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Innovation and the City
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In this article, the authors explore the "urban factors" that support innovative activity, focusing on English cities and suggest a number of different "innovation trajectories" for different city types.Abstract:
Innovation is an increasingly globalised phenomenon but the highest rates of visible innovation are found in and around cities. This paper explores the ‘urban factors’ that support innovative activity, focusing on English cities. Agglomeration economies can help explain both cities’ resilience and the characteristics of urban markets, assets, networks and institutions that help innovation to take place. A high-level explanatory framework is set out, using the concepts of ‘urban hubs’ and ‘local links’ to draw together these ideas. The framework is then explored using five case studies from the UK and abroad. The findings suggest a number of different ‘innovation trajectories’ for different city types. Innovation policymakers should pay more attention to improving urban infrastructure, skills and critical mass, and should devolve strategy-making towards pan-regional and sub-regional actors.read more
Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
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The art of innovation: How fine arts graduates contribute to innovation
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors surveyed and interviewed a host of fine arts graduates of the University of Arts London from the past several decades and found that a significant part of the innovation process revolves around 'creativity' - the ability to generate new ideas or to restructure and redeploy old ones.
Journal ArticleDOI
Urban knowledge exchange: devilish dichotomies and active intermediation
Beth Perry,Tim May +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the contexts, challenges and consequences of knowledge exchange and innovation in the context of knowledge-based urban development (KBUD), and highlight three dichotomies that produce tensions in the knowledge exchange at an urban level.
References
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Henry Etzkowitz,Loet Leydesdorff +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations is compared with alternative models for explaining the current research system in its social contexts, where the institutional layer can be considered as the retention mechanism of a developing system.
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