Public Policy and Administration Research 

About: Public Policy and Administration Research is an academic journal published by International Institute for Science, Technology and Education. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Government & Politics. It has an ISSN identifier of 2224-5731. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 967 publications have been published receiving 2575 citations.

The Styles of Leadership: A Critical Review

Abstract: Leadership is a personal relationship in which one person directs, coordinates and supervises other in the performance of a common task The social contract of leadership is viewed as a myth that functions to reinforce existing social believes and structure about the necessity of hierarchy and leaders in organization Leadership seems to be a matter of aligning people towards common goals and empowering them to take the actions needed to reach them The ability to influence a individuals/group towards the achievement of common goals

Effects of Corporate Governance on Financial Performance of Listed Insurance Firms in Kenya

Abstract: The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Corporate Governance on the financial performance of listed insurance companies in Kenya. Specifically, this study examined board size, board composition, CEO duality and leverage and how they affect the financial performance of listed insurance Companies in Kenya. Firm performance was measured using Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). This study adopted a descriptive research design. The study population was all those insurance Companies which were quoted on the Nairobi Securities Exchange as at December 2012. The primary data were collected through the administration of questionnaires to the staff in these listed insurance firms. Stratified random sampling technique was used to obtain the sample staff for the purpose of administering questionnaires. Secondary data were collected using documentary information from Company annual accounts for the period 2007 to 2011. Reliability test was carried out using Cronbach’s alpha model. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Data was analyzed using a multiple linear regression model. The study found that a strong relationship exist between the Corporate Governance practices under study and the firms’ financial performance. Board size was found to negatively affect the financial performance of insurance companies listed at the NSE. There was a positive relationship between board composition and firm financial performance. However, the most critical aspect of board composition was the experience, skills and expertise of the board members as opposed to whether they were executive or non executive directors. Similarly, leverage was found to positively affect financial performance of insurance firms listed at the NSE. On CEO duality, the study found that separation of the role of CEO and Chair positively influenced the financial performance of listed insurance firms. Keywords: Corporate Governance, Insurance firms, Financial Performance

Why Do Public Sector Organizations Fail In Implementation Of Strategic Plan In Pakistan

Abstract: Public sector organizations have best strategic policies but results of all organization are not rewarding in accordance to long term objectives Implementation of the strategic plan is more important than formulation; otherwise it is nothing except well documented pieces of paper in the organization The purpose of study is to explore and confirm the effective factors of failure of the strategic plan implementation in public sector organizations in Pakistan The study has been conducted on purely public sector organizations of the Twin City (Islamabad and Rawalpindi) For this study close ended Questionnaire are distributed among sample organizations After the review of literature and experts opinion the study identified 16 factors of failure Then by using the explorative and confirmative factor analysis these dimensions have been categorized into main four factors The results these four factors are contextual dimensions (089), content dimensions (062), structural dimensions (0730) and operational dimensions (095) Key Words: Strategy, Strategy Implementation, Failure of Strategy Implementation, Public Sector Organization and Factor Analysis

The Impact of Capital Market and Economic Growth in Nigeria.

Abstract: The Nigerian capital market has witnessed obvious transformation over the years, evident by the increased level of participation of the private and public investors at the floor of the stock exchange and in various public offers of quoted companies. The emerging market has also attracted and embraced the attention and the interest of international investors, thus increasing capital inflow. The overall market capitalisation had risen from 1,698.1 million naira in 1980 to 7030.8 billion naira in 2009, thus signifying an increase within the period. Transaction at the floor of NSE has risen to a total of 685716.2 million naira in 2009 from a previous value of 16.6m recorded in 1970. From the result obtained, capital market has positive and significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The capital market variables captured in the model such as market capitalization, number of deals and value of transactions were all positive and significant in promoting economic growth in Nigeria. It is important that the government should implement policies that will make the market more efficient and re-position it for growth within the Nigerian economy. Keywords: Capital Market, Economic Growth, Stock Exchange, Market Capitalisation.

Doctors’ Opinion Papers in Long-term Care Need Certification in Japan: Comparison between Clinic and Advanced Treatment Hospital Settings

Abstract: The Doctor’s Opinion Paper (DOP) in long-term care insurance addresses the patient’s chronic conditions of daily life. It is expected to be written by a doctor who knows the patient well. However, DOPs are sometimes written by doctors at advanced treatment hospitals (ATHs) who might not know the patient well. Japanese government is promoting functional differentiation of medical care. We discuss appropriateness that specialists of ATH who have to provide a higher medical care take on a role to write DOP which addresses the patient’s chronic conditions of daily life. The purpose of this study is to compare DOPs completed by clinic doctors with those completed by ATH doctors, in order to examine who should write a DOP. Data: The DOPs which were used at the Care Need Certification Committee meeting held in March 2012 in Tokyo. Subjects: 403 DOPs for patients aged 65 or older. Results indicated that DOPs written by doctors in ATHs included less information than DOPs written by doctors in clinics. We need to discuss who would be appropriate doctors to write DOPs and how to educate older adults to choose the right health care facility and their doctors for their health condition. Keywords: Doctor’s opinion paper, certification of need for long-term care, long-term care insurance, advanced treatment hospital, clinic, family doctor, Japan