Extraction and isolation of a leukotoxin from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans with polymyxin B.
TLDR
The availability of the A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin should facilitate studies on its chemistry and mode of action as well as its role in the pathogenesis of human periodontal disease.Abstract:
A leukotoxin from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans was isolated by a procedure that includes polymyxin B extraction, ion-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration chromatography. The procedure resulted in the recovery of 48% of the toxin with a 99-fold increase in specific activity. The isolated toxin has a molecular mass of 180,000 daltons by gel filtration and 115,000 daltons by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It retains all the major biological characteristics previously documented for crude leukotoxin preparations, including susceptibility to heat and proteolytic enzymes and neutralization by sera from patients with juvenile periodontitis. The isolated leukotoxin destroys human but not rat or guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes and has no apparent effect on human erythrocytes. The availability of the A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin should facilitate studies on its chemistry and mode of action as well as its role in the pathogenesis of human periodontal disease.read more
Citations
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Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in human periodontal disease
TL;DR: A large body of evidence implicates A. actinomycetemcomitans as an important micro-organism in the etiology of localized juvenile periodontitis including an increased prevalence of the organism in almost all localized juvenileperiodontitis patients and their families compared to other patient groups.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pore-forming cytolysins of gram-negative bacteria.
TL;DR: The genetics and biochemistry of a large, newly discovered family of calcium‐dependent, pore‐forming cytotoxins (RTX toxins) produced by different genera of the Enterobacteriaceae and Pasteurellaceae are discussed and emerging questions about the role of cytolysins in pathogenesis are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
RTX proteins: a highly diverse family secreted by a common mechanism.
Irena Linhartova,Ladislav Bumba,Jiří Mašín,Marek Basler,Radim Osicka,Jana Kamanova,Kateřina Procházková,Irena Adkins,Jana Hejnová-Holubová,Lenka Sadilkova,Jana Morova,Peter Sebo +11 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the organization of rtx loci and on the biological and biochemical activities of therein encoded proteins and discusses the so far characterized RTX family members.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural and functional relationships among the RTX toxin determinants of gram-negative bacteria.
TL;DR: The RTX (repeats in toxin) cytolytic toxins represent a family of important virulence factors that have disseminated widely among Gram-negative bacteria and are characterised by a series of glycine-rich repeat units at the C-terminal end of each protein.
References
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A study of the bacteria associated with advancing periodontitis in man
TL;DR: The microbiota of two young adult patients with generalized extensive bone loss, extensive clinical inflammation and suppuration was dominated by Bacteroides asaccharolyticus and an organism with characteristics consistent with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, while the subgingival microbiota in advanced destructive sites was predominated by Gram-negative rods.
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Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in Human Periodontal Disease: a Cross-Sectional Microbiological Investigation
TL;DR: A. actinomycetemcomitans was on average recovered in about fivefold-higher numbers from infected deep periodontal pockets than from infected normal subgingival areas.
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TL;DR: Of 190 bacterial species, subspecies, or serotypes detected among 2,723 isolates, 11 species exceeded 1% of the subgingival flora and were most closely associated with the diseased sulci and were also sufficiently frequent to be suspect agents of tissue destruction.
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Studies of the Microbiology of Periodontosis
TL;DR: The nature of the microbiota in the depths of the periodontosis pocket is investigated as a prerequisite to the understand ing of the role which microorganisms might play in this unusual clinical condition.
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Serology of oral Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and serotype distribution in human periodontal disease.
TL;DR: In subjects infected with A. actinomycetemcomitans, serum antibodies were detected to the serotype antigens, indicating that these antigen may play a role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.