..................................................................................................................................................... VI DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................................... VII PREFACE ....................................................................................................................................................... VIII PART I: THE NORTH KOREAN NUCLEAR PROBLEM ............................................................... 2

North Korea in a Regional and Global Context

Nonproliferation and the North Korean nuclear weapons program: impotence meets ambition

This paper benefited from presentations at the Naval Postgraduate School and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Thanks to John Arquilla, Aaron Belkin, Bruce Cumings, Benjamin Frankel, Elizabeth Kier, Peter Lavoy, Michael Sinatra, David Stuligross, and an anonymous referee for their comments.

Preventive War and North Korea

Recent studies of China's foreign policy and foreign trade provide little information on the burgeoning economic contacts between China and South Korea. Some analyses simply note the existence of secret trade, while others present some data on the trade volume for a year or two at best.1 This is understandable since both China and South Korea have wanted to conceal their "secret" economic relations in order not to provoke North Korea and Taiwan. The development of Sino-South Korean economic relations is politically, economically, and symbolically important. It tacitly signals the end to thirty years of intense antagonism, and it illuminates the nature of post-Mao Chinese foreign policy and the changing picture of international relations in northeast Asia. For these reasons, an analysis of Sino-South Korean economic relations seems timely and worthwhile. This article first traces the steps leading to improved South KoreanChinese relations in the 1970s and then details the economic relations between the two countries in the 1980s, focusing first on trade and then on joint ventures. It concludes by assessing the constraints on, and prospects for, Sino-South Korean economic relations. In the absence of primary sources, the study is based on secondary sources, including scholarly journals, magazines, and newspapers published in South Korea, Taiwan, Hong

South Korea-China Economic Relations: The Current Situation and Its Implications

This article aims to introduce the concept of parallel economies to explain the transformation of North Korea’s command economy during the 1990s. The article summarises North Korea’s pre-1991 command economy, before identifying the collapse of the Soviet Union and the great famine (1994–1998) as causes for the splintering of the old command system into parallel economies—the official, military, illicit, court and entrepreneurial economies—separated from the central planning matrix. It concludes that the existence of parallel economies makes system-wide economic reform unlikely and increases the importance of foreign aid in maintaining the viability of the regime’s political architecture.

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North Korea in a Regional and Global Context

Citations

Nonproliferation and the North Korean nuclear weapons program: impotence meets ambition

Preventive War and North Korea

South Korea-China Economic Relations: The Current Situation and Its Implications

North Korea's parallel economies: Systemic disaggregation following the Soviet collapse

North Korea's Pragmatism: A Turning Point?

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