Showing papers in "World Development in 1984"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the underlying principles of aid allocation, and particularly the balance of motivations as between the needs of recipient countries and the interests of donor countries, and identify the relative importance of the various donor interests among donors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the relative merits of two alternative open development strategies (i.e., export-led industrialization and agricultural demand-driven industrialization) by means of several simulation experiments.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors surveyed a diverse literature to see what economic and political questions have been raised which have a bearing on the issue of grower welfare, and some possible directions and methodologies for systematic comparative studies are suggested.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify some of the unsettled questions related to anti-poverty strategies, such as who is to determine basic needs, what is the purpose of participation, what form should it take, how does a right to participate relate to the political/administrative structures necessary for efficient implementation of the basic needs approach, and how the relationship between the redistribution approach to development and the basic need approach requires fundamental systemic change, or is it a palliative?

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the impact of education on efficiency of three major crops, including wheat, and found no evidence that education's effects should be attributed to family background correlates or to a measure we had of ability.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present fieldwork data from Nairobi which is totally at variance with this view and suggest that the provision of low-income shelter is now a commercial activity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the sources of economic stagnation in sub-Saharan Africa during the 1970s and identified particular policy variables which seem to have been most significant in determining growth outcomes.

TL;DR: The authors suggests that the most important feature distinguishing foreign aid in the 1970s from earlier programmes was the proliferation of donors and projects, which is having a negative impact on the major government institutions of developing nations.

TL;DR: This paper examined the factors affecting political leaders' commitment to stabilization measures and the responses of key interest groups and the public at large to those measures, including partial compensation, persuasion, diversion or obfuscation, and containment of protest.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors attempt to trace the development, accomplishments and limitations of the community development, integrated rural development and basic needs approaches, and attempt to identify the major challenges of these approaches.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed policy responses to external shocks of the 1973-76 and 1979-81 periods in developing economies, grouped according to the level of industrialization and the policies applied and showed that outward-oriented economies relied largely on export promotion and import substitution to offset the balance-of-payments effects of external shocks.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the nature and effectiveness of formal channels for encouraging community action and participation among low-income groups in Bogota (Colombia), Mexico City (Mexico) and Valencia (Venezuela).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors test their hypothesis that the pattern of growth and distribution in the Kenyan smallholder sector is best understood rather as being the outcome of the complex interaction of rural factor market failure and urban labour market participation.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identified alternative ways used by Third World firms to solve these coordination problems, and policy implications suggested, as well as alternative ways to solve the coordination problems.

TL;DR: In this paper, a Dutch-disease type of model is developed to analyze the relationship between coffee prices, money creation and competitiveness in the short and long run, and the results support the hypothesis that there has been a positive relationship between the price of coffee and money creation in Colombia.

TL;DR: Many strands of recent theoretical analyses have been brought to bear on the analysis of these problems, ranging from the simple competitive model to the esoteric theory of core, from the tricky Coase theorem of property rights to the intricate theory of portfolio behaviour, the principal-agent formulation and recent advances from the economics of information as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that it has been the strong South Korean developmentalist state in firm control of both domestic and foreign capital and its export-oriented industrialization policies that have been the principal determinant of the pattern of income distribution.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine levels of direct community involvement in improving irregular settlements and argue that the extent and form of community participation is shaped less by local or settlement conditions than by government needs and policies.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the evolution of Brazilian capital-goods exports in terms of technological learning within the sector and government policy, but emphasizing the former, identifying relevant learning processes for eventual introduction into export-behaviour equations or as a basis for theoretical models.

TL;DR: For example, the authors found that economic ability to improve matters less than willingness which, in turn, is inspired by access to water and sewerage systems, and that the earlier that infrastructure is installed, the faster will housing conditions in general improve.

TL;DR: In this paper, five of the most common mechanisms used by governments to obscure their security-related outlays: double bookkeeping, use of extra-budgetary accounts, highly aggregated budget categories, military assistance and governmental manipulation of foreign exchange.

TL;DR: This article argued that the overvaluation of the Paraguayan currency, combined with extensive smuggling, undermined incentives for investment in manufacturing and deprived the government of revenues needed to finance infrastructure for sustained economic growth and development.

TL;DR: The authors trace the progress of the methodology; explain how widely varying poverty estimates have come about; and draw some tentative conclusions about the extent and pattern of absolute poverty in India today using Indian material as an example.

TL;DR: This article reviewed images of urbanization that have been held by academics and activists, including revolutionary leaders, with the aim of determining how well suited are our data and theories for assessing the relationship between urbanization and political stability.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate the impact of economic changes on the living conditions of the populations of Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama and Venezuela based on household data and are limited to those aspects of household living conditions that can be observed through the variables included in labour surveys.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide empirical evidence supporting the existence of an over-time relationship between inflation and price variability for 23 Latin American countries, by employing a novel measure of price instability based on price expectations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the income transfer properties of food aid in order to shed light on the inputs necessary to ensure a contribution to equitable growth, particularly with reference to the alleviation of poverty and malnutrition.

TL;DR: In this article, the impact of recessionary conditions in Chile on a particularly vulnerable age group, namely children and the young, was analyzed, and the success of these programmes in counteracting the negative effects of the recession.

TL;DR: In this paper, a critique of the traditional neoclassical theory as a tool for analysing commodity markets, and suggests that a viable theory needs to be developed from the concept of market power, as expressed in the relative bargaining strengths of transnational corporations active in the commodity production and trade of developing countries, and of the governments and business interests of host countries.