Showing papers in "Lexicography in 2023"

use of verb valency patterns in the Indonesian monolingual learner’s dictionary

Abstract: The verb is one of the most perplexing features for learners of BIPA (Bahasa Indonesia bagi Penutur Asing “Indonesian for foreign speakers”). Indonesian verbs are particularly rich in affixes that correspond to their numerous senses. The learners find it challenging to use verbs with the appropriate affixes in a sentence structure. To function effectively as a learning tool, dictionaries must provide morphological and grammatical information. Frame semantics theory is used in this research to determine a verb’s meaning based on its semantic context and frame. The verb is described by identifying the grammatical constructions in which it participates, and by characterizing all of the obligatory and optional types of companions. By doing this, we can obtain the verb valency pattern to add to a dictionary’s morphological and grammatical information. This study aims to create entry models of affixed verbs with the valency pattern. The six transitive verbs for discussion comprise a variety of affixes with various senses: mempersembahkan “to present/dedicate”; membersihkan “to clean”; mencintai “to love”; memperlancar “to expedite”; memperbaiki “to fix”; and memberlakukan “to apply”. These entries serve as models for the BIPA learner’s dictionary.

Categorizing obsolete, archaic, and classic words in an Indonesian dictionary

Abstract: The global era has led to fairly rapid changes in language. Many words have become obsolete. There are also many words whose meanings have become irrelevant nowadays. Unfortunately, in Indonesian dictionaries, especially in the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI; Comprehensive dictionary of Indonesian), there is no label for obsolete words. There is only an “archaic” label to mark all outdated words and a “classic” label to mark classical words. Another labeling problem in the KBBI is that there are no clear guidelines or criteria to determine when a word is considered archaic, obsolete, or classic. The absence of clear criteria causes some entries that have been labeled “archaic” in the KBBI to seem obsolete, and sometimes words labeled as classic get confused with archaic words. The aim of this article is to investigate ways of categorizing archaic, obsolete, and classic words in the KBBI. This research was conducted by comparing several forms and entry criteria labeled “archaic,” “obsolete,” and “classic” in several dictionaries, in particular dictionaries of foreign languages whose lexicographic traditions are well established. Each dictionary has its own criteria for classifying a word as archaic, obsolete, or classic, and we can learn from them. The findings suggest that checking the corpus data set is the easiest way to categorize words according to their labels.

use of lexical bundles in an online comprehensive dictionary of Indonesian (KBBI Daring)

Abstract: Research on lexical bundles in the last few decades has focused mostly on written registers, especially academic writing. In this study, I investigate the use of lexical bundles in a different genre – dictionaries. As a lexical bundle is formulaic language specific to a particular register, I hypothesize that particular lexical bundles are used in dictionaries. The research focus of this study is the extent to which lexical bundles are used in the online version of the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI Daring; Comprehensive dictionary of Indonesian online), especially in the lemma, definition, and example sections. In addition, the study examines the characteristics of lexical bundles in dictionaries. The approach used is corpus based. As reference bundles, a total of 517 lexical bundles were extracted from the IndonesianWeb Corpus (available from SketchEngine). The bundles were then analyzed for their use in KBBI Daring in terms of their frequency, structure, and function. The results showed that the use of lexical bundles in KBBI Daring was mostly found in the definition section. The bundles found were generally in the form of phrases rather than clauses. In terms of structure, the lexical bundles were dominated by incomplete structures. The bundles, either in the definition or example sections, were mostly in the form of yang-clause fragments, such as yang digunakan untuk “that is used for,” yang terdiri atas “that consists of,” yang terbuat dari “that is made of/from,” yang berasal dari “that comes from,” and yang berhubungan dengan “that relates to.” In terms of function, presenting content is the dominant function in the KBBI, while organizing text is the least prevalent function. In a nutshell, each section in the dictionary, especially in the KBBI, has its own character.

Digitalizing a local language dictionary

Abstract: The National Agency for Language Development and Cultivation (henceforth, Badan Bahasa) has published many dictionaries as a government agency under the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia. More than 100 dictionaries have been published since 1977. Some dictionaries have been revised by adding new entries and senses. In alignment with technological developments, Badan Bahasa has started an integration project that aims to provide an online application for their language products. In 2015, it started Program Pengayaan Kosakata (Word proposal application program), and this was followed by the launch of the online version of the Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI; Comprehensive dictionary of Indonesian), Tesaurus Tematis Bahasa Indonesia (Thematic thesaurus of Indonesian), and Ensiklopedia Sastra Indonesia (Encyclopedia of Indonesian literature) in 2016. In 2020, Badan Bahasa started the development of Aplikasi Pangkalan Data Kamus, also called Aplikasi Kompilasi Kamus (AKK; Dictionary compilation application). This online application accommodates at least three kinds of dictionary – a local language dictionary, specialized dictionary, and bilingual dictionary – published by Badan Bahasa. The process has continued by developing a digitalization project targeting the digitalization of print versions of specialized dictionaries, Indonesian-local language dictionaries, and local language-Indonesian dictionaries. This article aims to discuss some challenges regarding the digitalization of dictionaries arising from the print versions, the dictionary structure, and the dictionary interface, and puts forward some solutions to deal with the issues. The research method uses qualitative methods for observing dictionary files and examining microstructure issues throughout the whole process. The results of this study are expected to support the digitalization process and dictionary development in Indonesia.