Q2. Why do Maroons see themselves as independent socio-political entities?
Due to their origin as runaway communities that openly defied colonial rule, Maroons see themselves as independent socio-political entities.
Q3. What is the main point of Loweman Pansu?
Besides the wide range of music styles produced in Suriname and specific Maroon styles such as Aleke (cf. Bilby, 1999), Loweman Pansu also plays Reggae and other Caribbean and African music styles which generally do not figure at all or rarely on French-speaking radio programs.
Q4. Why is Maroon culture closely linked to a rural subsistence life-style?
Due to its history, traditional Maroon culture is closely linked to a rural subsistence life-style that traditionally assigns negative connotations to things and people urban, including urbanized Maroons.
Q5. What is the main reason why local languages are often considered unsuitable for use in the public?
In many regions, local languages are often believed to be unfit or unsuitable for use in the public formal domain, which is dominated by European Standard languages.
Q6. Why are many of them moving to eastern urban centers?
Many of them are moving to eastern urban centers because they feel that their lifestyles are being threatened by the immigrants and in order to avail of what they consider to be better educational opportunities.
Q7. What is the relationship between the national states and the Maroon communities?
Having received formal education and acquired competence in French (and/or Dutch), most of them consider themselves to be French (and/or Surinamese) while at the same time also seeing themselves as an integral part of the 4 Note, however, that the relationship of the national states to the Maroon communities may be described as one of minimal tolerance as they do not actively engage in preserving these communities’ distinctiveness in language and culture.
Q8. Why do societies choose the former colonial language instead of the local language?
In the latter cases, societies often opt for the former colonial language instead of choosing one of the local languages because it is viewed as more neutral and its continued use financially less burdensome (Migge and Léglise, 2007:307-310).
Q9. What is the main reason why people are often denied language status?
In the minds of many, including many of their speakers, especially those who also have competence in European languages, they are linguistically deficient, lack social prestige and are frequently denied language status being negatively identified as dialects or patois (Calvet, 1974).
Q10. What is the purpose of the apology?
To mitigate the possible face threat that may be caused by invoking a negative issue or using a negative word, he inserts an apology in line 2 (piimisi fu taki) – in other instances the apology precedes the taboo issue or word.
Q11. What is the main reason why presenters target respect speech?
Another important indicator that presenters target respect speech is the fact that people on the program are usually addressed and referred to using a function title or a traditional courtesy title.
Q12. What is the main feature of code-mixing on Loweman Pansu?
Code-mixing is more common in more ‘relaxed’ parts of the program such as advertising, birthday announcements and discussions about music, but they are also found in other parts such as the discussion part.
Q13. How many young Maroons have spent their lives in the coastal cities of French Guiana?
there is a sizable number of young Maroons who have either spent all or most of their life in the coastal urban centres of French Guiana (and/or Suriname) and have increasingly less contact with the traditional village setting and traditional Maroon life-styles.