Showing papers in "Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities in 2017"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore what the Internet along with the cyberspace signifies to women and how they employ the Internet for their personal schedule from a socio-anthropological perspective.
Abstract: Feminism is an existential struggle to assert one's individuality—it stands for gender equality, independence and empowerment to women. The concept of feminism examines and analyzes gender identity, by way of targeting women's autonomous self-identity. If we enter into the world of cyberspace we find technology is opening up the possibility for female emancipation. Over just two decades, the Internet has worked a thorough revolution and is considered to be a great equalizer; yet, access to it is not uniformly shared. This paper explores what Internet along with the cyberspace signifies to women and how they employ the cyberspace for their personal schedule from a socio-anthropological perspective. Cyber feminism is basically involved with countering the recognized and accepted domination of men in the employment and advancement of information and communication technology (ICT) and cyberspace. The image of technology needs to change to incorporate a female view.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze the concept of professional identity of the student on the basis of participative approach and propose that professional identity is viewed as the main criterion and result of a student's successful adaption to the learning environment, professional and creative activities as well as to changing social and cultural conditions.
Abstract: It is stated that in the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan as well as throughout the world the crisis of personal identity has become a big problem due to globalization in the society and multifaceted participation of people in social processes. The article deals with the analysis of the concept of professional identity of the student on the basis of participative approach. Professional identity is viewed as the main criterion and result of the student’s successful adaption to the learning environment, professional and creative activities as well as to changing social and cultural conditions. The authors advocate for the proposition that the professional identity being the element of social and cultural identity allows students to overcome the state of anxiety, lack of confidence, tension, and dissatisfaction presenting the obstacles to the process of adaption to the changing conditions in the globalised world. The authors assume that the study of the stated phenomenon of professional identification on the theoretical and empirical levels will allow implementing innovational technologies of coherent cooperation of social and cultural environment of the higher educational institution having impact on the professional growth of students. Professional identity is presented within the framework of both individuality and group.
13 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present multiple perspectives on the trends and developments on access to higher education in India and contribute to the ongoing debate on access, equity and social justice as part of social justice demand for higher education.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to understand and present multiple perspectives on the trends and developments on access to higher education in India. It particularly aims to contribute to the ongoing debate on access, equity and social justice as part of social justice demand for higher education. Higher education institutions in India use three approaches to admit students, namely; classical – merit/elite door, social responsive – reservation door and economic responsive – financial interest door or the combination of the three, depending on their status and background such as public, private aided, private unaided. The study consulted relevant documents and literature to understand the problem, gathered empirical data through semi-closed qualitative interviews and used critical reflection and social constructivism approach to analyse and discuss the results. The findings indicate that some of the respondents support merit/elite door, some favour reservation door, some demand fair and square reservation system, some others seem to accept financial interest door, while some others support the combination of the two or the three approaches. The findings confirmed the initial assumption of the study that privatisation of higher education and the emergence of self-financing programmes and institutions have slowed down and posed new challenges to the social justice agenda. The study argues that it is important that higher educational institutions to uphold social responsiveness by embracing equity and social justice. Moreover, it is important to raise conscious about the social responsiveness of higher education among various stakeholders and accounting divergent perspectives contribute to engineer fair and just society.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors conducted a qualitative study to determine the factors and effects of alcohol abuse on the behaviour of female students at one South African university campus, Eastern Cape Province.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the factors and effects of alcohol abuse on the behaviour of female students at one South African university campus, Eastern Cape Province. This paper is underpinned by (1) alcohol myopia theory which is based on the notion that alcohol intoxication restricts information processing and (2) social exchange theory which posits that females tend to enter into sexual relationships characterized by benefits. In a qualitative study conducted, twelve Xhosa-speaking respondents, aged 18 to 24 years, were interviewed. Ethics were adhered to throughout the research process. The following themes were identified, namely; transactional sex, genderbased violence, peer-pressure, financial support, stigma and discrimination, pregnancy and abortion. The recommendations propose that the universities should have partnership with the Police Services in protecting the human rights of students and provide more residents for female students to curb cohabitation.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors applied the transitivity on the speech of Butonese folklore, but a little is known that transitivity could be applied on the folklore, as well.
Abstract: Many studies applied the transitivity on the speech, but a little is known that transitivity could be applied on the folklore, as well. As a descriptive analysis, this paper aims at describing the type of processes, participants, and circumstances; context of the situation; a way of thinking; and ideology in Butonese folklore. The findings revealed firstly that a material process dominated the data while the frequency was 51,02%. This finding indicates that the Butonese life was oriented with the action which represented the horizontal dimension. The existential process as a process with the lowest percentage,5,31%, indicates the Butonese’s understanding about themselves and their existence as a creature of God. Domination of actor that was 31.62%, is interpreted as Butonese’s character as working people. The Butonese’s principle was to give more than to take. This is proved by the use of recipient element that took the lowest place which was only 1,89%. The domination of place, circumstance, and element which was 29,83% shows harmony in the life of the Butonese with the nature. While the use of angle, viewpoint, circumstance, and element which was only 0.42%, indicates the Butonese’s belief toward magical objects or the prophecy in the view of a necromancer. Secondly, situational context covering Butonese folklore describes their belief in reincarnation. Those thoughts indicate that the Butonese have three kinds of point of view: cosmos, communal, and religious. The Butonese’s ideology was oriented with social ideology which taught people to help each other; in Butonese culture this theological ideology which was related to the spirituality of he Butonese in pre-Islamic period it was named pohamba-hamba.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a taxonomic analysis of Russian fairy tales is presented, by outlining the thirty-one functions that Propp proposed for the structural analysis of folktales and recent trends in the applicability of Proppian taxonomic model.
Abstract: Vladimir Propp (1895–1970) was a Russian folklorist who analysed the basic plot components of selected Russian fairy tales in order to identify their simplest irreducible narrative elements. His Morphology of the Folktale was published in Russian in 1928. It was only after thirty-years that most European and American scholars read it in English translation in 1958. It not only represented a breakthrough in both folkloristics and morphology by influencing folklorists, linguists, anthropologists, and literary critics, but also his analysis was applied to all types of narratives be it folklore, literature, film, television series, theatre, games, mimes, cartoon strips, advertisements, dance forms, sports commentaries, film theory, news reports, story generation and interactive drama systems etc. Many attempts at structural analyses of various folklore genres have been made throughout the world since its appearance in English translation. In this paper we look at Morphology of the Folktale, by outlining the thirty-one functions that he proposed for the structural analysis of folktales and recent trends in the applicability of Proppian taxonomic model. It is also emphasised that Propp’s taxonomic model disregards and excludes the reader and is unable to look beyond the surface structure thereby missing upon essential historical and contextual features.
6 citations
TL;DR: The analysis of different interpretations of Shakespeare's Hamlet in its text, its theatrical and cinematic forms shows that the changes depend on scriptwriters (directors), most frequent changes refer to the dialogues, time, and place.
Abstract: Canonical works like Shakespeare's Hamlet are always popular and are always in demand. However, the advancements in the stage and screen art and cinematography give way to new artistic interpretations of Hamlet with significant plot differences. Therefore, Shakespeare's Hamlet may be considered an archetype in the artistic sense with its subsequent interpretations. Relevant research methods include structuralsemiotic and structural-functional analysis, comparison and system analysis. In addition, research experiences of domestic and foreign scholars on this subject have been summarized. The analysis of different interpretations of this work in its text, its theatrical and cinematic forms shows that the changes depend on scriptwriters (directors). Most frequent changes refer to the dialogues, time, and place. All interpretations reveal the tendency to keep the emotional content of the text intact. Thus, the interpretation of Shakespeare's Hamlet is influenced by the change of time and by the cultural environment, where a new story is created. This is confirmed by comparative analysis of films by Kozintsev and Zeffirelli.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the origins of normativity in modern Russian society, and the principles of normalization process in the light of ecological linguistics, and found that normativity valuation can be defined as constructive or destructive in terms of ability to survive.
Abstract: Normative mechanisms in modern Russian society have been intensively changed, and this creates a real problem for the normalization process. The study of this problem refers to the current problems of the norm theory. The article is devoted to the investigation of normativity in the light of ecological linguistics, the origins of normativity and the principles of normativity valuation. Destabilizing factors in the development of the modern Russian language, according to the authors of the article are manipulation, verbal aggression as well as excessive foreign borrowings, slang, which displace native words of the literary language, which have a huge linguistic and cultural potential and convey important ethical concepts. Regulatory processes are being considered from the point of view of language-homeostasis that gives an opportunity to value some phenomenon as constructive or destructive one in terms of ability to survive.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the central thesis of the myth presented by Plotinus in his treatise On Love is explored, which is a narrative that divides and deploys over time structures differentiated only by their rank or powers.
Abstract: This paper explores the central thesis of the myth presented by Plotinus in his treatise On Love (III, 5 [50] 9, 24-29). Myth is a narrative that divides and deploys over time structures differentiated only by their “rank” or “powers”. First, the myth teaches, and then allows those who have understood it to “recompose” the data scattered through the discourse. The Hesiodic genealogy –Uranus, Kronos, Zeus– corresponds to the three main hypostases –the One, the Intelligence and the Soul. Likewise, the death and later dismemberment of child Dionysus symbolize the multiplicity and impassivity of sensible matter.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with subjective perception of time, or psychological time, as a textual category and a literary image, focusing on the sound images that are characteristic of different time perceptions-accelerated, decelerated and frozen.
Abstract: The article deals with subjective perception of time, or psychological time, as a textual category and a literary image. It focuses on the sound images that are characteristic of different time perceptions-accelerated, decelerated and frozen (vanished). The research is based on the hypothesis that the category of subjective perception of time expresses different concepts and is formed by means of different text categories, including those of acoustic evaluation. The authors arrive at the conclusion that linguistic means expressing acoustic evaluation, i.e. words denoting sounds and their properties, play a significant role in modeling psychological time in a literary text as they enable a reader to \"hear\" the flow of time in a character's consciousness.
6 citations
TL;DR: This article examined the representation of touchscreen technology following the release of the iPhone in 2007, comparing a Nine Inch Nails rock concert and Blackberry commercial from 2008 with Bjork's album/app Biophilia and an American Express advertisement from 2011.
Abstract: The touchscreen is something other than a boundary between real and illusory worlds, or what Anne Friedberg (2009) calls a “virtual window” (p. 96). The aesthetics of that ‘something else’ is not determined by the technology itself, but by its use in a myriad of cultural practices including how it is represented as a commodity and an experience. This article examines the representation of touchscreen technology following the release of the iPhone in 2007, comparing a Nine Inch Nails rock concert and Blackberry commercial from 2008 with Bjork’s album/app Biophilia and an American Express advertisement from 2011. Comparing these media experiences reveals a representational shift that occurs between the introduction of the touchscreen and the cultural integration of this technology just three years later. A focus on breaking through the frame of the screen shifts into screen interfaces as the building blocks for the virtual construction of “hybrid space” (De Souza e Silva, 2006).
TL;DR: The authors argue that graffiti can resist structural violence as it is shaped and exacerbated by the physical walls of city spaces, ricocheting off into alternative and on occasion more democratic modes of urban habitation.
Abstract: This article argues that contemporary street art (or graffiti) uses a unique set of resistant techniques to foreground the contours and shapes of different kinds of structural violence inscribed into, and perpetuated by, the infrastructural layouts of the twenty-first century’s increasingly global cities. Graffiti can resist structural violence as it is shaped and exacerbated by—even embedded within—the physical walls of city spaces, ricocheting off into alternative and on occasion more democratic modes of urban habitation. Through a discussion of examples from urban spaces as diverse as revolutionary Cairo, divided East Jerusalem and the West Bank in Palestine, and South African townships and gentrifying East London, the article shows that street art can transform the violent infrastructural strategies of oppressive state governance into a canvas that articulates calls for democratic and political freedom.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the way in which A.S. Pushkin's verse novel "Eugene Onegin" is presented in the modern English-speaking linguacultural space.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the way in which A.S. Pushkin’s verse novel \"Eugene Onegin\" is presented in the modern English-speaking linguacultural space. The most famous English-language verse translations by C. Johnston, J. Falen, D. Hofstadter and S. Mitchell, V. Nabokov’s prose-rhythmized translation and R. Clarke's prose translation, have been chosen as research materials. In addition to literary (interlingual) translations, the British-American adaptation of the film \"Eugene Onegin\" directed by Martha Fiennes and the translation of this film into the Russian language became the material for the analysis. The analysis of this film allowed identifying the specifics of three types of translation of Pushkin’s text – intralinguistic, interlingual and inter-semiotic ones. As a result of the conducted study, the authors have come to the conclusion that nowadays the place of the Russian poet and his main work in the Englishspeaking linguacultural space is becoming more and more noticeable and significant, while the novel \"Eugene Onegin\" acquires a status of a \"powerful text\", which forms the intertextual space around itself.
TL;DR: A Journal of Forty-Eight Hours of the Year 1945 (1835) as discussed by the authors is a post-colonial voice, engaged in the act of representation, and of interrogating colonialism much before postcolonialism took formal shape as a theoretical practice.
Abstract: This paper reads Kylas Chunder Dutt’s short fictional text A Journal of Forty-Eight Hours of the Year 1945 (1835) as a postcolonial voice, engaged in the act of representation, and of interrogating colonialism much before postcolonialism took formal shape as a theoretical practice. The text represents the injustice of subaltern oppression, and, what is more crucial, more vital, prophetically uses the word “subaltern” in its present post-modern signification. Dutt’s writing enclosed within it the inescapable multi-tensions of the Bengal-British cultural negotiation, of which it was the product, but it was simultaneously implicated in the process of indigenous identity formation and in the formulation of subaltern consciousness. The text not only suggests armed conflict as a tool of opposing colonialism, it is also prophetic in its use of the concept of the subaltern as far back as 1835about a hundred and fifty years before Subaltern Studies was formally born.
TL;DR: This paper examined the influence of national ideology on fictional history, focusing on the ways some English novelists, during the Victorian era, have reflected upon their Englishness, drawing attention to historical and cultural dimensions of Englishness.
Abstract: Historical novels are not only the legitimate progeny of a nation's becoming conscious of its own identity, they also contribute to fortify that nationalist discourse. In a sense, the very beginning of the historical novel is entwined with the emergence of a widespread consciousness about the idea of nation(-hood); nevertheless, studies of the historical novel (and its relation and contribution to national identity) have remained under-investigated. The abiding aim of the present study is thus to examine this relationship, to draw attention to historical and cultural dimensions of Englishness. The present paper examines the influence of national ideology on fictional historiography, and focuses on the ways some English novelists, during the Victorian era, have reflected upon their Englishness.
TL;DR: This article analyzed the vampiric figure Dracula as portrayed in the television series by Cole Haddon to understand the nature of identity and the socio-political constructions and constrictions that constitute the self.
Abstract: The paper aims to analyze the vampiric figure Dracula as portrayed in the television series by Cole Haddon to understand the nature of identity and the socio-political constructions and constrictions that constitute the self. An individual’s characteristics are often typecast by the projection of a ‘singular affiliation view’. Through the character of Dracula, an attempt will be made to demonstrate how ‘singular affiliation view’ can be deconstructed through ‘alternative identification’. In the process, it will also examine the agencies, such as knowledge, power, and relations that make Dracula a functioning individual who lives with the ambition to empower the self.
TL;DR: In this article, a categorical-linguistic analysis on the example of two information portrait speech genres, differing in illocutive directionalities of the message: presentation of a previously unknown person to the audience or a reminder of the well-known personality.
Abstract: The article is intended to substantiate the allocation of genre semantic-stylistic categories and to show sequentialization of the use of language means in a speech genre as a text-type. Genre category is understood as a hierarchical relationship of a composite-text technique and multilevel linguistic resources that transmit specific of the genre model meanings – communicativeness, reference, and illocution. The categories, which means form a speech genre, are the following: dialogism, illocutionary, and referentiality, which are, on the one hand, in the hierarchical relations and, on the other hand, in the relations of interaction and intersection. The means of expression of dialogism, reference and illocution can be represented in a functionalsemantic field, including the micro fields, as these meanings variably appear in speech genres. We illustrate the categorical-linguistic analysis on the example of two information portrait speech genres, differing in illocutive directionalities of the message: presentation of a previously unknown person to the audience or a reminder of the well-known personality.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with the poetic nature of binary opposition in the mythology of literature and the structural method played an important role in revealing the nature of the binary opposition.
Abstract: The article deals with the poetic nature of binary opposition in the mythology of literature. The structural method played an important role in revealing the nature of binary opposition in the structure of myth. The introduction of the article includes the theoretical significance of this method and the fact that the oppositional character of mythical worldview was the basis of dialectical development. The mythological motives and personages characterize the development of life, forming an opposition pair. The examples on the fact that oppositional pairs of mythical motives and characters constitute binary-dyadic integrity by complementing each other are represented. The controversial double forms of the dyad in mythical knowledge towards the paired phenomena and concepts is analyzed with mythical narration and concluded on the basis of scientists-mythologists’ conclusions. The nature of phenomena and concepts between the dyad Chaos-Space and the opposition life-death are regarded in literary aspect and in the framework of the cultural-historical analysis. The idea about the important role of the mythical “binary-dyadic” structure in presenting the conflictive nature of a man in the world and national literature has been formulated. Interpretation of mythological thinking in poetics is given through motive, struggle and artistic images. Interpretation of binary opposition in poetic knowledge in the structure of myth is analyzed with references to some literary works.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare two certain sections in the musical career of Bob Dylan and Kabir Suman to look at a possible ideological heredity, arguing that there is a liminal tradition in four separate lyrics by the two composers that transcends their geo-temporal boundaries.
Abstract: This paper compares two certain sections in the musical career of Bob Dylan and Kabir Suman to look at a possible ideological heredity--1963-65 | 1993-97-these two timelines had established Dylan and Suman in their iconic status. My argument is that there is a liminal tradition-in four separate lyrics by the two composers-that transcends their geo-temporal boundaries. Dylan’s four songs—“Blowin’ in the Wind”, “Tambourine Man”, “Farewell Angelina”, “All I Really Want to Do” have been spiritually translated by Suman in the early to mid 90s, when he was most productive musically. These songs, amongst others, not only established Suman as an avant garde musician but also seamlessly merged with his own vision of antiestablishment and non-belonging. Dylan was writing against the imperialist capital, Suman was writing against the parliamentary Left—they both assert the same bohemianism before proceeding towards iconic stasis. Dylan, after the 60s turns towards safer, politically inert aesthetics; Suman partially removes himself from music in favor of a fledgling political career. The bohemianism or the perennial non-conformity ends for both. What is the significance of this phase? How liminal are the lyrics divided by language, time and society?
TL;DR: In this paper, two contesting visions of Banaras and also the argument that; there can be no absolute version of truth because such deliberations not only posit a conflict within the national imagination but also creates falsifications across borders.
Abstract: Banaras has forever remained an enchanting place since millennia. If the colonial era pinned down, Banaras as an exotic site for theology and spirituality; the post-colonial era has witnessed the de-mystification process of legends and beliefs associated with Banaras. However, every time Banaras is bracketed, a new facet emerges. This paper presents two contesting visions of Banaras and also the argument that; there can be no absolute version of truth because such deliberations not just posit a conflict within the national imagination but also creates falsifications across borders. The universalized and monolithic understandings offered on Banaras from the elite metropolitan locations and through media have paved way for creation of certain stereotypes regarding Banaras in the public imagination. This in turn, has led to a shelving and obstruction to the multiple realities and unaccounted stories on Banaras. In this paper, to understand the hidden nuances of the cityscape of Banaras we have looked at Pankaj Mishra’s popular novel The Romantics along with a local boatman’s perspectives on aspects like choice of profession, their historic contribution to the city, presence of electric crematoriums, various development policies introduced by the government, and regular conflicts with the hegemonic groups to possess the ritual space.
TL;DR: In this article, text mining and data visualization results which map Cohen's lyrical vocabulary are used to understand change and continuity in Cohen's work across nearly five decades and fourteen studio albums.
Abstract: It is generally accepted that Leonard Cohen’s songwriting changed significantly in the early 1980s, due to Cohen’s choice of a Casio synthesizer over a guitar as his instrument of composition. But this explanation begs fundamental questions of how we understand change and continuity in Cohen’s work across nearly five decades and fourteen studio albums. This study draws upon text mining and data visualization results which map Cohen’s lyrical vocabulary. Based on that data, it offers a reinterpretation of the Great Divide, the presumed departure in songwriting between Cohen’s first six and last eight studio albums.
TL;DR: This article explored the significance of storytelling and the role of memory in selected works of recent American fiction of Louise Erdrich's Tracks and Toni Morrison's Beloved which speaks about the historical experience of Native Americans in dispossession and the long-term effects of slavery.
Abstract: Storytelling provides an emotional fulfillment both for the narrator and the listener. The paper aims to explore the significance of storytelling and the role of memory in selected works of recent American fiction of Louise Erdrich’s Tracks and Toni Morrison’s Beloved which speaks about the historical experience of Native Americans in dispossession and the long-term effects of slavery. In literary texts, memory often becomes a starting point for a painful therapeutic process of regeneration of one’s roots in order to survive. The painful memories of Afro-Americans and Native Americans as a result of racialized trauma are purged through storytelling and in recounting it as a collective experience between people. Storytelling brings them together engaging them collectively in the events of their lives. As the past and present often overlap with one another it enables them to retrieve their suppressed past. Retrieving the past and sharing their traumatic story gives the opportunity for recovery. Morrison and Erdrich perform the role of a storyteller in narrating the unaccounted through their text since modern communities have no access to the oral narratives of their own past. Storytelling unearths repressed memories in order to find ways of dealing with the pain they cause. Although the writings in the novels of Toni Morrison and Louise Erdrich depict two very different cultures, the Afro-American and the Native American, the trauma which damages the self in their characters is very much similar. This process of narration is essential for the survivors to come to terms with their experience. This narration ultimately creates a sort of emotional distance from the event and makes it less threatening for the characters to reflect upon. It is to be remembered that the authors make use of this technique of storytelling not just to heal the fractures of the readers in the modern psyche but also to rewrite a part of history forgotten by preserving the historical data, their cultural values and the Afro-American and Native American ideas.
TL;DR: This article explored British Orientalist construction of snake-infested India focusing on the constitution of Orientalist discourse through the real experience of the colonisers gained in course of their extensive engagement with Indian wilderness while they began to subjugate more and more areas of the subcontinent.
Abstract: This article explores British Orientalist construction of ‘snake-infested’ India focusing on the constitution of Orientalist discourse through the real experience of the colonisers gained in course of their extensive engagement with Indian wilderness while they began to subjugate more and more areas of the subcontinent. The main thrust of this article is to prove that, the Orientalist creation of the inferior image of venomous Indian snakes and the land they dwelled, as reflected in a range of nineteenth-century colonial literature, was definitely not a product fashioned through the Western interpretation of classical Indian texts; rather, this Orientalist understanding was inevitably fostered through the visible reality of livelihood in India and influenced by a traditional Christian sense of animosity towards snakes. This article, therefore, is a critique of the argument that scholastic construction of Orientalism derived only from the Western interpretation of scriptural accounts of the East.
TL;DR: In Under the Tongue, Yvonne Vera has described a traumatic event and depicts the difficulty, sometimes the impossibility, of transforming traumatic memory of the protagonist into narrative memory.
Abstract: In Under the Tongue, Yvonne Vera has described a traumatic event and depicts the difficulty, sometimes the impossibility, of transforming traumatic memory of the protagonist into narrative memory. This paper explores Vera’s attempt to present the survivor’s attempt to work through her painful memories, by articulating them in a monologue. She restructures accounts through the images picked up from the world of nature but when words come to her mind they lack sequential order to describe the extraordinary experience. The paper addresses a number of questions related to traumatic memory of a trauma survivor. This pain narrative is linked with the quest of the protagonist who struggles to come out of the state of trauma. It has been observed that in Zimbabwe the political and economic crisis went along with sexual violence against women. Through this aesthetic endeavor, Vera has protested against in-house abuse presented against the backdrop of fierce anti-colonial struggle.
TL;DR: The authors analyzes different types of space-time organization patterns in the Stream of Consciousness texts (SCT) to determine communicative equivalence in translation, which can be conveyed in a communicatively equivalent way in target languages (TLs) with the reference to different translation strategies.
Abstract: The article analyzes different types of space-time organization patterns in the Stream of Consciousness texts (SCT) to determine communicative equivalence in translation. The study focuses on two novels by J. Joyce – Ulysses and Finnegans Wake, and their German and Russian translations. The conclusion can be made that there are two types of patterns realizing stream of consciousness technique in J. Joyce’s works: SCT with space-time hyperlinearity and SCT with chaotic-cyclic dominant, which can be conveyed in a communicatively equivalent way in target languages (TLs) with the reference to different translation strategies. Literal hyperlinear equivalents prevail in translation of first type SCT (equivalents or transcribed source language (SL) lexemes), while the translation of second type SCT features hermeneutic reflection of a translator actualized in the search of the most adequate way of form generation which conveys multidimensional sense of the author’s intentions to maximum extent.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors of the Austrian novels of the turn of the 1920s-1930s when a generation of rationalist writers appeared in the literature have been studied.
Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of the motive of death in the Austrian novels of the turn of the 1920s-1930s when a generation of rationalist writers appeared in the literature. Attention is drawn to the fact that Werfel, Musil, Broch, and Canetti were originally engaged in exact sciences, production, and commerce. Therefore, the meanings of the motives of death, which were used in modernistic literature even a little theoretically, were irrelevant for them. It is pointed out that writers, while addressing the issues on human destiny, boundaries of existence, life and death, look for new solutions and often find them in connection with the motive of warning, caution. Death becomes a shock, setting new goals to the living, or an indicator of moral fall of an indifferent character. The novels included in the study material are Franz Werfel’s "Barbara or Piety" (1929), Hermann Broch’s "The Sleepwalkers" (1928-1931) and Elias Canetti’s "Auto-da-Fé" (also known as the “The Blinding”) (1931-1932). The comparative methodology allows drawing conclusions about the author's individual features of the solution of the ontological issues considered by the authors and provides the typological presentation of the functioning of the motive of death in the above-mentioned novels.
TL;DR: This article studied the reception of a popular 19 century Anglo-Indian novel, Captain Philip Meadows Taylor's Tara (1863), and argued that the present marginalization of Tara can be related to the change in the political and ideological orientation of readers.
Abstract: This article studies the reception of a popular 19 century Anglo-Indian novel, Captain Philip Meadows Taylor’s Tara (1863). This novel was once assigned a central position in the canon of Anglo-Indian novel. However, in the present age, it has been displaced from its position of eminence. This article contends that the present marginalization of Tara can be related to the change in the political and ideological orientation of readers. The ideological position of contemporary readers and critics make them approach colonial texts with a different mindset than their predecessors. This in turn affects the canon, modifying and altering it in the process. The present marginalization of Tara highlights how the changes in politics and practice of reading affect the canon formation of Anglo-Indian novels.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze how the artists reflect, challenge or write back to the text they are illustrating, and find that the four illustrators' depictions of Eve are informed by different cultural discourses and gender ideologies dominant at the time they were produced.
Abstract: In this paper, we are going to analyze how Milton's Eve has been illustrated by Fuseli, Blake, Groom and Petrina. The purpose is to see to what extent the artists reflect, challenge or write back to the text they are illustrating. This study focuses on the way the four illustrators have presented the moment of Eve's creation. Blake and Fuseli illustrated the poem at the end of the 18 and at the beginning of the 19 century. Petrina and Groom, two woman artists, illustrated Paradise Lost in 1930s. The four illustrators' depictions of Eve are informed by different cultural discourses and gender ideologies dominant at the time they were produced.
TL;DR: In this article, a quantitative approach to mapping out and examining Benjamin Franklin's writing of his memoirs is presented. But it does so by situating the memoirs in the context of Franklin's other and indeed primary writing activities: his participation in various correspondence networks.
Abstract: This study offers a quantitative approach to mapping out and examining Benjamin Franklin’s writing of his memoirs. It does so by situating the memoirs in the context of Franklin’s other and indeed primary writing activities: his participation in various correspondence networks. Both drawing upon and differing from previous scholarship, this study ascribes key aspects of the memoirs less to intentional design and literary craft, and more to Franklin’s writing habits and cognitive style as manifested over his career. This study further argues for a reconsideration of how Jane Mecom and William Franklin influenced the memoirs.