Showing papers in "Sarsia in 1961"
TL;DR: More than 260 specimens of fish, belonging to 64 species, have been searched for nematode parasites and 9 species of fish were found to be free of nematodes.
Abstract: The present paper deals with nematode parasites from some Norwegian marine fishes. The major part of the material was collected personally from fishes caught in the fjords near Bergen and Tromso; the minor part of the material was obtained from the zoological museums in Oslo and Bergen and from other sources. 260 specimens of fish, belonging to 64 species, have been searched for nematode parasites. 9 species of fish were found to be free of nematodes.
373 citations
TL;DR: The morphological characters previously used in distinguishing between the species were discussed and new species-specific characters were established and fertilization, cross fertilization and development in the genus Echinus were performed.
Abstract: The biological variation in the population of the genus Echinus from the vicinity of Bergen was studied. The morphological characters previously used in distinguishing between the species were discussed and new species-specific characters were established. The number of adult hybrid animals was found to be considerable. An experimental investigation of fertilization, cross fertilization and development in the genus Echinus was performed.
28 citations
TL;DR: A pronounced difference in the spectral composition of the submarine light of the very turbid inner waters and of the ordinary coastal waters at the mouth was recorded in the Hardangerfjord in the summers of 1955 and 1956.
Abstract: Measurements of submarine light were undertaken in the Hardangerfjord (West Norway) in the summers of 1955 and 1956. Discharge of very turbid water from glacier-fed rivers during their summer floods produces very low transparency in some of the fjord branches. From the inner to the outer part of the fjord a gradual increase in transparency takes place. A pronounced difference in the spectral composition of the submarine light of the very turbid inner waters and of the ordinary coastal waters at the mouth was recorded. For glacier-fed rivers with sedimentation basins Tyndall readings demonstrated a great reduction in turbidity during the passage through the lakes.
18 citations
TL;DR: Young whiting probably profit from the protection offered by jelly-fish, probably due to the properties of their body surface, for contact with tentacles does not produce large-scale discharge of nematocysts.
Abstract: Young whiting probably profit from the protection offered by jelly-fish They feed upon plankton organisms, mainly copepods, and do not normally attack the jelly-fish, although in the aquarium they may take minced jelly-fish tissue They take Hyperia galba when offered They appear to have obtained a certain degree of immunity from the nematocysts of Cyanea This is probably due to the properties of their body surface, for contact with tentacles does not produce large-scale discharge of nematocysts
16 citations
TL;DR: Three species of Laxosomatidae from the Bergen area are described and illustrated and a key is given to those Europeanspecies of Loxosomella which have eight tentacles.
Abstract: Three species of Laxosomatidae from the Bergen area are described and illustrated: Loxosomella discopoda sp. n. found on the ophiuroid Amphilepis norvegica, L. compressa sp. n. found on the polynoid Lagisca extenuata, and L. marsypos sp. n. from tubes of Eunice pennata. A key is given to those European species of Loxosomella which have eight tentacles.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the problem of obtaining an overall picture for any particular of these fjords will find that only in a very few cases, and then mostly for a restricted field only, will he have some success.
Abstract: The fjords and the archipelago outside are characteristic features of the Norwegian coast and have aroused a lively interest among Norwegian naturalists. A very great number of observations have been made in various fields and in different fjords. Studies have been made on the geology, hydrography, hydrochemistry, submarine light, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos algae, benthos fauna, fish population and fisheries. For obvious reasons the Oslofjord has been studied most extensively. For this fjord alone a bibliography on marine biological papers would contain more than 100 numbers. Otherwise, the great number of the fjords has led to a scattering of efforts and anyone attempting to obtain an overall picture for any particular of these fjords will find that only in a very few cases, and then mostly for a restricted field only, will he have some success. This situation, so familiar to any Norwegian oceanographer, was brought up for discussion at the annual meeting of the Association of Norwegian...
13 citations
TL;DR: The growth rate was higher in western Norway than in northern Norway, but no decrease in the growth rate with increasing latitude was found for 0-group coalfish from the stations in northern Norwegian.
Abstract: Coalfish, Pollachiu3 virens (L.), of the 0-group have been collected in North- and West-Norwegian waters for a study of growth and food. The growth rate was higher in western Norway than in northern Norway, but no decrease in the growth rate with increasing latitude was found for 0-group coalfish from the stations in northern Norway. Measurements from the Sunnhordland-Hardanger area indicated a higher growth rate in the inner part of the area. A diurnal variation in the mean length of 0-group coalfish occurred in catches from Hakonsund near Bergen. The degree of fullness of the stomachs has been estimated. Copepods were the main food item, with Harpacticoida dominating at the northernmost stations, Calanoida at the others. In Hakonsund the number of larger food organisms was increasing throughout the autumn. The abundance of the different species in the stomach contents is discussed.
13 citations
TL;DR: Two species of Entoprocta, Loxosomella nordgaardi sp.
Abstract: Two species of Entoprocta, Loxosomella nordgaardi sp. nov. and L. nitschei (Vigelius) have been found in the Raunefjord near Bergen. Both species are described and illustrated.
12 citations
TL;DR: Experiments in which oocytes were inseminated with heterologous spermatozoa showed that Qocytes are susceptible to the same species of sperm, as are the ripe eggs.
Abstract: Experiments in which oocytes were inseminated with heterologous spermatozoa showed that Qocytes are susceptible to the same species of sperm, as are the ripe eggs. Immediately after the spermatozoon has entered an egg or an oocyte, material appearing dark in the phase contrast microscope is ejected from the maternal nucleus; a ring-shaped corona is formed around the nucleus. No aster formation takes place in oocytes which have not yet developed the cortical reaction.
9 citations
TL;DR: Embryos ready to hatch from an ovigerous female of Pasiphaea multidentata were dissected and it is shown that they resemble the small larvae above.
Abstract: Pasiphaeid larvae collected in the Korsfjord, western Norway, were found to split up into two groups. Mainly two characteristics separated the larvae viz. the size of the larvae and the number of telson spines. The group with small larvae (8 to 10 mm) and the larger number of telson spines is referred to Pasiphaea multidentata and that with large larvae (10 to 12 mm) and fewer telson spines to Pasiphaea tarda. Embryos ready to hatch from an ovigerous female of Pasiphaea multidentata were dissected and it is shown that they resemble the small larvae above.
8 citations
TL;DR: Observations on the horizontal distribution and relative abundance of 22 species of common Bryozoa of western Norway and some factors influencing the horizontal and vertical distribution of the bryozoans in the area are briefly discussed.
Abstract: Observations on the horizontal distribution and relative abundance of 22 species of common Bryozoa of western Norway are presented. The vertical distribution of these and their occurrence on the different faces of the test blocks are given. Some factors influencing the horizontal and vertical distribution of the bryozoans in the area are briefly discussed in the light of recent observations.
TL;DR: A new species (Mesaiokeras nanseni) of bottom-living calanoid is described and made the type of a new genus and family, showing affinities with the Amphascandria and the Isokerandria.
Abstract: A new species (Mesaiokeras nanseni) of bottom-living calanoid is described and figured. It is made the type of a new genus and family, showing affinities with the Amphascandria and the Isokerandria. The validity of the latter sections is discussed.
TL;DR: In 1883 Foslie described Laminaria cucullata which included Le Jolis' L. digitata f.
Abstract: In 1883 Foslie described Laminaria cucullata which included Le Jolis' L. digitata f. cucullata and f. ovata. In another paper published in 1884 he described L. intermedia, which in addition to L. cucullata included types which he referred to a special form L. intermedia f. longipes. Foslie (1884) gave the following description of L. intermedia:
TL;DR: An intensified search for Pog onophora in deep-sea collections has proved that these animals really are widely distributed in deep water, but new dredgings have shown that Pogonophora also occur in rather shallow water.
Abstract: In the last twelve years Russian zoologists have recorded a number of very interesting discoveries of Pogonophora, mainly from the north-western Pacific, but one species from the Polar Sea. These discoveries have aroused great interest in this remarkable group. Since all species had been found in the deep sea the Pogonophora could be supposed to have a much wider distribution than the records indicated, the more so as most species are extremely slender with hair-like tubes which are likely to b? overlooked or mistaken, for plant fibres, hairs etc. In fact an intensified search for Pogonophora in deep-sea collections has proved that these animals really are widely distributed in deep water. But new dredgings have shown that Pogonophora also occur in rather shallow water. Thus Kirkegaard (1956a, b) found Pogonophora in the Galathea collections from Indonesia as well as from the Gulf of Panama. Jagersten (1956, 1957) described a new species, Siboglinum ekmani from old collections from about 500 m in...
TL;DR: No species of the genus was ever recorded from the North Sea area, and Zimmer (1932) did not even include it in his survey of the group m “Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee”.
Abstract: Although several species of the genus Stylocheiron occur in the warmer part of the Atlantic and three species, viz. S. longicorne G. O. Sars, S. maximum H. J. Hansen, and S. elongatum G. O. Sars have occasionally been obtained up to the area south of Iceland, there exists only one record confirming that they ever enter the Norwegian Sea. This refers to one male specimen of S. maximum reported even as far to the north as the Murman Coast by Boldovskij (1937). All species are almost exclusively confined to the open sea outside the continental shelves, at least this is the case in the North Atlantic. No species of the genus was ever recorded from the North Sea area, and Zimmer (1932) did not even include it in his survey of the group m “Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee”.
TL;DR: According to Petersen, who separated the two species, C. lamarcki lives in localities with a salinity of 5 to 250/00, and the lowest salinity, at which it has been found in the Baltic, is 4.5 to 50/00.
Abstract: Cardium lamarcki Reeve, earlier considered a variety of C. edule L., is a brackish water species, known from Danish waters (Petersen, 1958), the Baltic Sea (Petersen, 1958 and Koli, 1959) and Holland (Jutting, 1943). According to Petersen, who separated the two species, C. lamarcki lives in localities with a salinity of 5 to 250/00. The lowest salinity, at which it has been found in the Baltic, is 4.5 to 50/00 (Koli, 1961). Therefore it does not live at the inner end of the Gulf of Finland or in the Bothnian Bay.
TL;DR: The Diptera of the intertidal zone of the rocky shores on some islands near the Biological Station of Espegrend (Bergen) has been studied for the first time.
Abstract: In July 1960, staying at the Biological Station of Espegrend (Bergen), I had the opportunity to study the Diptera of the intertidal zone of the rocky shores on some islands near the station.
TL;DR: Pirimela denticulata Montagu was first found in Norwegian waters by M. Sars (1853) and it is not known whether this record is based on the same specimens as Sar's described, or if it represents a new record for the species.
Abstract: Pirimela denticulata Montagu was first found in Norwegian waters by M. Sars (185.3). The exact locality and the number of specimens are not known: Sabs gives only “Bergenskysten, 10–20 fathoms, rare”. G. O. Sars (1383, p. 39) gives Manger as locality for his father's specimens. Koren (1857, p. 92) records it in a list of animals occurring between 10 and 30 fathoms. His dredgings were made in the Korsfjord and the Herdlafjord in the vicinity of Bergen. It is not known whether this record is based on the same specimens as Sars (1853) described, or if it represents a new record for the species. The same applies to the record of Lilljeborg (1852), who gives either Bergen or Kristiansund N. as locality, and it is not possible to decide from his text exactly from where he got his specimens. I believe that Lilljeborg refers to the same specimen(s) as Sars (1853). None of the specimens on which these records are based is in the museums in Oslo or Bergen.
TL;DR: Da es im Mittelmeere zwei Varietaten von Psammechinus microtuberculatus, univalens mit diploid 18, bivalens with diploids 36 Chromosomen geben soll, wurde der nordische nahe Verwandte, Psam mechinus miliaris gepruft.
Abstract: Der Verf. stellte fest, dass der sehr kleine (bis 13 mm Lange) mediterrane Seeigel Genocidaris maculata diploid nur 16 Chromosomen hat wahrend alle anderen untersuchten Echinoidea dipioid 32–52, am haufigsten 36 Chromosomen besitzen. Es wurde daher der ebenfalls sehr kleine (bis 15 mm Lange) irregulare Seeigel Echinocyamus pusillus untersucht. Es ergab sich, dass er diploid 36 Chromosomen hat. Da es im Mittelmeere zwei Varietaten von Psammechinus microtuberculatus, univalens mit diploid 18, bivalens mit diploid 36 Chromosomen geben soll, wurde der nordische nahe Verwandte, Psammechinus miliaris gepruft. Es wurden stets diploid 36 Chromosomen gefunden.