Proceedings ArticleDOI
Concept of Operations for Advanced Interval Management Applications in an Arrival Metering Environment
TLDR
This paper describes Advanced Interval Management (A-IM) Operations planned to be available in the United States National Airspace System in the next decade in terms of expected benefits; enabling avionics capabilities; controller and flight crew roles and responsibilities; and integration touchpoints between ground systems such as en route and terminal metering platforms.Abstract:
This paper describes Advanced Interval Management (A-IM) Operations planned to be available in the United States National Airspace System in the next decade. The focus is on a class of applications termed Interval Management Arrivals and Approaches with Time-Based Metering Setup. These are summarized in terms of: expected benefits; enabling avionics capabilities; controller and flight crew roles and responsibilities; and integration touchpoints between ground systems such as en route and terminal metering platforms. Sample scenarios illustrating selected applications are included.read more
Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
Controller Initiation and Monitoring of a Relative Spacing Task During Parallel Runway Operations
TL;DR: A Human-In-The-Loop simulation experiment examined the acceptability and feasibility of IM PA initiation and monitoring tasks in the terminal area, and suggested given the appropriate tools and training, the IM PA longitudinal and lateral separation monitoring task should be acceptable, and controllers can initiate the operation.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
4D Trajectory Based Operations — Speed Control Interoperability
TL;DR: This paper proposes to resolve the observed issue by updating the RTA / TOAC standards to allow treatment of the published speed constraints consistent with the FIM standards.
References
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Concept of Operations for Interval Management Arrivals and Approach
Daniel S. Hicok,Bryan E. Barmore +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of interval management operations is described that begin in en route airspace and continue to a termination point inside the arrival terminal area in the highly automated terminal environment that includes other arrival management tools such as arrival metering, ground-based interval management -spacing (GIM-S), and terminal sequencing and spacing (TSAS), the roles of Air Traffic and Pilots and the ground automation tools that are used by Air Traffic Controllers to enable the operations are explored.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Paired approaches to closely spaced runways: Results of pilot and ATC simulation
Abstract: Closely spaced parallel runways (CSPRs), i.e.: runways spaced less than 2500 feet and as close as 700 feet, can be used for simultaneous arrivals when visual approaches can be conducted to both of the runways. Under current procedures, when the ceiling drops below a specified level in visual meteorological conditions (VMC), instrument approaches to both runways are not permitted, essentially reducing arrival capacity by half. The paired approach (PA) procedure is designed to enable continued use of both runways, even in instrument meteorological conditions (IMC), mitigating the loss of capacity. The Federal Aviation Administration is developing this capability as part of its NextGen initiative for deployment in the mid-term time frame. In the PA procedure, Air Traffic Control (ATC) pairs eligible aircraft and places them on a final approach course with required altitude separation and within a required longitudinal tolerance. The PA application on the trailing airplane computes and displays speed commands to achieve and maintain a desired spacing goal behind the lead, protecting against potential blunder by lead, or encounter with lead wake. The system also provides alerts if the safe zone is violated. The PA application requires Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) position and velocity data from the leading aircraft and knowledge of ownship and lead planned final approach speeds (PFAS) in order to compute the interval required. This paper reports results of two real time simulations designed to assess the initial feasibility of flight crews and controllers, respectively, to conduct the tasks required by the paired approach procedure. Details of the speed guidance algorithms, displays, ATC capabilities, and ATC and flight crew procedures are provided. In both simulations, the flight environment of approaches to San Francisco International Airport was simulated to reflect the operations desired by the procedure. In the first simulation, 10 subject pilots with experience in operations at San Francisco International Airport participated in the study. In the second simulation, five controllers and supervisors from the Northern California TRACON (NCT) participated. All were experienced in the closely spaced parallel runway operations commonly used at the San Francisco International Airport (KSFO). Two controllers were current and qualified in the airspace and the rest were supervisory controllers with extensive experience in NCT operations for arrivals into KSFO. The simulation results indicated both the pilots and the controllers were able to perform the tasks expected of them for the conduct of the procedure well within acceptable workload limits. Subjective results for workload and objective results for achieved spacing and capacity are reported. The results suggest a steady state capacity of over 45 aircraft per hour should be possible with this procedure down to Category I minima. Recommendations for next steps are provided.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Modeling Uncertainty in Inter-aircraft Spacing Between the Final Approach Fix and the Runway Threshold
TL;DR: In this article, the authors quantified the total uncertainty in the spacing interval between the point at which speed guidance is discontinued and the runway threshold, taking into account uncertainties related to aircraft performance, automation systems, operating procedures, and environmental conditions.