837,869. Welding by pressure. AERO-PROJECTS Inc. May 11, 1956, No. 14815/56. Class 83 (4). [Also in Group XXXV] In welding metal members, their contacting surfaces are urged together and through a vibratory element which engages the contacting members, there is introduced vibratory energy comprising a component in the tangent plane of the portion of the element which engages the members, the energy level being sufficient to weld the members together. The welding may take place in air, vacuo or inert atmosphere and the parts may be at room temperature or may be heated. In an embodiment the parts 3, 4, Fig. 1, are urged together between jaws 1, 2 by hydraulic, air, &c. pressure acting on the jaw 2. The lower jaw 1 is bonded in metal to metal contact to a transducer 5 formed by a stack of nickel laminations which is energized by current supplied through conductor 5a at a frequency of 59-300,000, preferably 5,000- 40,000 cycles per second. A permanent magnet or an electromagnet 24 biasing means is provided and by virtue of a tip 9 offset from the axis of the transducer a lateral vibratory component is applied to the work. The jaw 1 may be above and the-jaw 2 below the work and both jaws may be vibrated. The jaws 1, 2 may be connected to a source of electric current to effect heating of the work before and/or during the time of vibrating the members and such heating may be applied to the described modifications. In a modification a transducer 10, Fig. 3, and an electromagnet 24 are arranged at right angles to the jaw 12 urged downwards by a support 12 1 the transducer coupling member being brazed to jaw 12. A similarly arranged transducer may be applied to a lower jaw having a transducer such as that shown in Fig. 1 attached thereto. In further modifications a tapered metal coupling unit 51, Fig. 6, having a laminated nickel core with a rectangular opening 54, a polarizing coil 56a and an excitation coil 56 are wound through the opening. A curved coupling member may replace the tapered coupling member. A nickel stack transducer and a coupling member may be supported in a pivoted member to act on the work parts which parts are moved between the coupler and an anvil to form a seam weld. An arrangement similar to that shown in Fig. 6 may be provided with a timer controlling the energization of the excitation coil to allow its use in an assembly line. In a further embodiment a jaw 1b, Fig. 10, similar to that shown in Fig. 1, is supported by a shell 82 welded or brazed at 83 to the jaw, the shell being secured to an adjustable table 26. A timer 33 actuated by a foot switch 34 controls the energization of the transducer coil and the work parts are forced together by a wheel 38 and threaded shaft 39. Means other than magnetostrictive transducers may be employed, e.g. piezoelectric, barium titanate, lead zirconate or quartz crystal transducers, electromagnetic generators, electro - dynamic generators, or mechanical generators employing off-centre weights rotating about an axis. The parts to be welded may be both of aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper, brass, magnesium alloy, nickel, stainless steel, silver-titanium alloy, titanium alloy, molybdenum, nickel alloy, sintered aluminium powder, or the parts may be of gold platinum alloy and stainless steel, platinum and copper, platinum and stainless steel, gold platinum alloy and nickel, aluminium and nickel, stainless steel and copper alloy and nickel and copper alloy. Specification 837,279 is referred to.

Method of pressure welding

Method and apparatus employing vibratory energy for bonding metals

881,834. Semi-conductor devices. WESTERN ELECTRIC CO. Inc. Oct. 29, 1957 [Oct. 31, 1956], No. 14256/61. Divided out of 881,832. Class 37. A lead of gold, silver, aluminium, copper or gold-plated or tinned copper is bonded to a strip of gold or aluminium 1 mil. wide on a semi-conductor body by pressing the parts together at a temperature above 100‹ C. but below the lowest eutectic temperature of any combination of the materials in contact, and the dislocation forming and displacing temperatures of the semiconductor, and maintaining the pressure and temperature long enough to make a strong low resistance bond. In an example, 1 mil. wide strips 44, 46 of aluminium and gold respectively are first alloyed to a mesa 52 formed on a germanium or silicon block. Leads 48, 50 of gold and aluminium respectively are then pressed against the alloyed strips in a press for 5 seconds to 15 minutes under a pressure sufficient to deform the leads by from 10 to 20%. The electrodes thus formed constitute the emitter and base respectively of a transistor. The press consists of a head with a wedgeshaped or pointed lower end movable transversely and vertically with respect to a press bed. Both the head and the bed of the press are heated by electrical heating coils embedded therein.

Thermo-compression bonding of metal to semiconductors, and the like

Method of making electrical contacts

Method of making brake drums

A method of obtaining a bond joint between thin metal members without the addition of a bonding agent. The method yields bond strengths comparable to the parent metal. It comprises overlapping the materials at the edges and bonding them by explosive welding while also making use of the explosive force to shape the materials into an essentially planar configuration.

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Method of making an explosively welded scarf joint

This, invention relates to a method and means of securing a plurality of sheets of metal, or other material, together without the use of additional fastening elements, such as clips, rivets and the like. This application is a substitute for my application Serial No. 82,079, filed May 27, 1936....

Fastening element and method of making same

Cold pressure welding

Electrical connector and method of making same.

Welded and calked body and process of producing same

This invention relates to a method of welding and more particularly to the welding of the seams in alloy sheet linings over steel or alloys of other composition. S In the construction of lined pressure vessels such as are used in the oil refining and chemical industries the vessel is generally...

Method of pressure welding

Citations

Method and apparatus employing vibratory energy for bonding metals

Thermo-compression bonding of metal to semiconductors, and the like

Method of making electrical contacts

Method of making brake drums

Method of making an explosively welded scarf joint

References

Fastening element and method of making same

Cold pressure welding

Electrical connector and method of making same.

Welded and calked body and process of producing same

Method of welding

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