Showing papers in "Yunnan Forestry Science and Technology in 2004"

Changes of Leaf Relative Water Content, Relative Plasma Membrane Permeability and Proline Content of Seedlings of Three Species under Drought Stress

Abstract: Taking the seedlings of Dodonaea viscosa, Leucaena leucophala and Tephrosia candida as experimental materials, through drought stress treatment on pot seedlings with watering treatment group as control, the changes of leaf relative water content, relative plasma membrane permeability and proline content under drought stress were studied. The study results showed that the drought stress treatment brought about the change on leaf relative water content, relative plasma membrane permeability and proline content of all the three species, those kinds of changes differed from extend and procedure. Through comprehensive analysis of these three physical characters and natural performance of the seedlings, it was concluded that the drought resistant ability of these three species decreased in order of Dodonaea viscosa, Leucaena leucophalaand Tephrosia candida.

Taxonomy of Mycorrhizal Fungi of Orchid Plants and Symbiosis Nutritional Relationship between Fungi and Plants

Abstract: The research of taxonomy of mycorrhizal fungi of orchid plants and the symbiosis nutritional relationship between the fungi and orchid plants was reviewed.

Cultivation Experiment of Wild Medicinal Plant Acorus tatarinowii

Abstract: Using wild seedlings as planting materials, the cultivation of Acorus tatarinowii was studied through experiments of planting density, application of basal manure and top dressing. Through analyzing the experimental results, it was found that there were significant or most significant difference on the crown width growth of Acorus tatarinowii plants between different planting density, different fertilization treatments, and the interaction between planting density and fertilization. The experimental results showed that adopting the planting density of 60 cm×60 cm, using basal manure, and top dressing with 50g/m~(3) urea every two months, the optimum cultivation effect could be achieved.

Geological Dividing of Forests at Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas

Abstract: Based on the principles of landscape ecology, mountain science and system science, after analyzing the physiognomy, water and heat environment, the rule of change of forest vegetation; the rationale, foundation and subdivision system for forest geological dividing of Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas were proposed. According to the subdivision system of three levels of forest zone, forest region and forest plot, the forests at Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas were subdivided into three zones, nine regions and 22 plots.

Study of Anser indicus Behavior in Late Winter of Lashi Lake

Abstract: From Feb.18, 2004 to Mar.14, 2004, using the method of instantaneous scanning, the behavior of Anser indicus living through winter at Lashi lake was recorded and studied. The results showed that Anser indicus usually flied away from the roosting area at 7:30 am, and came back from the main activity area at 7:30 pm. Compared with the early observing stage(Feb.18 to 25), the Anser indicus left the roosting area around 20 minutes earlier and came back 10 to 25 minutes later at the late stage of observing(Mar.7 to 13).Anser indicus like group behavior either in foraging or in roosting, and commonly lived with other birds such as Tadorna ferruginea. Anser indicus immigration to the north began at the early days of March, most immigration occurred in middle March. The time arrangement of different activities of Anser indicus in late winter were as follows, 35.01 % of foraging, 34.95 % of resting, 13.88 % of vigilance, 8.35 % of moving, 6.77 % of feather maintenance, 0.63 % of drinking and (0.41 %) of social activities. The research results also showed that the time arrangement of Anser indicus inhabited in continent was different from those inhabited in water environment. The main behavior of Anser indicus lived in continent was foraging with 47 % of time, while that of the Anser indicus lived in water environment was resting with 46 % of time. This verified that Anser indicus mainly got their food from land. Within a day, Anser indicus had different peek time for different behaviors, 9:00 am to 10:00 am and 5:30 pm to 7:15 pm was the peek time for foraging and vigilance, the peek time for resting, moving and feather maintenance were 2:00 pm to 5:00 pm, 10:30 am to 12:30 pm and 2:30 pm to 5:00 pm respectively.

Fertilization effect and Application of Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System in Container System Seedling Raising of Pinus tabulaeformis

Abstract: The experiments on fertilization of Pinus tabulaeformis container seedling were carried out by setting different fertilizer categories and applied grads. Nutrition was diagnosed on one year old seedling through DRIS. The results showed that the second and third level of N fertilizer, namely 0.22 ～ 0.43 g/1 000g medium was good for the height growth of seedlings, the second and third level of P fertilizer, namely 1.0～2.0g/1000g medium was also good for the seedling's height growth. The important parameters of DRIS on one year old Pinus tabulaeformis were N / P? N /K?K/P, their optimum value were 5.792 1, 1.267 3 and 4.723 8 respectively.

Assessment and Classification of Biodiversity Hot Spots of West China

Abstract: Assessment and classification of biodiversity hot spots of west China is a basic work in the construction of nature reserve at west China. The west China was classified into 35 landscape regions through relevant study. The grades of biodiversity hot spots located at different landscape regions were assessed through comprehensive index method. The landscape region of 10 graded one biodiversity hot spots were identified, which provided the planning and construction of nature reserve at west China with a basis.

Change of Soil Water Content and Light of Several Plantations at Loess Plateau Semi-arid Area and Its Effect on Forest Stand

Abstract: The soil water content and light under forest of seventeen years old Robinia pseudoacacia plantation of four planting density (1.5 m×2 m, 1.5 m×4 m, 1.5 m×6 m, 1.5 m×8 m), ulmus pumila plantation of two planting density (1.5 m 3 m, 1.5 m 5 m) and Pinus tabulaeformis plantation of two planting density (1.5 m×3 m, 1.5 m×5 m) at Loess Plateau Semi-arid Area of Shanxi province were observed and determined. Studies were conducted on the growth of trees in different forest stand, the species and their number of undergrowth, and the growth and development of undergrowth. The results showed that within the forest with low planting density and big nutrition space the soil water content and light decreased with the increasing of planting density. Within the stand of Robinia pseudoacacia, as the planting density increase, the phenomenon of dry soil emerges as that occurred in mature plantation in arid and semi-arid areas. The abundance ratio and species diversity also decreased. The species gradually change from mesophyte such as Convolvulus arvensis and Themeda minor to typical xerophyte such as Artemisia sacrorum, Lespedeza dahurica and Adiantam capiuarisveneris. The average soil water content of two planting density Pinus tabulaeformis plantation were lower than other stands, which interpreted that the micro-environment, forest tree growth and development of undergrowth varied with the type of stand and planting density. In constructing plantation in semi-arid areas, the species should be selected based on bio-ecological characteristics and growth conditions. The planting should not be too dense so as to increase the productivity and stability of stand, and to prevent the occurrence of soil drought.

Contents of Anti-cancer Active Components in Plant of Taxus yunnanensis

Abstract: Taxus yunnanensis is the major species for producing anti-cancer medicine taxol in China. According to the determination data of taxol,10-Deacety-BaccatinⅢ and BaccatinⅢ on samples of Taxus yunnanensis plants,and the determination data of Taxus yunnanensis was compared with other species of Taxus.The analysis and comparison results showed that Taxus yunnanensis is a species with high content of those three components.The taxol content of bark of Taxus yunnanensis trees from natural forests is around 0.02 %,with the highest percentage of 0.030 4 %. The average content in small branch and leaf is 0.010 2 % and with the highest percentage of 0.021 7 %.The content of Baccatin is high up to 0.080 8 % and 0.084 5 % in bark and small branch leaf respectively. Furthermore,the content of active components in plants from plantation does not decreased sharply.The taxol content in root of Taxus yunnanensis plant from plantation is 0.042 1 % ～ 0.046 0 %,the content of Baccatin is high up to 0.103 %.The content of different active components in Taxus yunnanensis plant all attained the high level of world famous raw material tree species,Taxus madia and Taxus bauata.There are significant different between the active component contents between different samples, the differences varies from several times up to 17 times. Following three reasons might cause this kind of difference,1)Genetic difference;2)Difference in ecological environment;3)Difference in managing, storing, analyzing and determining.It is promising to heighten the contents of active components by improving from these three aspects.

Management Technology of Medicinal Material Plantation of Taxus yunnanensis

Abstract: Experiments on Planting and management technology of Taxus yunnanensis were generally summarized, the result shows that the Taxus yunnanensis grow well in shady, humid and fertile conditions, and adapt to a wide range of temperature. The planting area was suggested to expand. According to the analysis of experiments, the best climate and soil condition is that the yearly rainfall is over 1 500 mm, the evaporation is blow 0.8,the thickness of black soil horizon is over 20cm, the soil is sandy loam or light loam, the altitude is from 1 300 to 2 200 m, warm weather. Management technology is summarized as propagation by cutting, planting in high density and making use of the seedlings. Cutting survive rate is 89.56% in greenhouse, and growth volume is 15000 to 32250 kg/hm2 in four years. some planting technology such as Nursery construction, seedling updating and artificial community were summarized and discussed. The growth volume and content of pacilitaxel were also reported in this paper.

Flora Analysis of Seed Plants in Nuozadu Nature Reserve

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the composition of genera and families, generic distribution patterns, species endemic to china of seed plants in Nuozadu Nature Reserve, the characters of the flora was concluded as: (1) the plant species are very abundant; (2) geography elements are complex and diversiform; (3) tropical distribution is the dominant element; (4) It belongs to Asian plant flora; (5) it is the north-edge tropical flora type; (6) types endemic to china are not prominent.

Soil Degradation of Eucalyptus Plantation and Cause Analysis

Abstract: The soil degradation of Eucalyptus plantation was evaluated from water status, nutrition status and the integrated effect of plantation on water and fertility. Using biodiversity as the key factor, the biodiversity characteristics of both above ground and soil parts of Eucalyptus plantation were analyzed, the reasons for low biodiversity of Eucalyptus plantation were explored as well. Three measures for preventing soil degradation of Eucalyptus plantation were proposed.

Preliminary Exploration on Genetic Improvement Strategy of Populus yunnanensis

Abstract: Populus yunnanensis is endemism of southwest China. It is also an unwonted Populus specie in China or even in the world, which distributes in low latitude but high altitude area. For the study on the genetic improvement of this specie is almost a blank by far in China, the approach of its genetic improvement is synthetically explored. According to the resource characters and present researching situation, and based on the successful experience Populus genetic improvement other countries, the normal breeding and the modern biotechnology are suggested to integrate a high efficiency and reasonable genetic improvement strategy of the Populus yunnanensis.

Exploration on Tree Species Selection for the Forest Rehabilitation Project

Abstract: Forest rehabilitation project is a policy of our country, which will improve the ecological environment and supervise the land resource. In order to make the farmers who participant in this project get a high income and make sure the arable land is really returned to forest, the key thing is to select the right silvicultural trees. For the sake of developing the economic of mountainous area and improving the ecological environment, selecting silvicultural trees, six principles should be complied: the appropriate species for the appropriate site, considering local species first, attaching importance to not only economic benefit but also ecological benefit, selecting different species for different purpose, integrating multiplicate species of trees, shrubs and grasses into a system, offering food and habitat for the wild life. Based on getting benefit not by getting timber, but making use of the flowers, fruits, seeds, buds, leaves and branches, more than 30 species such as Prinsepia utilis were suggested as silvicutural trees for the forest rehabilitation in yunnan province.

Study of Soil and Water Conservation Effect of Main Plant Groups at Phosphorite Mining Areas in Watershed of Fuxian Lake

Abstract: Through studying the soil and water maintaining effects of eight types plant communities at phosphorite mining areas in the watershed of Fuxian Lake, the resistance and control capability of different plant communities towards run-off and soil erosion were explored. The communities with promising soil and water conservation capability were screened out. The study results showed that the resistance and control capability of bamboo forests and Alnus nepalensis were promising, and could be used at the early communities for the soil and water conservation of these areas. As far as the serious soil and water loss areas such as barren meadow and waste mine residue plot were concerned, owning to the serious soil and water loss and abject ability for resisting erosion, afforestation and closing the mountains to accelerate the natural regeneration of woodlands should be adopted. The soil erosion control capability of the forests of Pinus yunnanensis, Pinus armandii,Eucalyptus and shrub were somewhat lower than that of bamboo forest and Alnus nepalensis.

Study on Vegetative Types and Environment Status of Baihai Wetland Reserve

Abstract: Baihai wetland of Tengchong county belongs to floating Carexswamp wetland, with abundant vegetative types and high biodiversity. Owing to overmuch reclamation and deforestation, added by the invasion of undesirable species, the habitat of Baihai wetland has changed a lot, the function of eco-system was declined and the biodiversity seriously lost. Through investigating and studying the vegetation resource and environment of Baihai wetland, the vegetative types and environment of Baihai wetland were analyzed, and some strategies for protection were proposed.

Study of Physiological Characteristics of Ancient Tree in Jietai Temple and Tanzhe Temple of Beijing

Abstract: Some physiological parameters such as tree temperature, content of chlorophyll, content of mineral elements in both leaves and soil of Wolong pine, Zizai pine, Baota pine, Huodong pine (ancient tress of Pinus tabulaefrmis), Jiulong pine (ancient tree of Pinus bungeana) and Suoluo tree (ancient trees of Aesculus chinensis) were measured The results of measuration were compared with that of 40 years old normally growing trees of the same species Three conclusions were drawn as follows: (1) There was correlation between senescence extend and the tree temperature, the more senile the tree was, the higher tree temperature it had;( 2) The chlorophyll content of old tree was lower than that of the controls; (3) Element deficiency was obviously observed in senile trees