Showing papers in "Plant Biosystems in 1994"
TL;DR: In this paper, the metal phytotoxicity by mychorrizal fungi pointing at land reclamation and at the detoxification of metal/radionuclides-containing industrial effluents was investigated.
Abstract: Many papers have reported the uptake and translocation of toxic metals and radionuclides to fruit bodies of edible fungi and also to mycelia biomass. Our aim is to study how to reduce the metal phytotoxicity by mychorrizal fungi pointing at land reclamation and at the detoxification of metal/radionuclides-containing industrial effluents.
219 citations
43 citations
TL;DR: Cette pratique entraine une heterogeneite du materiel vegetal qui se traduit par des differences dans the vigueur des plants, l'aptitude a mycorhizer et the capacite a fructifier; par ailleurs, le materiel fongique servant d'inoculum est tout aussi heterogene.
Abstract: Resume Abstract La mise au point d'une methode de production de plants mycorhizes par la truffe, en France, date du debut des annees 70. Depuis, les grands principes de la methode utilisee n'ont pas subi d'evolution importante. La majorite des plants sont obtenus par semis et inocules avec des preparations a base de spores de truffe. Cette pratique entraine une heterogeneite du materiel vegetal qui se traduit par des differences dans la vigueur des plants, l'aptitude a mycorhizer et la capacite a fructifier; par ailleurs, le materiel fongique servant d'inoculum est tout aussi heterogene. Un programme de recherche a ete developpe pour produire des plants d'essences couramment utilisees en trufficulture: chěnes pedoncule (Quercus robur), sessile (Q. petraea) et pubescent (Q. pubescens), noisetier (Corylus avellana) ne presentant pas ces defauts. Il a abouti a la mise au point de Methodes de mycorhization controlee a partir de materiel vegetal clone et selectionne. Les potentialites trufficoles de ce nouveau...
18 citations
TL;DR: The diversity observed among plants evolved in aquatic environments is expressed not only by the taxa that can be recognized, but also by a great number of solutions developed to express the differentiation of parts in a complex multicellular body.
Abstract: The Structural Heterogeneity of Plants with a Thallus. Plants that evolved in aquatic environments developed a thallus, that is a multicellular body without structures deputed to the mass transportation of water along great distances. The structural organisations of thalli shows a number of different solution to reach the coordination necessary to the expression of differentiation in the multicellular thalli. Some of these structures are comparatively esamined, pointing out their peculiarities. The diversity observed among plants evolved in aquatic environments is expressed not only by the taxa that can be recognized, but also by a great number of solutions developed to express the differentiation of parts in a complex multicellular body.
15 citations
TL;DR: The data presented here confirm both the hybrid nature of xO.
Abstract: Specimens of the orchid hybrid xOrchiaceras bergonii and of the two putative parental species Orchis simia and Aceras anthropophorum from Southern Italy were examined by using both morphology and molecular techniques. Hybrid morphological characters and protein profiles were intermediate between those of the two putative parental species. Chloroplast DNA restriction fragment polymorphism analysis showed differences between O. simia and A. anthropophorum. Hybrid restriction patterns were completely identical to the ones of O. simia. The data presented here confirm both the hybrid nature of xO. bergonii and that O. simia and A. anthropophorum are the parental species. Results also show that O. simia is the maternal lineage of the hybrid. The usefulness of a molecular approach in detecting maternal lineages in orchid hybrids as related to the understanding of the reproductive mechanism in parental species and to the direction of gene flow in hybrid formation are discussed.
13 citations
TL;DR: From the comparative examination of samples made, resulted that the communities differ each other mainly in the Cystoseira species since their floristic composition are on the whole quite similar.
Abstract: A study on Cystoseira spinosa community and Cystoseira zosteroides community from Catania (Eastern coast of Sicily) is presented. It is based on monthly samples carried out throughout a year. That permitted to better characterize the communities as regards their periodism and floristic composition. From the comparative examination of samples made, resulted that the communities differ each other mainly in the Cystoseira species since their floristic composition are on the whole quite similar.
12 citations
TL;DR: Observations on three interesting Ceramiales from the Mediterranean Sea are reported and the male reproductive structures on the genus Rodriguezella are described for the first time.
Abstract: Observations on three interesting Ceramiales from the Mediterranean Sea are reported; Ceramium incospicuum Zanardini, Polysiphonia setacea Hollenberg and Rodriguezella pinnata (Kutzing) Schmitz ex Falkenberg. The male reproductive structures on the genus Rodriguezella are described for the first time.
11 citations
TL;DR: Phenology as a scientific discipline becomes increasingly important and it turns out that the data on vegetation development provided by the phenologists during the last two centuries are about the most reliable informations available for the evaluation of global trends of environmental parameters.
Abstract: Phenology as a scientific discipline becomes increasingly important. While the classical observation methods appeared to be old-fashioned and were even criticised to be unscientific it turns out that the data on vegetation development provided by the phenologists during the last two centuries are about the most reliable informations available for the evaluation of global trends of environmental parameters.
10 citations
8 citations
TL;DR: C. thomasii pollen is smaller, more regularly structured and germinates in vivo and in vitro in higher percentage than that of C. sativus, which has been studied from a morphological and physiological point of view.
Abstract: Mature pollen of C. thomasii Ten. (Iridaceae) has been studied from a morphological and physiological point of view and compared to that of C. sativus L., C. thomasii pollen is roundish, with a 83 μm diameter and a 14% of anomalous grains. Percentage of the positive alcoholdehydrogenase (ADH +) pollen grains is about 90% whereas the in vitro germinated rate reaches 55%. Exine is homogeneously thickened (2.5 μm) with randomly distributed thinner zones and 5 μm thick intine. Cytoplasm of vegetative and generative cells is very rich of small and large smooth vesicles and vesicles coated by ribosomes. The generative cell shows a thin ondulated pectocellulosic wall. Its nucleus is intensely fluorescent after treatment with the 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) fluorochrome. Although many ultrastructural aspects of the C. thomasii pollen are common in C. sativus. L., C. thomasii pollen is smaller, more regularly structured and germinates in vivo and in vitro in higher percentage than that of C. sativus.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the Sul Fitoclima Della Penisola Italiana, which is a collection of articles from the Giornale botanico italiano: Vol. 128, No. 1, pp. 461-461.
Abstract: (1994). Sul Fitoclima Della Penisola Italiana. Giornale botanico italiano: Vol. 128, No. 1, pp. 461-461.
TL;DR: The results suggest that, despite its high variability, needle ength is influenced by climatic conditions and by the water availability of the site where pines grow.
Abstract: Observations on needle length and longevity of Pinus pinea L. - We investigated needle length and longevity of Pinus pinea L. to understand their ecological significance. Samplings regarded five coastal pinewoods (four in the province of Grosseto, one in the province of Lucca) and isolated trees in different sites of Tuscany. We found a significant variation in needle length among different positions of the crown (central, intermediate and peripheral), among individuals of the same site and among different sites; isolated trees showed longer needles and a longer retention than pines in stands. We also obtained a highly significant linear regression between length of different-aged needles (from 1988 to 1992) and rainfall of the period march-august of the same years. Our results suggest that, despite its high variability, needle ength is influenced by climatic conditions (overall by rainfalls) and by the water availability of the site where pines grow. Needle retention depends largely on the posit...
TL;DR: Interpretation of the literature leads S. filiformis to classify it as an euryecious species showing high tolerance of a broad range of temperature, irradiance and salinity.
Abstract: The occurrence of extensive populations of the carrageenophyte Solieria filiformis in the Mar Piccolo of Taranto (Italy, Ionian Sea) has prompted this review of the literature on the subject. S. filiformis is a subtidal alga that inhabits both sheltered and exposed habitats. Interpretation of the literature leads us to classify it as an euryecious species showing high tolerance of a broad range of temperature, irradiance and salinity. S. filiformis grows in both the attached form capable of sexual reproduction and unattached only capable of vegetative propagation. The morphology of both forms as well as of the reproductive organs have been studied in detail. Laboratory and tank cultures are being carried out to estimate growth rates and elucidate its physiological ecology. For the Mediterranean specimens fast-growing strains have been selected and the optimal growth conditions have been established. S. filiformis is a potential candidate for cultivation because of the high quality of its carregee...
TL;DR: The taxonomical approach is based on a comparative investigation on the pollen morphology of all the present-living species and the fossil taxon from Leffe, based on some diagnostic features of the apertures and the exine ornamentation allowed to distinguish some groups.
Abstract: Fossil pollen of Aesculus aff. hippocastanum L. in the Leffe Basin (Early Pleistocene). Systematic position and palaeocology. A new pollen analysis has been undertaken in the lacustrine and palustrine deposits of Leffe (Northern Italy), in order to re-evaluate the flora, the vegetation dynamics and the climatic change at the southern margin of the Alps during the lowermost Pleistocene. The present paper deals with the systematic position and the ecology of a fossil taxon of Aesculus discovered in the Leffe sediments. The taxonomical approach is based on a comparative investigation on the pollen morphology of all the present-living species and the fossil taxon from Leffe. Some diagnostic features of the apertures and the exine ornamentation allowed to distinguish some groups, almost coincident with the sections in which the genus is presently subdivided. The pollen morphology of the taxa which belong to the sections living in temperate regions and in the subtropical-tropical SE-Asia (section Calot...
TL;DR: The Indagine Preliminare Sulla Vegetazione Delle Mura di Napoli (Inquadramento Sintassonomico) Giornale botanico italiano: Vol. 128, No. 1, pp. 458-458 as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: (1994). Indagine Preliminare Sulla Vegetazione Delle Mura di Napoli (Inquadramento Sintassonomico) Giornale botanico italiano: Vol. 128, No. 1, pp. 458-458.
TL;DR: The immunological tests demonstrate the heterogeneity of Gnetopsida and indicate discriminative correlations of Welwitschia, Gnetum and Ephedra to the examined Angiosperms.
Abstract: Legumin-like proteins from Ephedra distachya, Ephedra foeminea, Gnetum gnemon, Gnetum montanum and Welwitschia mirabilis and four Angiosperms (Magnolia grandiflora, Pisum sativum, Glycine max and Cucurbita moschata) were used in a serological investigation The immunological tests demonstrate the heterogeneity of Gnetopsida and indicate discriminative correlations of Welwitschia, Gnetum and Ephedra to the examined Angiosperms