,light response data of Eucalyptus grandis×E.urophylla were used to validate those conclusions.

Passing winter strategies of Tapiscia sinensis during its extreme long reproductive cycle.

Abstract: Tapiscia sinensis Oliv.is an endemic and rare tree in China,and protected by Chinese government.After the blossom and fertilization in May,T.sinensis Oliv.passes the long winter with its naked ovary(undeveloped young fruit) and develops a set of unique strategies to survive the winter.It took 17 months from its floral primordium initiation to fruit maturity.Secondary protective tissues that are similar to perideum are formed on ovary wall and the surface of receptacle which expands down to surround the fruit stalk.The inflated receptacle and the naked ovary form a \"passing winter complex\".Abundant starch grains are accumulated in the parenchyma of ovary wall and inflated receptacle.Some cells form mucilaginous locules or develop into idioblasts containing druse crystals or tannin.The special passing winter strategies of T.sinensis Oliv.demonstrate its adaptation to environment during the long evolution history.

On Flora of Hubei(I)

Abstract: Biondia microcentra(Tsiang) PTLi(Asclepiadaceae),a new record to Hubei province,China,was reportedPrevious misidentifications on three taxa,Phoebe nanmu(Oliv) Gamble,Deutzia scabra Thunband Aspidistra lurida Ker-Gawl,are corrected and their correct names are Pzhennan SKLee FNWei,Dcrenata Siebold Zuccand Aoblanceifolia FTWang KYLang,respectively

Topographic correlates of understory plant species distribution in Nanling National Nature Reserve, Guangdong.

Abstract: Effect of topographic factors on the distribution of understory plant species was investigated in the montane forest communities in Nanling National Nature Reserve,Guangdong,China.The montane evergreen broadleaved forest communities sampled from 3 elevations had diverse species composition and abundance,but with great heterogeneity in spatial distribution.255 vascular plant species from the understory,with a total abundance of 3228 stems,were recorded in 450 subplots(4 m2each)within the total plot area of 9000 m2,which belonged to 95 families and 181 genera.The result of Multi-Response Permutation Procedures(MRPP) showed that aspect,elevation(p0.0001) and slope(p0.05) had a significant influence on the distribution of understory species,with the magnitude of influence in the following order:elevationaspectslope.Furthermore,Indicator Species Analysis(ISA) identified the indicator species with a significant indicator value ≥50 under different topographic conditions.This study indicated that a community might be affected by several topographic factors in the meantime.Therefore interactions and compensation among topographic factors should be taken into account when assessing the effect of a single topographic factor on the spatial patterns of understory vegetation.The two statistical programs,MRPP and ISA,are robust in demonstrating relations of spatial heterogeneity of plant distribution to environmental factors,and in identifying indicator species,which has significant implications for plant biodiversity conservation,forest restoration,and silvicultural applications.

Study on the Antifatigue Function of Polysaccharides from Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.

Abstract: To study the antifatigue function of polysaccharides from Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.in mice.Three doses(100,200,400 mg·kg-1·d-1) of polysaccharides from S.ningpoensis Hemsl.,a blank dose and a positive control dose with lentinan had been applied to mice who were treated per os for 21 days continuously.The weight,loading swimming time,the content of blood urea nitrogen,blood lactic acid and liver glycogen were determined.Polysaccharides from S.ningpoensis Hemsl.could significantly prolong swimming time in mice,increase the reserves of liver glycogen,decreas the content of blood lactic acid after strenuous exercise.The mid and high doses of polysaccharides from S.ningpoensis Hemsl.could significantly decreas the content of blood urea nitrogen.It showes that the Polysaccharides from S.ningpoensis Hemsl.has anti-fatigue function.

A Preliminary Study of the Bryoria Lichens in Northern Xinjiang

Abstract: The species diversity,geographical elements,and vertical distribution of the lichen genus Bryoria Brodo D.Hawksw.from Tianshan and Altay Mountains in Northern Xinjiang were addressed.Nine species,B.chalybeiformis (L.) Brodo D.Hawksw.,B.confusa (D.D.Awasthi) Brodo D.Hawksw.,B.furcellata (Fr.) Brodo D.Hawksw.,B.fuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo D.Hawksw.,B.lanestris (Ach.) Brodo D.Hawksw.,B.nadvornikiana (Gyeln.) Brodo D.Hawksw.,B.nitidula (Th. Fr.) Brodo D.Hawksw.,B.pseudofuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo D.Hawksw.,B.simplicior (Vain.) Brodo D.Hawksw.,and one subspecies B.trichodes ssp.trichodes (Michx.) Brodo D.Hawksw.were listed in the lichen flora of Xinjiang.They were classified into three geographical elements,(1)Circumpolar arctic and high mountain species;(2)Circumpolar low arctic and boreal species;(3)Circumpolar boreal species.The vertical distribution characteristics of Bryoria lichens in Altay and Tianshan Mountains were analyzed.

Studies on Cryopreservation of Two Diospyros spp.Germplasm by Modified Droplet Vitrification

Abstract: The factors were studied that effected the cryopreservation of Diospyros lotus L.and D.kaki Thunb.in vitro shoot-tips by modified droplet vitrification,such as cold hardening method,preculture time,PVS2 treatment time etc.A suitable procedure was established:shoot-tips of in vitro axillaries were cultured on 1/2MS medium and followed by alternating temperatures(25±1)℃ in daytime/(4±1)℃ at night cold-hardening for 6 weeks,precultured with 0.5 mol/L sucrose for 5 days,which were loaded in loading solution for 20 min at 20℃,and incubated in PVS2 for 1.5 h at 0℃ prior to direct plunge into liquid nitrogen.After rapid thawing at 40℃ warm water bath and rinsed five to six times,the shoot-tips were plated on the regeneration medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L TDZ,0.6 g/L PVP,30 g/L sucrose and 7 g/L agar for one week in dark prior to exposure to the normal condition(The result is found in optimizing of regeneration system of Diospyros spp.by tissue culture).Using this procedure,the survival rate of ‘Eshi 1’,‘Xiangxi-tianshi’and D.lotus L.in vitro shoot-tips was 79.6%,67.4% and 60.9%,respectively.

Formation and Development of Archegonium in the Fern Ceratopteris thalictroides(L.)Brongn

Abstract: The formation and development of archegonium in Ceratopteris thalictroides(L.) Brongn has been studied mainly using transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results revealed that archegonium in C.thalictroides was generated from an initial cell of gametophyte.The initial cell formed three layers by two divisions.Cells in the top and lower layers give rise to the jacket cells of archegonium.The middle cell is named primary cell,which is the first cell in oogenesis.This cell ultimately developed into a binucleate neck canal cell,a ventral canal cell and an egg cell by two unequal divisions.This research specified the sequences and characteristics of the archegonium interior cell in C.thalictroides.

A New Record of Listera from Mainland China——Listera japonica Bl.

Abstract: A new record of Listera from Mainland China 'Listera japonica Bl.',and it's habitat are reported in this paper.

Karyotypes of Five Species in Ranunculus

Abstract: The karyotypes of five species of genus Ranunculus in Yunnan province of China were analysed.In Sect.Ranunculus,the karyotype formulas of Ranunculus chinensis Bunge and R.cantoniensis DC.were 2n=2x=16=6m+4sm+6st and 2n=4x=32=14m+6sm+12st.The asymmetrical karyotype coefficient of R.chinensis,R.cantoniensis and R.sieboldii Miq.,gradually increased in different population from west to east in China.In Sect.Auricomus,the karyotypes(2n=4x=32=12m+12sm+8st) of R.pulchellus var.stracheyanus Hand.-Mazz.in Zhongdian population was obviously different from that in Qinghai population(2n=4x=32=24m+8sm).The chromosome numbers and karyotypes(2n=40,2n=5x=40=30m+10sm)of R.tangusticus var.dasycarpus(Maxim.)L.Liou and that(2n=40,2n=5x=40=20m+16sm+4st) of R.napahaiensis W.T.Wang L.Liao are reported for the first time.