The fungus Sclerotium rolfsii causes major economic losses in agriculture. Due to the resistance structures (sclerotia) production in soil, this pathogen is difficult to be controlled in field. Furthermore, new reports of active ingredients to control of this pathogen are scarces in literature. The objective of the present work was to verify the existence of fungitoxic activity in Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) with future potential of study to control S. rolfsii . Assays were carried out in vitro (laboratory) and in vivo (growth chamber). In vitro , sclerotia of the pathogen were placed in contact with hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves and stem of M. charantia for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. To the control, sclerotia were placed in flasks without extract. After each time, the survival of sclerotia was evaluated in specific culture medium. In vivo , the activity of the extracts was investigated preventively and curatively (application at 6 and 3 days before the planting; at the day of planting, and at 3 and 6 days after the planting), and the extracts also were applied in seed treatment to the pathosystem common bean cv. Carioquinha versus S. rolfsii . The efficacy of the extracts was evaluated by disease severity. The hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts inhibited 100% of germination of sclerotia in vitro in a period from 0-7 days. When applied at 6 and 3 days before planting, the hydroethanolic extract reduced 74% of disease severity. These results showed fungitoxic activity in bitter gourd aerial part that could be potentially studied to control of S. rolfsii , preferably applied preventively.

/pdf/atividade-fungitoxica-de-momordica-charantia-l-no-controle-1wym1vbz4g.pdf

Crop wastes as potential sources of natural medicine/cosmetic products, pesticides/insecticides, and paper products

Atividade fungitóxica de Momordica charantia L. no controle de Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

The fungi are main micro-organisms associated with seeds, may cause damages, both in the field but also post-harvest and during storage. In this last phase, deterioration can occur by the action of specific fungi, affecting their physiological quality. The use of plant extracts with antimicrobial properties are promising and environmentally friendly alternatives to replace the protection promoted by fungicide application. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of extracts of Allamanda blanchetti e

/pdf/fungos-associados-as-sementes-de-enterolobium-as5ouewcnr.pdf

FUNGOS ASSOCIADOS ÀS SEMENTES DE Enterolobium contortisiliquum: ANÁLISE DA INCIDÊNCIA, CONTROLE E EFEITOS NA QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA COM O USO DE EXTRATOS VEGETAIS FUNGI ASSOCIATED THE SEEDS OF Enterolobium contortisiliquum: ANALYSIS OF INCIDENCE, CONTROL AND EFFECTS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY WITH THE USE OF PLANT

background

Caracterização de Amphobotrys ricini, agente causal do mofo-cinzento da mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.), avaliação de genótipos, controle químico e alternativo

Avaliou-se a acao do oleo de Neem Puro (Organix®), do extrato etanolico de melao-de-sao-caetano e do inseticida quimico Decis 25EC®, em diferentes formas de aplicacao (ingestao, contato e fumigante) contra o pulgao da couve  Brevicoryne brassicae (L. 1758) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), em laboratorio. As avaliacoes de mortalidade foram realizadas em dois periodos, com 2 e 24 horas. No ensaio de tratamento da folha de couve para depois oferecer ao pulgao, o tratamento com o inseticida quimico foi o mais eficiente com mortalidade de 10,0 e 26,67%, com 2 e 24 h respectivamente. No ensaio de acao topica, os tratamentos tiveram melhor eficiencia na mortalidade, com medias de 96,67 e 90,0% para o decis e o extrato de melao-de-sao-caetano (que nao diferiram entre si), contra a mortalidade de 63,33% do extrato de nim. No terceiro ensaio nao houve efeito significativo de acao fumigante dos tratamentos, pois nao houve mortalidade significativa dos pulgoes. Desta forma, conclui-se no estudo que: a acao topica e a mais eficiente entre os tratamentos testados para o pulgao da couve e com melhor resultado apos 24 horas de exposicao dos produtos.

Efeito do óleo de Neem Puro (Organix®), do extrato etanólico de melão-de-são-caetano e do inseticida químico Decis 25EC®, em diferentes formas de aplicação contra o pulgão da couve Brevicoryne brassicae (L. 1758) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), em laboratório

Fungitoxic activity of Momordica charantia L. to control of Sclerotium rolsii Sacc. The fungus Sclerotium rolfsii causes major economic losses in agriculture. Due to the resistance structures (sclerotia) production in soil, this pathogen is difficult to be controlled in field. Furthermore, new reports of active ingredients to control of this pathogen are scarces in literature. The objective of the present work was to verify the existence of fungitoxic activity in Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) with future potential of study to control S. rolfsii . Assays were carried out in vitro (laboratory) and in vivo (growth chamber). In vitro , sclerotia of the pathogen were placed in contact with hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves and stem of M. charantia for 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. To the control, sclerotia were placed in flasks without extract. After each time, the survival of sclerotia was evaluated in specific culture medium. In vivo , the activity of the extracts was investigated preventively and curatively (application at 6 and 3 days before the planting; at the day of planting, and at 3 and 6 days after the planting), and the extracts also were applied in seed treatment to the pathosystem common bean cv. Carioquinha versus S. rolfsii . The efficacy of the extracts was evaluated by disease severity. The hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts inhibited 100% of germination of sclerotia in vitro in a period from 0-7 days. When applied at 6 and 3 days before planting, the hydroethanolic extract reduced 74% of disease severity. These results showed fungitoxic activity in bitter gourd aerial part that could be potentially studied to control of S. rolfsii , preferably applied preventively.

/pdf/sclerotium-rolfsii-sclerotium-rolfsii-2mjwjczsjf.pdf

Crop wastes as potential sources of natural medicine/cosmetic products, pesticides/insecticides, and paper products

Citations

Atividade fungitóxica de Momordica charantia L. no controle de Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.

Caracterização de Amphobotrys ricini, agente causal do mofo-cinzento da mamoneira (Ricinus communis L.), avaliação de genótipos, controle químico e alternativo

Efeito do óleo de Neem Puro (Organix®), do extrato etanólico de melão-de-são-caetano e do inseticida químico Decis 25EC®, em diferentes formas de aplicação contra o pulgão da couve Brevicoryne brassicae (L. 1758) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), em laboratório

Sclerotium rolfsii Sclerotium rolfsii