Journal ArticleDOI
Averaging filter circuits for signal recovery applications
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TLDR
In this paper, the optimum filter for improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNO) in a commonly encountered signal recovery situation is the ideal averaging filter, and approximate approximation to the averaging filter response, with averaging times between 1 ms and 100 s, are realized by RC active networks having some novel properties.Abstract:
The optimum filter for improving the signal-to-noise ratio in a commonly encountered signal recovery situation is the ideal averaging filter. Approximants to the averaging filter response, with averaging times between 1 ms and 100 s, are realised by RC active networks having some novel properties. The use of these filters in place of the first-order low-pass filter leads to an improvement in the measurement rate by a factor of two or greater.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The status of Johnson noise thermometry
D. R. White,R Galleano,A Actis,H Brixy,M. J. de Groot,J. F. Dubbeldam,A L Reesink,F Edler,H Sakurai,R L Shepard,John Gallop +10 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the foundations of Johnson noise thermometry and the various techniques that have been employed to measure temperature via Johnson noise, focusing on key developments in noise thermometers for metrological applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
A sensitive nuclear quadrupole resonance spectrometer for 2-60 MHz
TL;DR: In this article, the design, construction and performance of a continuous-wave spectrometer for use at temperatures between 77K and 80 degrees C was described, and the continuous tuning range with a single coil is 2.5:1 and the resolution is a few PPM.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variance in the Mean of a Sequence of Partially Correlated Measurements
J F Clare,D R White +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the variance in the mean of a sequence of partially correlated measurements is obtained in terms of the transfer function for a system whose input is a steady signal plus white noise.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new infra-red gas analyser and portable photosynthesis meter.
TL;DR: The new infra-red gas analyser for measurement of CO2 concentration described uses a focussed, dual optical path and is fully portable and has been used intensively in the field for two summers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optimisation of the response time of averaging filters
TL;DR: In this paper, an ideal smoothing filter was derived for the measurement of steady or slowly varying signals in the presence of unwanted noise, and a third-order optimised filter provided almost three times the measuring rate of a simple first-order low-pass network.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The ideal averaging filter: its applications and realizations
TL;DR: In this article, the optimum filter for improving the signal/noise ratio in a commonly-encountered instrumentation situation is the ideal averaging filter, and various ways of realizing the ideal response are discussed and rational approximants of order 1 to 6 are given.
Journal ArticleDOI
Filter for continuous averaging
I Balslev,E Hougs +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an analogue circuit producing a continuous average of an input signal over a preset time period is proposed, which offers certain advantages compared with both passive RC filters and periodic integrators in a case of strip chart recording in scanning experiments.