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Showing papers in "Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad in 2022"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The first record for 7 species of biting midges for the state of Tabasco (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is presented and a key and an updated list for the known species of Culicoides Latreille, 1809 is provided.
Abstract: The first record for 7 species of biting midges for the state of Tabasco (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is here presented. We collected 355 specimens using CDC light traps in rural areas, as part of the entomological surveillance by the local Ministry of Health in October 2019. New distribution records of the following species are included: Forcipomyia stylifer (Lutz, 1913), Culicoides blantoni Vargas & Wirth, 1955, Culicoides foxi Ortiz, 1950, Culicoides leopoldoi Ortiz, 1951, Culicoides jamaicensis Edwards, 1922, Culicoides poikilonotus Macfie, 1948 and Stilobezzia coquilletti Kieffer, 1917; and new locality records for Culicoides gabaldoni Ortiz, 1954, Culicoides insignis Lutz, 1913, Culicoides paraensis (Goeldi, 1905) and Stilobezzia kiefferi Lane, 1947. The distribution record of Culicoides dicrourus Wirth & Blanton, 1955 from Mexico is confirmed. A key and an updated list for the known species of Culicoides Latreille, 1809 from the state of Tabasco is also provided.

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The taxonómica-geográfica-taxónomica for the estado de Hidalgo, Mexico, is presented in this paper , where 4,267 especies and the patrones biogeóficos that ellas presentan indicate concordancia con esquemas de regionalización propuestos.
Abstract: La sistematización de los datos taxonómico-geográficos contenidos en las colecciones científicas ha permitido generar bases de datos florísticos que enriquecen substancialmente el conocimiento sobre la diversidad vegetal y complementan lo reportado en las publicaciones científicas. Sin embargo, pocos trabajos se han enfocado en evaluar el grado de contribución de ambas fuentes de información (bases de datos y publicaciones) al conocimiento florístico de una región. Aquí se reúne la información florística-taxónomica para el estado de Hidalgo, México proveniente de esas fuentes electrónicas y bibliográficas y se evalúa su importancia en la elaboración de un catálogo de la flora del estado y en el análisis de los patrones biogeográficos. La información taxonómica-geográfica pasó por un proceso de limpieza y curación exhaustivo; para el análisis de distribución se dividió el estado en celdas de 15 minutos de latitud y longitud, donde se evaluó la riqueza de especies (diversidad alfa) y las similitudes florísticas entre ellas. Se reportan 4,267 especies y los patrones biogeográficos que ellas presentan indican concordancia con esquemas de regionalización propuestos.

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors presented an unprecedented effort to assess the diversity of rocky infralittoral decapod Brachyura and Anomura from the Laje de Santos Marine State Park, a preserved and protected area along the southeastern Brazilian coast.
Abstract: This study represents an unprecedented effort to assess the diversity of rocky infralittoral decapod Brachyura and Anomura from the Laje de Santos Marine State Park, a preserved and protected area along the southeastern Brazilian coast. The samples were carried out quarterly for one year, using the combination of artificial refuge substrate for the passive capture of specimens and SCUBA dive for active capture. Specimens sampled were deposited in the Crustacean Collection of the Department of Biology of FFCLRP, University of São Paulo. The abundance and richness is expressive considering the dimension of the area with a total of 987 individuals distributed into 32 species, 22 genera, and 11 families. The hermit crab Pagurus brevidactylus and the crab Mithraculus forceps were the most abundant species of Anomura and Brachyura, respectively. This is the first study focused on carcinofauna inhabiting the park on and we encourage future works focused in the monitoring of species as well as the construction of new robust checklists contents from different offshore regions in order to build biodiversity parameters to serve as baseline for future management and work plans on Brazilian protected areas since decapod crustaceans are key group on fauna composition in any subtidal ecosystem.

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The phylogenetic relationships and genetic structure of deer mice subspecies that have not had their systematic placement tested with genetic data are analyzed and it is inferred that P. mexicanus is paraphyletic, with P. totontepecus more closely related to P. gymnotis than toP.
Abstract: Although deer mice (Peromyscus spp.) are among the most studied small mammals, their species diversity and phylogenetic relationships remain unclear. The lack of taxonomic clarity is mainly due to a conservative morphology and because some taxa are rare, have restricted distributions, or are poorly sampled. One taxon, P. mexicanus, includes southern Mexican subspecies that have not had their systematic placement tested with genetic data. We analyzed the phylogenetic relationships and genetic structure of P. mexicanus populations using sequences of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. We inferred that P. mexicanus is paraphyletic, with P. m. teapensis, P. m. tehuantepecus, andP. m. totontepecus more closely related to P. gymnotis than to P. m. mexicanus. This highly divergent clade ranges from northeastern Oaxaca to northern Chiapas, including southern Veracruz, and southern Tabasco. In light of this group’s mitochondrial distinctiveness, cohesive geographic range, and previously reported molecular, biochemical, and morphological differences, we recommend it be treated as P. totontepecus. Our findings demonstrate the need for an improved understanding of the diversity and evolutionary history of these common and abundant members of North American small mammal communities.

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a priorización for the conservación of the anfibios of Mexico was presented, and five categorías for the especies puedan be reevaluadas constantemente determinando their prioridad.
Abstract: En México, uno de los principales mecanismos para preservar la biodiversidad son las áreas naturales protegidas (ANP). No obstante, para poder implementar acciones eficaces de conservación, es indispensable saber qué especies habitan en las ANP (gubernamentales y privadas), y en qué categoría de riesgo se encuentran. Utilizando las áreas de distribución y categorización de la UICN, la NOM-059 y la serie VI de vegetación y uso de suelo, planteamos una priorización para la conservación de los anfibios de México. Proponemos 5 categorías para que las especies puedan ser reevaluadas constantemente determinando su prioridad: 1) especies que no están en ninguna ANP y que tienen 100% del área modificada; 2) especies que no están en ninguna ANP, y que tienen entre 70 y 99% del área modificada; 3) especies microendémicas que no están en ninguna ANP, sin importar la cantidad de área modificada; 4) especies microendémicas que están en una ANP y que entre tienen entre 70 y 99% de área modificada; y finalmente, 5) especies que no están en ninguna ANP, sin importar la cantidad de área modificada.

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , a través de un muestreo con punto cuadrante, se registraron 4 especies de pinos (Pinus montezumae, P. patula, pseudostrobus and P. strobus) and 4 of Dendroctonus (D. aproximatus, D. mexicanus and D. valens).
Abstract: México tiene la mayor diversidad global de especies de pinos y poco se sabe sobre la interacción Pinus-Dendroctonus. Nuestras preguntas fueron: 1) ¿Qué especies de Dendroctonus se pueden recolectar en trampas con atrayentes generalistas en un bosque mixto de pinos? 2) ¿Es diferente la presencia de Dendroctonus entre especies de pinos y sus clases de tamaño diamétrico? 3) ¿Cuáles son los valores de importancia ecológica relativos (VIE) de las especies de pinos? A través de un muestreo con punto cuadrante, se registraron 4 especies de pinos (Pinus montezumae, P. patula, P. pseudostrobus y P. strobus) y con el uso de trampas, 4 de Dendroctonus (D. adjunctus, D. aproximatus, D. mexicanus y D. valens). Hubo diferencias significativas en el número de Dendroctonus entre categorías diamétricas y especies de pinos. La presencia de Dendroctonus fue mayor en diámetros más grandes, con excepción de P. strobus. Pinus montezumae tuvo la mayor cantidad de individuos con presencia de Dendroctonus, pero a nivel de población, P. patula tuvo la mayor proporción de individuos con Dendroctonus (29.4%). El VIE más alto fue para P. montezumae. Sugerimos, mantener monitoreo de Dendroctonus en P. montezumae y P. patula, debido a su valor económico en la región de estudio.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new snake species of the genus Rena is described from northern Jalisco, Mexico, which represents an isolated member of the R. dulcis group in the extreme southwest Mesa Central of the country.
Abstract: A new snake species of the genus Rena is described from northern Jalisco, Mexico. The new species represents an isolated member of the R. dulcis group in the extreme southwest Mesa Central of the country. We redefine the R. dulcis and R. humilis groups within the genus Rena . The status of the other species allocated to these groups is discussed.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , twenty three new records of Mastogloia taxa collected from several thalli of red and brown macroalgae are added to the epiphytic diatom floristics of the Revillagigedo Archipelago, summing a total of 51 Mastoglaia taxA. The list includes 8 new records for Mexican waters, although no new taxa for this genus were found.
Abstract: Certain diatom species, mainly those that are conspicuous within an assemblage, may constitute useful references while addressing various ecological and biogeographical issues. This may well be the case with Mastogloia species which are frequently the most diverse diatom taxa in benthic marine assemblages from warm seas. Twenty three new records of Mastogloia taxa collected from several thalli of red and brown macroalgae are here added to the epiphytic diatom floristics of the Revillagigedo Archipelago, summing a total of 51 Mastogloia taxa. Most conspicuous forms were frequent, and several taxa seemed to dominate the assemblages, e.g., Mastogloia binotata, M. cocconeiformis, M. cuneata, M. fimbriata, M. inaequalis, M. ovum-paschale, and M. punctatissima, as well as others recorded earlier. Of the new records, M. asperuloides, M. graciloides, M. peragalloi, and M. mauritiana also appeared frequently. The list includes 8 new records for Mexican waters, although no new taxa for this genus were found. However, because of the few macroalgae thalli inspected, it is expected that further inspection of surfaces of other species of macroalgae, and other substrates, will increase the species richness of Mastogloia recorded for the archipelago.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mite infection indices and coinfections of Rhinonyssidae and Ereynetidae mites in this Columbidae species are recorded and for the first time T. columbae and Trispeleognathus striatus parasitizing C. livia in Brazil are recorded.
Abstract: This study aims to record mites associated with the respiratory system of Columba livia Gmelin, 1789, including data of parasitological indices and of coinfections in southern Brazil. Two hundred and two specimens of C. livia were collected in the urban area in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state, Brazil. Fifty-six (27.7%) birds were parasitized by Rhinonyssidae and Ereynetidae mites. Tinaminyssus columbae (Crossley, 1950) and Tinaminyssus melloi (Castro, 1948) (Rhinonyssidae) were found in nasal cavities and tracheae of the birds. Trispeleognathus striatus (Crossley, 1952) (Ereynetidae) was found in hosts’ nasal cavities. The prevalence of Rhinonyssidae mites (25.2%) was significantly higher than obtained for Ereynetidae (5.9%). Coinfections only occurred in nasal cavities of 8 (3.96%) birds. This study records for the first time T. columbae and Trispeleognathus striatus parasitizing C. livia in Brazil. In addition, mite infection indices and coinfections of Rhinonyssidae and Ereynetidae mites in this Columbidae species are recorded.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors present redescriptions and new records of A. (H.) singularis from Quintana Roo and A.(H.) hamatus from Puebla and Guerrero.
Abstract: Ptychoid mites from Mexico are diverse, represented by 60 species of 17 genera. Data includes 6 genera and 21 species of the family Steganacaridae. Currently 5 species of the genus Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) are recorded in the country. Herein we present redescriptions and new records of A. (H.) singularis from Quintana Roo and A. (H.) hamatus from Puebla and Guerrero. New records for the country are given and a brief discussion on distribution is presented. A key to all the known species of Atropacarus (Hoplophorella) in Mexico is given.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , aves del complejo volcánico de Colima de Chile were investigated, and aves' diversity, migración, and recambio taxonómico determinísticos, as well as their actividad VOLCANICA, gradiente altitudinal and tipos de vegetación were investigated.
Abstract: Los procesos ecológicos determinísticos son fundamentales en la estructuración del ensamblaje de aves del complejo volcánico de Colima, el cual destaca por su alto endemismo, migración y recambio taxonómico, además por su actividad volcánica, gradiente altitudinal y tipos de vegetación. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir la diversidad de aves del complejo volcánico de Colima y los mecanismos ecológicos y biogeográficos que estructuran su composición, a partir de datos de incidencia y variables ambientales. Los resultados muestran que el riesgo volcánico, la altitud y la orientación cardinal son las variables explicativas de los patrones de riqueza. Se registraron 397 especies de las cuales 248 (62.5%) son residentes, 149 (37.5%) son migratorias y 89 (22.4%) tienen alguna categoría de endemismo. Existe una alta disimilitud (βSOR = 0.907), causada por un alto recambio de especies (βSIM = 0.749). La afinidad biogeográfica mejor representada es el dominio mesoamericano con 41-47% de las especies residentes. Se concluye que los procesos ecológicos y biogeográficos son los que estructuran a la avifauna regional y se provee un primer acercamiento a la comprensión de la actividad volcánica como un mecanismo activo en la dinámica biológica regional.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors analyzed the abundancia relativa and the variabilidad morfológica of 4 especies and 1 varied género Aulacoseira (Bacillariophyceae) in sedimentos lacustres provenientes of lagos with diferent características climáticas, morfométricas, fisicoquímicas, and nivel trófico.
Abstract: Se analizaron la abundancia relativa y la variabilidad morfológica de 4 especies y 1 variedad del género Aulacoseira (Bacillariophyceae) en sedimentos lacustres provenientes de lagos con diferentes características climáticas, morfométricas, fisicoquímicas y nivel trófico. Las afinidades ecológicas se investigaron a través del método de promedios ponderados y análisis de correspondencia canónica. Los resultados señalaron al gradiente de temperatura, salinidad y de nivel trófico como las principales variables que determinan la distribución de los taxones. Las especies del género tuvieron una distribución en aguas con pH circumneutrales levemente alcalinos y salinidades bajas. Aulacoseira granulata tuvo la mayor frecuencia de presencia y tolerancia por salinidades un poco más elevadas, A. ambigua alcanzó las abundancias relativas más altas, A. nivaloides se distingue por su afinidad a agua fría, de baja salinidad y bajo nivel trófico. Aulacoseira ambigua, A. granulata y A. granulata var. angustissima se distribuyen en ambientes de agua dulce, mesoeutróficos y A. pusilla tiene una afinidad por agua más turbia y con nivel más alto de fósforo. Este estudio aporta información sobre la variabilidad biológica y distribución ecológica de las especies dentro del género en lagos del centro de México.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Thirteen species of the genus Pheidole are endemic to the country and 7 are new state records, while Seventeen morphospecies could not be identified to species level.
Abstract: A list of 35 species of the genus Pheidole distributed in the state of Puebla, Mexico is provided, based on literature reports and specimens from regional collections, and complemented with diagnoses, distributional, biological, and taxonomic comments. Pheidole hirtula Creighton, 1958 is synonymized under Pheidole obtusospinosa Pergande 1896, because both names are considered to represent extremes of the normal intraspecific variation of a single species. Thirteen species are endemic to the country and 7 are new state records. Seventeen morphospecies could not be identified to species level.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The conocimiento actual de la taxonomía de avispas gallícolas de encinos (Cynipini) en México, as well as todas las menciones posteriores y nuevos datos a partir del estudio de agallas de recolectas esporádicas realizadas in los últimos 10 años as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract: Se resume el conocimiento actual de la taxonomía de las avispas gallícolas de encinos (Cynipini) en México. Se exponen todas las referencias de las especies descritas en México, así como todas las menciones posteriores y nuevos datos a partir del estudio de agallas de recolectas esporádicas realizadas en los últimos 10 años. Este conocimiento ha sido organizado en forma de catálogo estado por estado. En total se contabilizan 205 especies en 24 de los 30 estados mexicanos que presentan encinos, algunas de ellas se citan por primera vez en algunos estados, contabilizando 161 registros nuevos para un total de 16 estados. Para cada especie se proporcionan los datos de distribución y hospedador, incluyendo el trabajo donde se menciona por vez primera a la especie, la página de referencia y el lugar de recolección. De los 21 géneros de avispas gallícolas en encinos presentes en México, Andricus Hartig es el más ampliamente distribuido, con 37 especies. La Ciudad de México y Zacatecas son los territorios con más especies citadas, 48 y 40 respectivamente. En lo que se refiere a los hospedadores, todos pertenecen al género Quercus, contemplando 66 especies repartidas en 4 secciones: Quercus, Lobatae, Protobalanus y Virentes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the densidad de individuos, el patrón de distribución espacial, the estructura de edades, su asociación con nodrizas and extracción de corteza de A. adstringens in 10 localidades de México, mediante 4 unidades of 30 × 40 m in cada sitio.
Abstract: El cuachalalate (Amphipterygium adstringens) es una especie endémica del bosque tropical caducifolio mexicano, su corteza tiene gran importancia en la medicina tradicional, sin embargo, las características de sus poblacioneshan sido poco estudiadas. Evaluamos la densidad de individuos, el patrón de distribución espacial, la estructura de edades, su asociación con nodrizas y extracción de corteza de A. adstringens en 10 localidades de México, mediante 4 unidades de muestreo de 30 × 40 m en cada sitio. Se encontraron variaciones en el tamaño poblacional con densidadespromedio de 70 a 279 individuos/ha, la distribución espacial de los individuos fue al azar en 3 localidades y agregado en 7. No se registraron plántulas, 63% de los individuos son adultos y el resto son pre-reproductivos, lo que indica poca o nula regeneración, característica de poblaciones en declive, lo que pone en riesgo a la especie. Los individuospre-reproductivos se establecen a cielo abierto y bajo otras plantas perennes, principalmente arbóreas incluyendo conespecíficos, posiblemente debido al patrón de dispersión de diásporas y factores tanto bióticos como abióticos. Se presentaron porcentajes bajos de extracción en los árboles de mayor talla, sugiriendo que no hay sobreexplotación de la corteza y que el uso responde al conocimiento de los pobladores.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present study aimed to describe the infective larval stage of Physaloptera sp.
Abstract: The present study aimed to describe the infective larval stage of Physaloptera sp. parasitizing Leptodactylus macrosternum and the microscopic lesions of these larvae in the stomach wall. Forty-five specimens of L. macrosternum were collected during the rainy season in May 2018, in the municipality of Petrolina, sub-middle São Francisco region, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Twenty-seven infective larval stage (L3) specimens of Physaloptera sp. were collected attached in the stomach mucosa of 11 specimens (24.4%) of L. macrosternum. No other larval stages (L4) or adult of Physaloptera was found among the necropsied hosts. The stomach’s L3 attachment site showed macroscopic and histological lesions such as hyperaemic and ulcerated sites, mucous tunic necrotic regions, and inflammatory infiltrate eosinophilic. This is the first morphological study of Physaloptera infective larvae parasitizing L. macrosternum, and the first record of this paratenic host in the Caatinga biome. Additionally, it is also the first histopathological study of lesions caused by infective larvae of Physaloptera in this host species.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This is the first complete compilation of the Cercopidae recorded for Mexico, with 39 described species, 1 subspecies and 1 undescribed, belonging to 10 genera.
Abstract: The Cercopidae family constitute the largest group of xylem sap-sucking insects. Several species are important pests of sugar cane and grasses. In America there are 460 species and 65 subspecies in 60 genera. In Mexico, the total number of species is unknown and there is no inventory of specimens in the collections or taxonomic keys. In the present research, we study entomological collections to trace the distribution of genera and species and constructed taxonomic keys for their identification, based on external morphology and male genitalia. The Cercopidae of the country included 3 recognized tribes, Neaenini Fennah, 1968, Ischnorhinini Schmidt, 1920 and Tomaspidini Schmidt, 1922, in addition to the recently proposed Microsarganini Hamilton, 2016. We reported 39 described species, 1 subspecies and 1 undescribed, belonging to 10 genera. The most diverse genera were Ocoaxo Fennah with 16 species and Prosapia Fennah with 8. Aeneolamia Fennah includes 3 species and 1 subspecies, Iphirhina Fennah and Neaenus Fowler 3 species each, Microsargane Fowler and Olcotomaspis Lallemand 2 species each, and Mahanarva Distant, Huaina Fennah and Zulia Fennah 1 species each. This is the first complete compilation of the Cercopidae recorded for Mexico.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors determined and compared species richness and abundance of weevils from leaf litter of oak forests from three isolated sierras with different disturbance regimes in the state of Querétaro, Mexico.
Abstract: The objectives were to determine and compare species richness and abundance of weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from leaf litter of oak forests from three isolated sierras with different disturbance regimes in the state of Querétaro, Mexico. A total of 1099 weevils were collected from 639 litter samples with total weevil densities averaging 1.72 + 1.31 individuals per 0.5 m2. Nineteen genera and 49 total species were recorded with an estimated richness of 69.23 (Chao 1). All weevil genera have been previously reported from cloud forests of southern Mexico, and most species (88%) represented undescribed taxa. Less than 25% of the species were shared among the three sites. The differences in species richness and abundance between plots with different disturbance regimes were most marked in the most diverse site, Pinal de Amoles, whereas richness at the other two sites were similar, although significant higher abundance was found in the forested site of San Joaquín. Results indicate that leaf litter weevil communities in oak forests of central Mexico are similar in taxonomic composition and diversity to cloud forests from southern Mexico and that even small, moderately disturbed fragments of these forests may be sufficient to maintain their populations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Por medio de la fumigación de 2 especies arbóreas con piretrinas naturales en la selva tropical húmeda de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico, se obtuvieron 6 species del género Scapheremaeus, one of ellas es una especie nueva for la ciencia con caracteres especializados a la vida arborícola que se describe aquí as mentioned in this paper .
Abstract: Por medio de la fumigación de 2 especies arbóreas con piretrinas naturales en la selva tropical húmeda de Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, se obtuvieron 6 especies del género Scapheremaeus, una de ellas es una especie nueva para la ciencia con caracteres especializados a la vida arbórea que se describe aquí. Con los caracteres diferenciales de la especie nueva (menos de 300 µ, notogáster piriforme muy ancho; prodorso con carinas lamelares bien desarrolladas, sin translamela; con 7 pares de sedas notogástricas claviformes, fórmula genito-anal 4-1-1-2; patas muy cortas y tridáctilas), se modifica la diagnosis genérica y se discuten las adaptaciones morfológicas para la vida arborícola. Adicionalmente, se incluye una clave para las especies de México y Centroamérica y se proporcionan registros nuevos para la localidad.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the diet and morphological variation associated with locomotion (disc) and feeding (Meckel's cartilage and teeth) of 9 species of batomorphs were analyzed to assess trophic diversity, size, and sexual dimorphism.
Abstract: Bathomorphi is a diverse lineage, accounting for more than half of the chondrichthyan diversity. Yet, more than 12.3% of the species are in the “deficient data” category of the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, indicating a gap in the knowledge of this group. In the present study, the diet and morphological variation associated with locomotion (disc) and feeding (Meckel’s cartilage and teeth) of 9 species of batomorphs were analyzed to assess trophic and morphological diversity, size, and sexual dimorphism. Comparative phylogenetic methods were used to determine the evolutionary relationship between variables. According to our results, the species selected showed a wide and intricate morphological variation. Sexual dimorphism was mainly observed in tooth morphology, where males tended to have more pointed teeth than females. Disc allometry was recorded for most species; small specimens presented a longer snout than larger specimens. Only the Meckel’s cartilage was related to the diet of the species. However, the morphological variation of the disc, Meckel’s cartilage, and teeth of the batomorphs were correlated through the evolution of the group and responded to functional patterns such as swimming and feeding, which finally, determined the ecology of the species.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors compare the elements that integrate the female reproductive apparatus among Dendroctonus species, clarify their nomenclature and evaluate their interspecific variation to propose useful characteristics for their identification.
Abstract: In most members of the genus Dendroctonus, the usefulness of the spermatheca for taxonomic purposes has not been evaluated in depth; therefore, the aim of this study is to describe and compare the elements that integrate the female reproductive apparatus among Dendroctonus species, clarify their nomenclature and evaluate their interspecific variation to propose useful characteristics for their identification. In addition, we evaluated whether there is a structure between the shape of the receptacle and the phylogenetic relatedness of the species. The spermatheca consists of a sperm duct, a receptacle, and a gland; of these elements, the receptacle is the most taxonomically informative structure. The most closely related species of the D. frontalis complex show wide intraspecific variation in the shape and size of this structure, which precludes recognition of diagnostic features. However, there are differences among species groups in both shape and size in less closely related species such as D. approximatus, D. mexicanus, D. micans, D. parallelocollis and D. rhizophagus. A phylogenetic signal was detected in receptacle shape, and patterns of morphological similarity and phylogenetic relatedness of species were evident in the D. frontalis complex.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors confirmed the presence of Lontra longicaudis in Laguna Bacalar by conducting interviews with residents, and the search for direct (sightings) and indirect (e.g., footprints) evidence of the species in 2013.
Abstract: The Neotropical otter Lontra longicaudis is one of the least studied mammals of the Yucatán Peninsula and its presence in some water bodies of this region is questionable. Laguna Bacalar is the largest freshwater body located in the Yucatán Peninsula and faces several conservation problems due to its high potential for tourism development. We confirmed the presence of L. longicaudis in Laguna Bacalar by conducting interviews with residents, and the search for direct (sightings) and indirect (e.g., footprints) evidence of the species in 2013. We also include recent direct and indirect evidence (2019-2020). We classified the records into levels of certainty, according to the type of evidence (photographs, videos). We obtained 9 records of Neotropical otter through interviews (level 3), 3 sightings and 4 footprints (level 1), and 4 sightings (3 of these with level 2 and 1 with level 3 of certainty). It is necessary to increase the research effort to determine the conservation status and distribution of the Neotropical otter in the lagoon. We recommend making efforts in terms of socialization and education to facilitate the conservation of the Neotropical otters and their habitat in Laguna Bacalar.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The distribution of the exotic species Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) in Mexico, combining data from natural history collections, social media and citizen science, was discussed in this article.
Abstract: In the present study we discuss the distribution of the exotic species Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) in Mexico, combining data from natural history collections, social media and citizen science. The oriental latrine blow fly is recorded for the first time in 16 Mexican states. Additionally, we provide an easy-to-follow guide to compare this species with similar looking species recorded from Mexico to help with its identification.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the authors report que in México A. auricula-judae, A. mesenterica, and A. tenuis are complejos of A. scissa.
Abstract: Anteriormente, se asumía que las especies del género Auricularia eran cosmopolitas por ser saprobias. Ahora se sabe que las 2 especies más citadas en el mundo, A. auricula-judae y A. mesenterica, son complejos de especies y no están distribuidas en América. Los estudios en México sobre el género basados en morfología, hasta antes de este trabajo, reconocían un total de 10 especies: A. auricula-judae, A. cornea, A. delicata, A. fuscosuccinea, A. mesenterica, A. nigricans, A. peltata, A. polytricha, A. tenuis y A. tremellosa. Este estudio se basó en la revisión de materiales de los herbarios más representativos de México y en análisis filogenéticos de la región ITS del ADNr para comparar con otros estudios alrededor del mundo. Los resultados indican que en México se distribuyen 8 especies: se confirman los reportes de A. cornea, A. fuscosuccinea, A. nigricans y A. tremellosa, y se registran por primera vez para México A. americana, A. angiospermarum, A. brasiliana y A. scissa. En contraste, no pudimos comprobar la presencia en México de A. auricula-judae, A. delicata, A. mesenterica, A. peltata, A. polytricha y A. tenuis.

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TL;DR: In this article , a transecto of 10 km in the ríos Ayuquila-Armería and Marabasco, en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, was used for recolectar heces during the periodos seco y lluvioso de 2018.
Abstract: La introducción de especies exóticas es la segunda causa de pérdida de biodiversidad a nivel mundial. La nutria neotropical (Lontra longicaudis) es considerada uno de los depredadores tope de los ambientes acuáticos, por lo que su presencia ejerce un control natural sobre otras poblaciones animales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir los hábitos alimenticios de la nutria y documentar el consumo de especies de peces exóticos. Se establecieron 4 transectos de 10 km en los ríos Ayuquila-Armería y Marabasco, en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra de Manantlán, para recolectarheces, durante los periodos seco y lluvioso de 2018. En el laboratorio, las heces se lavaron, se tamizaron y se secaron en un horno a 70 °C por 24 h, tras lo cual se separaron e identificaron las partes consumidas. Se recolectaron 101 heces en el río Ayuquila-Armería y 93 en el Marabasco. El 80% de la alimentación está compuesta por peces y crustáceos, mientras que el 20% restante incluye insectos, mamíferos, reptiles, anfibios, aves, moluscos y materia vegetal. Se identificaron 16 especies de peces consumidos, de los cuales 5 son exóticos. La nutria neotropical presentauna alimentación oportunista y generalista, basada principalmente en el consumo de peces y crustáceos.

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TL;DR: In this paper , the epibionts observed on the shells of chitons are described and a relationship between the size of the shells and the percentage of algal cover is found.
Abstract: Chiton articulatus, a mollusk endemic to the Mexican Pacific, is a species whose ecological associations with the algae that colonize it are not well known. This work describes the epibionts observed on the shells of this species. We collected chitons in the rocky intertidal of 2 localities in the state of Guerrero, Mexico. Sixty-two chitons were collected that had 50 species of algae. The best represented family was Cladophoraceae with 10 species. Of the total number of specimens, 26 had epibionts whose distribution on the shell was different: 11 species on the valves, 17 on the suture, 1 on the belt, and 22 species shared in the first 2 zones. Five morphofunctional groups of algae were recognized: microscopic, filamentous, crustose, foliose and corticated filaments, with a predominance of filaments. A relationship was found between the size of the chitons and the percentage of algal cover. Studies like the present one are important due to the interaction between both organisms, since chitons offer surfaces of easy colonization for algae. Furthermore, records of species that do not commonly appear in floristic inventories can be found on these.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The work discusses the role that the different bacterial populations identified within the maize rhizosphere may play, their potential use for biotechnological purposes, and the importance of conservation of microbiological resources using bacterial collections.
Abstract: Rhizospheric microbiota diversity of crops in agroecosystems is understudied in Mexico and worldwide. The aim of the present work was to explore the diversity of culturable bacteria in maize fields. A bacterial collection consisting of 11,520 purified isolates was created from the rhizosphere of maize plants. Genomic DNA was obtained from each isolate and a region of 16S rDNA was sequenced. The 16S rDNA amplicon sequences were analyzed and grouped into Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), allowing the assemblage of 7,077 bacterial isolates into 185 non-singleton OTUs. OTUs belonged to 19 bacterial genera within Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes Phyla; with Firmicutes as the richest Phylum comprising 146 OTUs and 6 genera, and being Bacillus the richest genus. The soil core-community of 28 OTUs belonging to Firmicutes and 1 OTU from Proteobacteria was identified. The work discusses the role that the different bacterial populations identified within the maize rhizosphere may play, their potential use for biotechnological purposes, and the importance of conservation of microbiological resources using bacterial collections.

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TL;DR: In this paper , a study of the influence of geodiversidad on the características of the vegetación leñosa in the Geoparque Mundial de la UNESCO Mixteca Alta was presented.
Abstract: La influencia de los elementos de la geodiversidad sobre la vegetación ha sido poco analizada en la región Mixteca Alta. Por ello, el objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los elementos de geodiversidad que influyen en las características de la vegetación leñosa a escala paisajística en el Geoparque Mundial de la UNESCO Mixteca Alta. Se utilizaron 70 sitios de muestreo de 500 m2 distribuidos en 3 diferentes tipos de vegetación (encinar, pino-encino y matorral xérico). En cada sitio se inventariaron todos los árboles y arbustos > 1 m de altura. Se registraron 92 especies leñosas, incluidos 62 arbustos, 28 árboles y 1 especie de palmera del género Brahea. Los resultados indican que existe una estrecha asociación entre tipos de vegetación y especies con varios elementos de geodiversidad, principalmente temperatura, precipitación, altitud y factores de perturbación antrópica. Por otro lado, la composición florística está dominada por especies generalistas (70%), lo que sugiere una etapa sucesional secundaria y un ambiente antropizado. El conocimiento de los elementos de la geodiversidad que influyen en la vegetación leñosa en el geoparque y sus especies asociadas es adecuado para su uso en el diseño e implementación de proyectos de conservación y restauración.

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TL;DR: In el presente trabajo, the authors analyzes the data collected by Pinus spp. in colecciones entomológicas and bases of datos in línea, that permit to define el espacio geográfico donde estas especies están presentes in interacción con los ecosistemas de México, además of proporcionar el espectro alimenticio of their estado adulto, identificar the factores ambientales that
Abstract: El complejo Ocoaxo de los pinos está integrado por 3 especies (O. assimilis, O. cardonai, O. varians) que se alimentan de la savia de las acículas de Pinus spp. provocando clorosis y su eventual caída. Los crecimientos poblacionales de estos insectos han provocado la defoliación de grandes superficies de bosque en varias localidades del país, por lo cual se les ha dado el estatus de plaga, a pesar de que aún se desconocen aspectos básicos de su biología y distribución. En el presente trabajo se analizaron los registros de especímenes depositados en colecciones entomológicas y bases de datos en línea, que permitieron definir el espacio geográfico donde estas especies están presentes en interacción con los ecosistemas de México, además de proporcionar el espectro alimenticio de su estado adulto, identificar los factores ambientales que potencialmente están asociados a su presencia, así como conocer el periodo en el que se encuentran a lo largo del año. Los análisis de estos datos también permitieron generar hipótesis espaciales de su distribución, estimar los límites de las áreas donde se han reportado y reconocer áreas potenciales para su monitoreo.

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TL;DR: In this article , the inventory and distribution analysis of Lamiaceae in Durango by different units, political, natural and cells of a defined area was carried out by means of 2,888 herbarium specimens representing 18 genera and 103 species.
Abstract: Mexico is one of the diversification centers of Lamiaceae, granting it a wide range of research opportunities on phytochemistry and ecological-evolutionary models, among others. Nonetheless, shortcomings on the taxonomic and biogeographic knowledge of the family compromise such opportunities, due to this, it is essential to address these gaps and to carry on botanical exploration in priority areas. The present study contributes to this by means of the inventory and distribution analysis of Lamiaceae in Durango by different units, political, natural and cells of a defined area. As a result, 2,888 herbarium specimens representing 18 genera and 103 species were examined. The general richness and number of endemic species, as well as those by cell, and the cells with higher priority by their complementarity, were concentrated along the Sierra Madre Occidental, primarily on the western and southern portions, in temperate forests and between 1,900-2,500 m in elevation. Finally, it was found that the current system of protected natural and priority areas for conservation in Durango contains a low percentage of the Lamiaceae richness and endemism; therefore, it is recommended to implement analyses with plant taxa characteristic of the different ecological affinities of Durango’s Flora to evaluate the performance of these conservation strategies and to propose complementary methods.