National Academy Science Letters-india 

About: National Academy Science Letters-india is an academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Biology & Population. It has an ISSN identifier of 0250-541X. Over the lifetime, 1568 publications have been published receiving 7380 citations.

A Review on Silicone Rubber

Abstract: Silicone rubber’s special features such as “organosiloxanes polymer” has been originated from its unique molecular structure that they carry both inorganic and organic properties unlike other organic rubbers. In other words, due to the Si–O bond of silicone rubber and its inorganic properties, silicone rubber was superior to ordinary organic rubbers in terms of heat resistance, chemical stability, electrical insulating, abrasion resistance, weatherability and ozone resistance. With these unique characteristics, silicone rubber has been widely used to replace petrochemical products in various industries like aerospace, munitions industry, automobile, construction, electric and electronics, medical and food processing industry. Recently, these scopes of silicone applications have been expanding at a great speed by the demand of industries that want more reliable elastomer. This paper reviews on synthesis, general properties, applications and nanocomposites of silicone rubber.

Hybrid Technique for Robust and Imperceptible Image Watermarking in DWT–DCT–SVD Domain

Abstract: In this paper an algorithm for digital watermarking based on discrete wavelet transforms (DWT), discrete cosine transforms (DCT), and singular value decomposition (SVD) has been proposed. In the embedding process, the host image is decomposed into first level DWTs. Low frequency band (LL) is transformed by DCT and SVD. The watermark image is also transformed by DCT and SVD. The S vector of watermark information is embedded in the S component of the host image. Watermarked image is generated by inverse SVD on modified S vector and original U, V vectors followed by inverse DCT and inverse DWT. Watermark is extracted using an extraction algorithm. The proposed method has been extensively tested against numerous known attacks and has been found to be giving superior performance for robustness and imperceptibility compared to existing methods suggested by other authors.

Anti-staphylococcal activity of a pan-tropical aggressive and obnoxious weed Parthenium histerophorus: an in vitro study.

Abstract: Staphylococci, especially Staphylococcus aureus, are among the most common causes of nosocomial as well as community-acquired infections. S. aureus, a common coloniser of human skin and mucosa, can cause diseases such as skin and wound infections, urinary tract infections, pneumonia and bacteraemia (blood stream infection). It can also cause food poisoning. Most strains of this bacterium are sensitive to many antibiotics, but some S. aureus bacteria are resistant to the antibiotic methicillin. The present study was aimed at investigating the anti-staphylococcal (antimicrobial) activity of a pantropical weed, Parthenium histerophorus. Plant parts were extracted in various organic solvents. The extracts were tested against the clinical isolate of a gram positive bacterium. S. aureus, known for causing nosocomical infections. Benzene and ethyl acetate fractions of leaves and roots exhibited good activity with ZOI ranging from 23 to 34mm at an extract concentration of 200 mg/ml. The Petroleum ether fraction of leaves was very active even at a lower concentration of the extract (100 mg/ml). Low to moderate activity was observed in floral extracts. Moreover, the antibacterial substance within this plant seemed to be most prominent in the leaves/roots and least in the flowers The anti-staphylococcal activity of the extracts was found comparable to the activity of many standard test antibiotics.

Mean labelings of graphs

Abstract: In this paper we introduce a new type of labeling known as mean labeling. We prove that the following are mean graphs : The path P n , the cycle C n , the complete graph K n for nS3, the triangular snake and some more special graphs. We also prove that the complete graph K n and the complete bipartite graph K 1 , n for n>3 are not mean graphs.

Supercapacitor: An emerging power source

Abstract: Fundamentals and recent advances in electrochemical Supercapacitors, which are recently emerged as an alternative power sources, have been discussed. A general discussion on different types of Supercapacitors namely: electrical doublc layer capacitors (EDLCs) and electrochemical redox Supercapacitors has been presented in view of their configuration, materials and charge storage mechanisms. Particular attention and emphasis are given to the conducting polymers based redox capacitors and their different types (I, II and III) of the configuration according to three different possible combinations of p- and n-doped conducting polymers. Recent investigations in our laboratory on the development of different Supercapacitors have been briefly given. Various possible applications of Supercapacitors as a power source have also been briefly described.