Showing papers in "Labour in 2023"
TL;DR: This paper examined the impact of a firm's position in Global Value Chains (GVCs) on wages according to workers' origin and found that firms that are more upstream in the value chain pay on average significantly higher wages, but the wage premium associated with upstreamness is also found to be unequally shared among workers.
Abstract: This article examines the impact of a firm's position in Global Value Chains (GVCs) on wages according to workers' origin. Based on a unique linked employer–employee dataset regarding the Belgian manufacturing industry covering the 2002–2010 timespan, our estimates show that firms that are more upstream in the value chain pay on average significantly higher wages. However, the wage premium associated with upstreamness is also found to be unequally shared among workers. Unconditional quantile regressions and decomposition methods suggest that high-wage workers born in developed countries benefit the most from being employed higher up the value chain, while workers born in developing countries appear to be unfairly rewarded.
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Abstract: LABOURVolume 37, Issue 2 p. i-iii ISSUE INFORMATIONFree Access Issue Information First published: 03 May 2023 https://doi.org/10.1111/labr.12223AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. Volume37, Issue2June 2023Pages i-iii RelatedInformation
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors analyse the differential changes in sorting across occupations of immigrants and natives during years preceding the COVID pandemic and find an increase in immigrants' sorting into occupations intensive in non-routine interactive and analytical tasks, in contrast with natives, immigrants were moving away from occupations intensively using new technologies.
Abstract: The massive shift towards teleworking during the COVID pandemic relatively deteriorated working conditions of people occupying positions that could not be teleworked because they were more exposed to the risk of infection. Exploiting French data, we analyse the differential changes in sorting across occupations of immigrants and natives during years preceding the pandemic. Immigrants sorted relatively more into occupations intensive in non-routine manual tasks. These occupations cannot be teleworked. We find an increase in immigrants' sorting into occupations intensive in non-routine interactive and analytical tasks. However, in contrast with natives, immigrants were moving away from occupations intensively using new technologies.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors explored the long-term consequences of career arduousness and career instability for both physical and mental health in the European context, and found a positive link between job demands and late-life mental and physical ill health.
Abstract: This paper explores the long-term consequences of career arduousness and career instability for both physical and mental health in the European context. One of its strengths is to link what happens during the entire career and the health status at an older age. The paper finds a positive link between career arduousness (i.e. the sum of job demands individuals have been exposed to during their entire career) and late-life mental and physical ill health, but also evidence that career instability (i.e. career gaps, job insecurity, displacements, unemployment spells) could matter as much as arduousness per se. And this has implications for pension policy inter alia.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors show that job polarization can be explained by the different routine task measurements used in these studies and discuss the validity of these measurements, concluding that all measurements have conceptual weaknesses but some appear more valid than others.
Abstract: The routine task intensity of occupations is a concept frequently used to analyse the impact of technological change on employment. However, existing studies disagree on whether it can explain the observed job polarization in advanced economies. This article first shows that these seemingly contradictory results can be explained by the different routine task measurements used in these studies. Subsequently, the validity of these measurements is discussed. Preliminary results suggest that all measurements have conceptual weaknesses but that some appear more valid than others. Job polarization may therefore be explained by occupations' routine task intensity, but only to a limited extent.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors empirically link objective measures of arduous working conditions and financial incentive indicators with the use of sick leave, and they use a 2017 French survey on occupational hazards and sick leaves linked to information on the individual level of sick pay extracted from collective bargaining agreements.
Abstract: This study empirically links objective measures of arduous working conditions and financial incentive indicators with sick leave use. We use a 2017 French survey on occupational hazards and sick leaves linked to information on the individual level of sick pay extracted from collective bargaining agreements. Our results show that physical constraints are not linked to short-term sick leave use whereas psychosocial constraints are significantly associated with more sick leave spells and a high cumulative number of sick days. Moreover, the relationship between sick pay and use seems ambiguous because of the heterogeneity in behavioural responses.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors used a difference-in-differences approach that exploited regional variations in treatment intensity to analyse the effect of interviews on the duration of unemployment in Finland. But they did not consider the effect on participation in active labour market programmes.
Abstract: In 2017, a Finnish policy reform intensified the Public Employment Services' practice of periodically interviewing unemployed jobseekers. This study used high-quality administrative data to analyse the effect of interviews on unemployment duration. We used a difference-in-differences approach that exploited regional variations in treatment intensity. Our results show that a 10 percentage point increase in interview probability increased the monthly hazard rate of employment by 3.1 per cent, with the effect being strongest among jobseekers aged 25–34 and jobseekers with a low education level. Also, our results demonstrate a strong effect on participation in active labour market programmes.